Yazar "Akram, Muhammad" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Effects of Feeding Genetically Modified Crops to Domestic Animals: A Review
    (2019) Akram, Muhammad; Fırıncıoğlu, Sema; Jalal, Hassan; Doğan, Sibel; Shahid, Sana; Ali, Basit Shaukat
    Genetically modified (GM) crops are being planted at large scale worldwide. In most of thecountries, GM crops are processed into livestock feed. The land is used for cultivation of GM plantshas been increased in recent years; in 2012 GM plants were grown on over 170 million hectares in28 countries by 17.3 million farmers and extended to 185.1 million hectors in 2016 worldwide. GMplants have been used as feed for animals and the number of studies has proved their safety foranimal and public health. This paper reviews the possible effects of GM crops on livestock, poultry,and aquatic animals by reviewing different type of studies, in which parameters such as performance,reproductive and health assessment were investigated. The most of peer-reviewed papers evaluatingthe effects of feeding animals with transgenic crops were based on GM plants with improvedagronomic traits i.e. herbicide-tolerant plants and pets-tolerant plants; however, in some cases GMplants with boosted nutritional properties assessed. In most experiments, either Bt (Bacillusthuringiensis) maize, Roundup Ready (RR) soybean or both fed to animals. Measurable differencesin various parameters were mostly observed in Bt maize and soybean fed separately orsimultaneously to animals. In this review, scientific studies showing the effects of the use of GMproducts in the nutrition of domestic animals on performance, health and reproductive parametersare investigated.
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    Role of Aloe Vera as A Natural Feed Additive in Broiler Production
    (2019) Jalal, Hassan; Akram, Muhammad; Doğan, Sibel; Fırıncıoğlu, Sema; Irshad, Nida; Khan, Minahil
    Phytogenic feed additives have replaced the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in the diet ofpoultry particularly broiler chickens. Researchers are moving towards the use of natural productssuch as herbs, spices, plants and plant products, which possess influential effects on growthperformance parameters, immune response and treatment of various diseases. Aloe vera is a wellknownmedicinal plant and is being used for commercial and therapeutic purposes such asantimicrobials, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, wound healing, antioxidant andantiprotozoal agents. From a few last decades, the use of Aloe vera has been increased as a naturaladditive to broiler diet. Based on the review of literature, Aloe vera can improve immune response,growth performance in the broiler, as well as an excellent alternative of AGPs and anticoccidialdrugs. It can be used for broiler diet in the form of gel, powder, ethanolic extract and aqueous extract.This review provides information about the use of Aloe vera in broiler production with reference tothe effects on growth performance, immune system, intestinal microflora and coccidiosis in broilerchickens.
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    The Use of Essential Oils in Active Food Packaging: A Review of Recent Studies
    (2019) Akram, Muhammad; Fırıncıoğlu, Sema; Jalal, Hassan; Doğan, Sibel
    Public concern on the excessive use of synthetic food additives has raised a great interest to usenatural products due to their potential in food and pharmacological industries. Nowadays, chemicalfood additives are questioned due to their contribution to the health risks and environmental impacts.Among natural additives, essential oils (EOs) are extracted from aromatic compounds andresponsible for their biological activities namely antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity.Incorporation of bio-active compounds particularly EOs directly in food or edible/biodegradablefood packaging seems to enhance the shelf life and quality characteristics of processed food andprotect the consumers against oxidative and bacterial deterioration effects. However, inclusion ofEOs in films/coatings for food packaging may put some effects on various properties (optic, tensileand etc.), which can affect the consumer acceptability. Their addition in food can cause some allergicand hypersensitivity reactions to the individuals who use them often. This paper aims to review thelatest findings on the use of EOs incorporated with edible/biodegradable films and coatings toenhance the shelf life and quality of the food. Further investigations about essential oils are expectedto clarify their exact action and build up their standard use in food industry.