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    Changes in Vitellogenin, Abdominal Lipid Content, and Hypopharyngeal Gland Development in Honey Bees Fed Diets with Different Protein Sources
    (Mdpi, 2024) Gunesdogdu, Mustafa; Sarioglu-Bozkurt, Aybike; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Abaci, Samet Hasan
    Honey bees play an important role in the pollination of flowering plants. When honey bee colonies are deficient in pollen, one of their main nutrients, protein supplements are required. In this study, the effects of diets with six different protein sources on the physiological characteristics of worker bees (vitellogenin (Vg), abdominal lipid content (ALC), hypopharyngeal gland (HPG)) and consumption were investigated. The protein sources of the diets (diet I, & mldr;, diet VI) included pollen, spirulina dust (Arthrospira platensis Gomont), fresh egg yolk, lyophilized lactose-free skimmed milk powder, active fresh yeast, and ApiProtein. It was identified that consumption by worker bees was highest in the diet group supplemented with spirulina (diet II). Although there was no statistical difference regarding the Vg content in the hemolymph, numerically, the highest content was found in diet group IV (lyophilized lactose-free skimmed milk powder) (4.73 +/- 0.03 ng/mL). ALC and HPG were highest in the group fed diet II. These results suggest that offering honey bees diets with certain protein sources can support their physiological traits.
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    Comparison of Growth Curves of Broiler under Different Stocking Densities by Gompertz Model
    (KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2013) Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Tahtali, Yalcin; Sarica, Musa; Gulay, M. Sukru; Abaci, Samet Hasan; Duman, Mustafa
    The knowledge of the growth curve in poultry science is very useful for describing growth kinetics and setting commercial management procedures. The objective of this research was to fit the Gompertz growth curve from hatching weights to 42 d-old weights of broilers in 3 stocking density groups. A total of 284 Ross 308 broilers randomly divided into 3 stocking density groups (9, 13 and 17 birds/m(2)) in this experiment. All birds were weighted weekly. The asymptotic weight (A) of broiler chickens for 9, 13 and 17 bird/m(2) stocking density groups were 4198.46, 3807.45 and 3999.92 g, respectively (P<0.05). The growth rates (K) of broiler chickens for 9, 13 and 17 bird/m(2) stocking density groups were 0.055, 0.058 and 0.052, respectively (P<0.01). The coefficient of determination for all stocking density groups were 0.998, 0.997 and 0.996, respectively (P<0.05). Moreover, the mean square error (MSE) value was lowest for 9 bird/m(2) group (P<0.05). The current study suggested that stocking density of 9 bird/m(2) was better for the broiler growth of the different stocking densities on the base of mature live weight (A), coefficient of determination (R-2) and mean square error (MSE).
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    Factors Influencing Ranging Behavior of Different Strains of Hens
    (Springer India, 2024) Tainika, Brian; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Abaci, Samet Hasan
    This study investigated the effect of plant species, month of the year, time of the day, and weather variables on hen percentage outdoor and ranging distance of Lohmann LSL Classic (LW) and Lohmann Sandy (LS) strains. Mentha piperita (M. piperita), Petroselinum crispum (P. crispum), and Medicago sativa (M. sativa) were studied. From 14 to 42 weeks of age, the number of hens outside and the distance ranged: from 0 to 3.0 m, 3.1-6.0 m, and 6.1-9.0 m from the barn were live counted at 9:00 a.m., 12:00, and 3:00 p.m. daily. Also, within the same time, the weather conditions (live observed), and the indoor and outdoor temperatures were recorded accordingly. More LW than LS hens were observed outside and more LS than LW hens ranged further than 3.0 m from the barn (p < 0.01). More hens were found in the M. sativa than in other plant treatments (p < 0.01). The percentage of hens outside and ranging distance increased at 12:00 noon, at an indoor-outdoor temperature difference of >= 3 degrees C, and in October (p < 0.01). Hen percentage on the range and ranging distance increased and decreased in cloudy and foggy weather, respectively (p < 0.01). Additionally, the interaction between strain and the month of the year, and the interaction between strain and the weather conditions affected hen percentage outdoor (p < 0.01). It was concluded that the hen percentage outdoor and ranging distance can be modulated by plant species and laying hen strain. It is crucial to consider these two aspects in further studies so that the ranging behaviors of hens can be enhanced.
