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Öğe Comparison of Different Lactation Curve Models of Anatolian Buffaloes(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2014) Sahin, Aziz; Ulutas, Zafer; Yildirim, Arda; Aksoy, Yuksel; Genc, SerdarIn this study, eight different lactation curve models were compared by using test day milk yield records belonging Anatolian Buffaloes raised in different Farm conditions between 2011 and 2013. To identify the best lactation curve models of Wood, Cobby and Le Du, Logaritmic Quadratic, Exponential, Parabolic exponential, Quadratic, Inverse Polynomial and Logaritmic Linear mathematical functions were used. The coefficient of determination (R-2) and residual standard deviation (RSD) statistics were used for determination of best fitted model in lactation curve. Logaritmic Quadratic and Quadratic functions are the best goodness of fit model as having the highest R-2 and lowest RSD coefficients. As a result, the parameters are estimated by logarithmic quadratic or quadratic models, for use in breeding programs will make an important contribution to research in this field.Öğe Determination of Calpastatin (CAST) Gene Polimorphism in Some Native Sheep Breeds Reared in Turkey by PCR-RFLP Method(ANKARA UNIV, FAC AGR, 2014) Balcioglu, Murat Soner; Karsli, Taki; Sahin, Emine; Ulutas, Zafer; Aksoy, YukselIn this study, calpastatin (CAST) gene polimorphism was investigated in 7 native sheep breeds reared in Turkey by using PCR-RFLP method. The frequencies of M and N alleles of CAST gene in Kangal (n= 31), Awassi (n= 26), Guney Karaman (n= 23), Akkaraman (n= 21), Morkaraman (n= 34), Karayaka (n= 33), and Karakas (n= 22) sheep breeds were determined as 0.92-0.08, 0.59-0.41, 0.67-0.33, 0.69-0.31, 0.87-0.13, 0.86-0.14, 0.89-0.11 respectively. According to chi-square test, all the other populations were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, whereas Morkaraman, Ivesi and Karayaka populations showed significant (P<0.05) deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the CAST gene.Öğe Effects of genotype and fattening system on the quality of male lamb meat - Part 1: Technological properties and carcass measurements(Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh, 2019) Sari, Mehmet; Aksoy, Yuksel; Onk, Kadir; Erinc, Hakan; Isik, Serpil A.; Tilki, MuammerThis study was conducted to determine the effect of genotype and fattening system on carcass measurements of lambs and technological properties of the male lamb meat (Musculus longissimus dorsi, MLD). The animal material in the study included 39 Hemsin (H) and 39 Tuj (T) male lambs. Extensive (E), semi-intensive (SI) and intensive (I) fattening systems were applied in the study, which was completed within 90 d. In the E, SI and I fattening groups, a total of 48 lambs, including 16 lambs in each group, were slaughtered. The results of the study indicated that the effect of genotype on the first-hour yellowness (b*), being one of the colour parameters of the MLD, and the effect of the fattening system on 1 h hour redness (a*) and chroma (C*), being among the colour parameters, were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The effect of genotype and fattening system on MLD pH at 45 min (pH(45 )(min)) and 24 h (pH(24h)) after the slaughtering and on the third and seventh hour drip loss (DL %) was statistically nonsignificant (P > 0.05). The effect of genotype and fattening system on DL, cooking loss (CL %) and texture (TT) was nonsignificant (P > 0.05), whereas the effect of these factors on water-holding capacity (WHC %) was significant (P < 0.05). The effect of genotype on external carcass length (ECL), internal carcass length (ICL), internal hindquarter length (IHL), and carcass and leg conformation was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The effect of the fattening system on all the carcass measurements except for carcass conformation, carcass depth (CD) and external chest width (ECW) was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Genotype and fattening system affected the colour and some quality traits of meat and carcass measurements of lambs.Öğe Estimates of genetic parameters for different body weights and muscle and fat depths of Karayaka lambs(SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2016) Aksoy, Yuksel; Ulutas, Zafer; Sen, Ugur; Sirin, Emre; Sahin, AzizIn the current paper the direct additive and maternal genetic effects on birth, weaning (at 90 days of age), and scanning (at 20 weeks of age) weights and muscle and fat depths of the ribeye area in Karayaka lambs were investigated. Analyses were carried out by the restricted maximum likelihood approach, fitting 6 animal models with various combinations of direct and maternal effects. The best model was chosen after testing for improvement in the log-likelihood values. Direct heritability (h(d)(2)) for all traits decreased when maternal genetic effects were included in the models. The maternal heritability (h(m)(2)) ranged from 0.15 to 0.22 for birth weight, from 0.04 to 0.14 for weaning weight, and from 0.08 to 0.16 for scanning weight. The effects of h(m)(2) on muscle depth and fat depth of the ribeye area were not considered due to their insignificance. The permanent environmental effect of the dam was significant for birth, weaning, and scanning weights. Moderate negative genetic correlations (r(am)) between the direct and maternal genetic effects were observed, which were significant for birth (-0.179 and -0.221), weaning (-0.310 and -0.415), and scanning (-0.116 and -0.141) weights. As a result, h(d)(2) and h(m)(2) can be used as selection criteria for birth, weaning, and scanning weights in Karayaka lambs.