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    Comparative Appraisal of Three Low-Cost GPS Speed Sensors with Different Data Update Frequencies
    (Mdpi, 2021) Akkamis, Mustafa; Keskin, Muharrem; Sekerli, Yunus Emre
    Low-cost GPS (Global Positioning System) speed sensors have been available to quantify vehicle speed on different platforms including agricultural tractors in precision agriculture applications such as yield monitoring, variable rate fertilizer and pesticide applications. One of the advances in low-cost GPS receivers is the higher data update frequencies. However, we found no studies on the accuracy of low-cost GPS speed sensors with different update frequencies, especially under variable speed conditions. Thus, this work investigated the effect of the update frequency on the accuracy of low-cost GPS speed sensors under both constant and varying speed conditions. Three GPS speed sensors with update frequencies of 1 Hz, 5 Hz and 7 Hz (GPS1Hz, GPS5Hz and GPS7Hz) were simultaneously tested under the same conditions. A total of 144 tests were conducted on three different days and at three different times of each day with four speed levels and four repetitions. The percent errors were found to be up to 2.3%, 1.8% and 1.4% at constant speeds; up to -47%, -16% and -12% at the increasing speeds and 24%, 6% and 5% at the decreasing speeds, depending on the acceleration and deceleration levels, for GPS1Hz, GPS5Hz and GPS7Hz, respectively. The differences among the error values of the GPS speed sensors were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). The GPS speed sensors with higher update frequencies (5 and 7 Hz) provided higher accuracy compared to the one with lower frequency (1 Hz), particularly in the case of higher acceleration conditions. In sum, low-cost GPS speed sensors with higher update frequencies should be used for better accuracy, especially in variable speed conditions.
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    EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON GROWTH, TUBER YIELD AND QUALITY IN POTATOES (Solanum tuberosum L.)
    (Soc Field Crop Sci, 2021) Caliskan, Sevgi; Hashemi, Mohammad Samim; Akkamis, Mustafa; Aytekin, Ramazan Ilhan; Bedir, Mehmet
    The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of gibberellic acid (GA(3)) on growth, tuber yield and some tuber quality traits of potato. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with three replicates, cultivars Marabel, Alegria and Agria were arranged in the main plots, and GA(3) doses (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg GA(3) L-1) in the sub-plots. Gibberellic acid was applied to leaves by spraying on the 50th day after planting (during flowering). The effects of GA(3) applications on tuber yield of potato cultivars were varied. GA(3) applications resulted in significant decrease on chlorophyll content (SPAD), tuber dry matter and chips quality of potato. But it caused significant increase on number of tubers and tuber yield plant(-1). In 2019 and 2020 years, the highest tuber yield was obtained from Alegria cultivar (62.78 and 50.55 t ha(-1) respectively). Total tuber yield values increased from 52.08 t/ha to 65.14 t ha(-1) in 2019 and from 42.12 t ha(-1) to 53.94 t ha(-1) in 2020 with increasing to 100 mg GA(3) L-1 from 0 mgL(-1). Overall, increasing doses of GA(3) resulted in a reduction in tuber dry matter and starch ratio. The GA(3) applications caused deformations in tuber shape, the deformations increased with increasing GA(3) doses.
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    Effects of Different Irrigation Levels and Nitrogen Fertilization on Some Physiological Indicators of Potato
    (Springer, 2024) Akkamis, Mustafa; Caliskan, Sevgi
    Water and nitrogen are widely used agricultural inputs in potato production areas. However, the excessive and inappropriate use of these significant inputs may lead to the rapid depletion of water resources and inappropriate nitrogen leakage. In potato production, insight into the effects of water and nitrogen on the physiological properties will help to overcome these difficulties. This study was therefore conducted to determine the effects of different nitrogen and irrigation levels on the physiological (photosynthesis rate, leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll content, and leaf temperature) characteristics of potato. Field experiments were conducted during the 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 primary potato cropping seasons to select the suitable combination of irrigation and fertilization levels for potato production in the Nigde Province of the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Employing a factorial design, the study encompassed six nitrogen fertilization rates and three irrigation levels. Measurements were systematically recorded at five distinct intervals (40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 days) post-emergence. The outcomes underscored that nitrogen treatments augmented physiological traits, manifesting in heightened photosynthetic rates, chlorophyll content, and leaf area indices, barring leaf temperature, in comparison to the control group (devoid of nitrogen treatments). Full irrigation (I1) yielded the utmost values for both photosynthesis and leaf area index, with I1N3 (full irrigation and intermediate nitrogen supply) was identified as the most efficacious treatment for these parameters. This study identifies the most appropriate nitrogen and irrigation application for optimum physiological yield of the potato for crop producers. However, it is important to note that the study focused solely on one commercial potato cultivar (Agria), and further research on various potato cultivars is recommended for more conclusive results.
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    Responses of yield, quality and water use efficiency of potato grown under different drip irrigation and nitrogen levels
    (Nature Portfolio, 2023) Akkamis, Mustafa; Caliskan, Sevgi
    Proper irrigation and fertilization are essential for achieve high tuber yield and quality in potato production. However, the high cost of these inputs necessitate optimization of their use to improve both water use efficiency and crop productivity. This study aimed to investigate the impact of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on potato yield, quality and water use efficiency. The research included different drip irrigation treatments (100%, 66%, and 33% of field capacity) and nitrogen levels: 0 (N0), 100 (N1), 200 (N2), 300 (N3), 400 (N4) and 500 (N5) kg N ha(-1). The results indicated that potato yield and growth were more sensitive to irrigation treatment than nitrogen levels. Full irrigation with 300 kg N ha(-1) produced the highest total tuber yield, while low irrigation treatments resulted in significantly lower yields. In contrast, the 66% field capacity irrigation treatment consistently had the highest water use efficiency in both years of the study. Furthermore, the study showed that the quality characteristics of the tubers were negatively impacted by full irrigation treatments compared to low irrigation. These findings suggest that with appropriate irrigation and nitrogen application, potatoes can be produced with acceptable yields while conserving water and minimizing nitrogen use. This research emphasizes the importance of optimizing inputs to improve water use efficiency and yield productivity while reducing water. As a result, obtaining useful information on crop management for farmers to make informed decisions may be possible by achieving optimal irrigation and nitrogen levels.