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    Genetic Parameter Estimates for Growth Traits in Saanen Kids
    (KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2015) Onder, Hasan; Sen, Ugur; Takma, Cigdem; Ocak, Sezen; Abaci, Samet Hasan
    Genetic parameters of test day (from birth to sixth month) body weight and body size parameters of Saanen kids were estimated by random regression with third order Legendre polynomial. The analyses were applied to 2673 test day records of 382 Saanen kids (Twin = 328; Single = 54; Female = 204; Male = 178) in a private dairy goat farm in Samsun, at the black Sea region of Turkey. Permanent environmental variances were static for height at sacrum, height at withers and chest depth, increased for body weight and body length on time. Heritability values ranged from 0.2679 to 0.6135 for body weight and Height at withers. Genetic correlations changed between 0.725 and 0.979 in all traits. The positive high genetic correlations among traits suggested that selection for any one of these traits would result in considerable positive change in other traits.
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    The effect of housing environment (deep litter with or without access to different plant species outdoor) on welfare and behavior across two strains of laying hens
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Tainika, Brian; Sekero, Ahmet; Akyol, Ahmet; Abaci, Samet Hasan; Gur, Fatih Mehmet
    The impact of the housing environment and hen strain on the welfare and behavior of laying hens was the focus of this study. Lohmann LSL Classic (W) and Lohmann Sandy (S) were assessed under deep litter without outdoor access (DL), deep litter with access to outdoor pens covered with either Mentha piperita (MP), Petroselinum crispum (PC) or Medicago sativa (MS). Duration of tonic immobility, feather condition, footpad dermatitis, and temperatures (comb, breast region, footpad surface, and rectal) were determined at 31, 42, and 52 weeks of age. Hen's behaviors were observed at 32, 42, and 52 weeks of age. Blood parameters were assessed at 52 weeks of hen age. Duration of tonic immobility was similar between hen strains and across ages of hens (p > 0.05) but nearly reached significant levels due to the housing environment (p = 0.070). There was a significant effect of age (p < 0.001), housing environment (p < 0.001), and hen strain (p < 0.05) on total feather score. Age -related effects were observed for all the body region temperatures (p < 0.001), and only the comb and rectal temperatures differed between hen strains (p < 0.001; p < 0.05). The housing environment did not affect the body surface temperatures (p > 0.05). Blood parameters did not differ between hen strains and housing environments (p > 0.05). There was a significant effect of age, housing environment, and hen strain on the proportion of hens expressing some behaviors (p < 0.001; p < 0.05). Time of the day influenced the proportion of birds expressing wing flapping and dust bathing behaviors (p < 0.05). It was concluded that feather condition varies with the housing environment and hen strain, duration of tonic immobility may differ across housing environments, but other welfare traits remain to be refined. Also, housing environment but not strain modulates the expression of most behaviors of hens.
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    The Effect of Oxalic and Formic Acids Applied in Different Forms against the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Parasite Varroa destructor in Autumn
    (Bursa Uludag University, 2022) Güneşdoğdu, Mustafa; Abaci, Samet Hasan; Şekeroğlu, Ahmet
    This study was carried out to determine different forms of the effectiveness of oxalic and formic acid applied against Varroa destructor parasite, which is seen as the main cause of colony losses and low yield in honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) worldwide. Formic acid was tested in two trial groups (FormicPro™; 70% liquid formic acid) and oxalic acid in six trial groups (Dribbling; Spray; Sublimation; Glycerine Shop towel; sunflower Oil Shop Towel; Ultrasonic Fogging). The control group was not exposed to the application during the study. According to the results, the highest effect against varroa was determined in the FormicPro™ group (P<0.001). However, incubation activity of colonies almost completely ceases in formic acid groups. The rate of varroa infestation increased control group and the oxalic acid group treated with an ultrasonic fogging machine (P<0.001). In the autumn, it was concluded that not every application provided effective control against varroa at the location where the study was conducted. © 2022 The authors.