Öğe Fatty acid and conjugated linoleic acid content of Anatolian buffaloes at different muscle types and slaughter weight(Springer, 2022) Sahin, Aziz; Aksoy, Yuksel; Ugurlutepe, Emre; Ulutas, Zafer; Erinc, Hakan; Aydin, Kenan BurakThis research was performed to detect tissue fatty acid (FA) composition and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in Anatolian buffaloes at different muscle types (MTs) and slaughter weights (SWs). The research was carried out on a private commercial livestock farm in Tokat. The research's animal material comprised 20 Anatolian buffalo calves with approximately 100 kg body weights, weaned at about 150 days of age. Before the experiment started, the calves were randomly divided into two slaughter groups (SW) as low weight (LW=225 kg) and high weight (HW=325 kg). Ten calves from each of the two experimental groups, which were intensively fed, were slaughtered in two different weights. After the slaughtering, FA composition and CLA content of the Semimembranosus (SM), Semitendinosus (ST), and Triceps brachii (TB) muscle tissues of the animals were examined. The study determined that palmitoleic acid (C16:1) and stearic acid (C18:0) were affected by MTs and oleic acid (C18:1) and alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) were affected by SW (P < 0.05). The highest CLA was in the ST muscle type (0.298) and the LW group (0.289) of the SW groups (P > 0.05). With the increase of SW (in LW and HW groups), n-6/n3 (SM: 7.783 and 6.533; ST: 8.115 and 7.859; TB: 8.416 and 8.215) (P > 0.05) and PUFA ratio decreased (P < 0.05). The SW increase raised the SFA ratio in the SM muscle (P < 0.05) while lowering it in the TB muscle (P > 0.05). Again, with the increase in SW, AI and TI values increased in SM and ST muscles, while the same index values decreased in TB muscle (P> 0.05). In conclusion, when considering the PUFA/SFA ratio and the beneficial effects of CLAs on human health, ST in the MT and LW groups in SW, and thus ST and LW in MT and SW were prominent in Anatolian buffaloes.Öğe Genetic trends of body weight and some scanning traits of Karayaka lambs(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Ulutas, Zafer; Aksoy, Yuksel; Sahin, Aziz; Sirin, Emre; Sen, Ugur; Kuran, MehmetThis investigation was conducted to estimate the breeding values and genetic trends for body weight (BW), scanning fat depth (SFD) and scanning muscle depth (SMD) of Karayaka lambs (n= 1059) at 140 +/- 3.36 day of age. Experiments were conducted in a nucleus flock of Karayaka sheep under a selective breeding program to increase productivity at research farm of Gaziosmanpasa University between the years 2006 - 2011. Breeding values were estimated with ASREML software. While genetic trend for BW and SMD showed a smooth ascending trend, SFD exhibited a descending trend throughout the experimental period. The genetic trend for BW, SFD and SMD of Karayaka lambs were observed as 0.433 kg / year, 0.00686 mm / year and 0.00786 mm / year, respectively. The results showed that applying of a selection program on BW, SMD and SFD characteristics would increase BW and SMD values and decrease SFD value in Karayaka lambs.Öğe Lactation curve and persistency of Anatolian buffaloes(PAGEPRESS PUBL, 2015) Sahin, Aziz; Ulutas, Zafer; Yildirim, Arda; Aksoy, Yuksel; Genc, SerdarThe aim of this study was to determine the lactation curve traits of Anatolian buffaloes raised under different conditions in farms in Tokat Province, Turkey. Wood's gamma curve parameters were employed to identify the lactation curve types, and values for the parameters beginning yield (a), coefficient of rising (b) and coefficient of decreasing (c) were used to determine the shape and type of lactation curve. All parameters in typical lactation curves were positive, and in the event of one parameter being negative, the curve was considered to be an atypical lactation curve. A total of 690 lactation curves were investigated. It was determined that 406 (58.84%) of these curves were typical, while 90 (13.04%) were concave and 194 (28.12%) of a decreasing type. For typical lactation curves, a, b, c, persistency (S), time after parturition until the peak yield occurs (T-max), maximum daily