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    Gasification of leather residues - Part I. Experimental study via a pilot scale air blown downdraft gasifier
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2004) Dogru, M; Midilli, A; Akay, G; Howarth, CR
    This article presents an experimental study on the gasification of leather residues from a tannery by using a throated 10 kW(e) downdraft gasifier. The gasification process is conducted over a range of feed rates in the gasifier for the operating temperatures of 1,000degreesC and 1,100degreesC, slightly below atmospheric pressure. In this study, the experimental setup and procedure are also explained in detail. Moreover, the fuel characteristics, components in the produced gas, and side products from the gasification system were measured during the experiments and discussed. It was concluded that the briquetted leather residues were successfully gasified in a downdraft gasifier. However, the large briquette sizes of the leather residues occasionally formed bridging in the throat zone of the gasifier. Therefore the downdraft gasifier should be operated using smaller size briquettes to prevent the bridging in the throat zone in order to productively convert the leather residues into combustible gases.
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    Gasification of leather residues - Part II. Conversion into combustible gases and the effects of some operational parameters
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2004) Midilli, A; Dogru, M; Akay, G; Howarth, CR
    The main aim of this article is to investigate the conversion of leather residues into combustible gases by using a downdraft gasification technique. Second, the effects of leather residues on the operation of the throated-downdraft gasifier are explored. It was deduced that the percentage of the combustible gases, including around 11% of H-2, 20% of CO, and 2% of CxHx, varied between approximately 29% and 33% of the total produced wet gas. Moreover, the great amount of hydrocarbons was produced at almost 0.20 kgH(2)/kgC of the ratio of H-o/C-o. The most productive region for the gasification would be selected between 486.39 and 584.36 Nm(3)/m(2)h of the specific gasification rate (SGR). The optimum efficiency of cold gas was calculated as 46.50%, around 486.39 Nm(3)/m(2)h of the SGR. The overall results give a positive indication of the suitability of leather waste for both heat production and power generation using a downdraft type of gasification system.