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    Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Discriminating Precancerous Pathologies from Cervical Cancer
    (Hindawi Ltd, 2019) Tas, Mustafa; Yavuz, Adem; Ak, Mehmet; Ozcelik, Bulent
    Purpose. We aimed to determine the predictive value of several hematological markers of inflammation on the presence/absence of cervical cancer and also to determine their ability in discriminating precancerous cervical pathologies from cervical cancer. Materials and Methods. In this study, patients who presented to Acibadem Kayseri Hospital between May 2010 and June 2018 were evaluated. Forty patients with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 40 patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and 30 patients with cervical cancer (CC) were retrospectively included in this study. A control group of 70 healthy volunteers with normal cervical cytology was also included in the study. Results. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was significantly higher in patients with CC than in controls. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was significantly higher in patients with CC compared to those with LSIL and HSIL diagnoses and also controls (p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR: 1.075, 95% CI: 1.020-1.132, p=0.007), NLR (OR: 1.643, 95% CI: 1.009-3.142, p=0.047), and PLR (OR: 1.032, 95% CI: 1.003-1.062, p=0.029) were predictors for the presence of CC. ROC curve analysis revealed that both NLR and PLR were predictive of CC with a cutoff value of 2.02 for NLR (71% sensitivity and 60% specificity, AUC: 0.682, p=0.004) and 126.7 for PLR (83% sensitivity and 69% specificity, AUC: 0.752, p<0.001). Conclusion. In addition to patients' age, determination of NLR and PLR values, which are simple, inexpensive, and readily available markers of systemic inflammation, may help in decision making precancerous pathologies of the cervix.
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    The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychosomatic Complaints and Investigation of The Mediating Role of Intolerance to Uncertainty, Biological Rhythm Changes and Perceived COVID-19 Threat in this Relationship: A Web-Based Community Survey
    (Aves, 2020) Gica, Sakir; Kavakli, Mehmet; Durduran, Yasemin; Ak, Mehmet
    Background: The aim of the present study was to determine the increase in psychosomatic complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the factors associated with psychosomatic complaints. Methods: Five-hundred and thirty-three participants were included in the study. The participants completed the following self-reported scales: Personal Information Form, Perceived COVID-19 Threat Form, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry and Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15). The data were gathered online. The participants filled PHQ-15 scale twice. In the one interrogation, they were asked to fill the scale according to the current time, and in the other interrogation, they were asked to retrospectively report their status before the COVID-19 outbreak started. Results: The psychosomatic symptom levels of the participants increased (M = 9.08, SD = 5.98) after the COVID-19 outbreak compared to before. The first and second PHQ scores were both positively related to perceived COVID-19 threat, intolerance of uncertainty and biological rhythms. However, the correlation coefficients of the second PHQ scores (after the outbreak) were higher than the first. Perceived COVID-19 threat predicted intolerance of uncertainty, but did not predict biological rhythms. The relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and the present PHQ score was partially mediated by intolerance of uncertainty. Also, the relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and present PHQ score were partially mediated by both intolerance of uncertainty and biological rhythms. Conclusion: Psychosomatic complaints were increased during the COVID-19 outbreak period, and the changes in perceived threat and biological rhythm, especially intolerance of uncertainty, were effective in this increase. Results of our study revealed the importance of including the patient's ability to tolerate uncertainty in therapeutic approaches during COVID-19 and similar pandemics. In addition, the importance of the attempt to protect the circadian rhythm in the quarantine process has been demonstrated once again in order to reduce mental influences of the COVID-19 outbreak.
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    The mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety
    (Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2020) Kayakli, Mehmet; Ak, Mehmet; Uguz, Faruk; Turkmen, Osman Ogulcan
    Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic is a new and highly detrimental event that has influenced the world over. Besides the obvious health risks, COVID-19 has also affected people psychologically. The high risk of contamination can increase the perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety in individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety. Additionally, the study also investigated the role of gender, profession and income level in the perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety. Method: The research sample was composed of 562 individuals from the community. The data was gathered by using personal information form and the Perceived COVID-19 Threat Form, Self-Compassion Scale and Turkish Death Anxiety Scale. Results: The relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety was partially mediated by self-compassion. Moreover, people in the high income group had a lower level of perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety score compared to the low-income group. Perceived COVID-19 threat levels were lower among health care professionals compared to unemployed individuals. Female participants had a higher level of perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety score compared to male participants. Discussion: Self-compassion may be an essential variable to help cope with problems related to perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety. Improving our understanding of the psychological impacts of COVID-19 is necessary and essential.