Alper, Ali ErenAlper, Findik Ozlem2024-11-072024-11-0720201305-5577https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.04.14https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/413097https://hdl.handle.net/11480/14002The basic aim of this study is to test the stationarity of the ecological footprint and its subcomponents with the Fourier KPSS unit root test, which takes both smooth and sharp structural breaks into consideration, in 12 selected OECD member countries over the period between 1961-2016. The analysis results detected that carbon emission and total ecological footprint variables for the USA; forest products footprint variable for Germany; forest products and total ecological footprint variables for Australia; fishery areas and forest products footprint variables for Austria; carbon emission, forest products and total ecological footprint variables for France; fishery areas and forest products footprint variables for the Netherlands; forest products and cropland footprint variables for England; cropland footprint variable for Italy; cropland and total ecological footprint variables for Japan; total ecological footprint variables for Canada and fishery areas and forest products footprints for Turkey are stationary at levels.trinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessEcological FootprintFourierStationarityArticle284629331010.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.04.142-s2.0-85128166704N/A413097WOS:000602733600014N/A