peak yield (Y-max), and coefficient of determination (R-2) were 7.14 +/- 0.008, 0.85 +/- 2.1, 0.40 +/- 0.001, 2.68, 63.6, 6.41 and 76.33, respectively. For concave lactation curves, values for a, b, c, T-max, Y-max and R-2 were 4.94 +/- 0.42, -0.73 +/- 0.016, -0.23 +/- 0.0038, 95.40, 7.41 +/- 0.004 and 71.68, respectively. For decreasing typical lactation curves, values for a, b, c, T-max, and R-2 were 5.31 +/- 0.0041, -0.15 +/- 0.007, 0.039 +/- 0.0023, 3.89 +/- 0.11 and 79.94, respectively. Parameters predicted by the Wood model within the scope of this study have the potential of being useful for breeding programmes. Further breeding/selection activities could be conducted by using the female Anatolian buffaloes with typical lactation curves.Öğe Murat production characteristics of Turkish native breeds: II. meat quality, fatty acid, and cholesterol profile of lambs(Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh, 2019) Aksoy, Yuksel; Cicek, Umran; Sen, Ugur; Sirin, Emre; Ugurlu, Mustafa; Onenc, Alper; Kuran, MehmetThe study conducted a comparison of meat quality, fatty acid profile, and cholesterol amounts of longissimus dorsi (LD) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles of male lambs born to Turkish indigenous sheep breeds raised under intensive conditions. A total of 36 singleton male lambs were used as experimental animals of the Akkaraman (A), Morkaraman (M), Awassi (IW), Karayaka (KR), Kivircik (KV), and Middle Anatolian Merino (MAM) pure breeds. All lambs were fed the same diet until they reached a target weight of 40 kg weight. After the feeding period, all lambs were slaughtered and LD and ST muscle samples were collected to determine meat quality traits, fatty acid profile, and cholesterol amounts. Although there were no significant differences between lambs in terms of the fatty acid profile of LD and ST muscles, KR lambs had a higher cholesterol content in both muscles in comparison with the lambs born to other breeds (p < 0.05). While water-holding capacity, dripping loss, pH, color, dry matter, ash, and intramuscular fat values of ST muscles showed differences among breeds (p < 0.05), dripping loss, pH, cooking loss, color, dry matter, ash, protein, and intramuscular fat values of LD muscles differed between breeds (p < 0.05). The data of the current study indicated that meat quality characteristics and cholesterol contents of Turkish indigenous breeds showed differences, and these differences may be used for alternative lamb meat production for the consumer.Öğe Some Gastrointestinal Tract Characteristics of Karayaka Ram Lambs Slaughtered at Different Weights(HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION, 2014) Yildirim, Arda; Aksoy, Yuksel; Ocak, Nuh; Ulutas, ZaferThirty-one Karayaka ram lambs were slaughtered at different body weights (30 (n = 7), 35 (n = 6), 40 (n = 7), 45 (n = 6), and 50 (n = 5) kg of body weight at fast) to evaluate the growth of their gastrointestinal tract (GIT) characteristics, to determine the relationship among slaughter body weight (SBW) and empty body weight (EBW), whole GIT and segments, and the influence of slaughter weight on the pH of rumen, jejunum, and cecal contents. The effects of the SBW on GIT weight (P < 0.05), stomach (P < 0.001), and intestine (P < 0.05), the body length (P < 0.001) and caecum (P < 0.05), and the relative weights of GIT(P < 0.05), stomach (P < 0.001), and intestine (P < 0.001) were linear whereas that for the length of intestine were quadratic. The effect of SBW were quadratic (P < 0.05) on ratios of stomach to GIT weight and intestine length to intestine weight and rumen pH while, for the intestine to GIT weight ratio (P < 0.001) and caecum pH (P < 0.05), this effect was linear. The results indicated that for all parameters studied, with the exception of intestinal length and cecal pH, linear relationships were observed with SBW indicating steady growth rates for these tissues.Öğe THE EFFECT OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON MILK COMPOSITION OF ANATOLIAN BUFFALOES(UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & VETERINARY MEDICINE BUCHAREST, 2016) Sahin, Aziz; Ulutas, Zufer; Yildirim, Arda; Kul, Ertugrul; Aksoy, Yuksel; Ugurlutepe, Emre; Kaplan, YusufThe aim of this study was to determine the composition of raw milk from Anatolian water buffaloes raised under different village conditions in the Tokat province of Northern Turkey. The study materials included 600 milk samples from 120 water buffaloes raised at different farms in 12 separate villages of the Erbaa, Turhal, and Pazar counties in the Tokat Province. The dry matter, nonfat dry matter (or solid non fat), fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of the milk samples were determined. The study results demonstrated that the mean dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of the raw milk samples were 16.99 +/- 0.108%, 10.88 +/- 0.036%, 5.98 +/- 0.107%, 4.85 +/- 0.043%, 5.17 +/- 0,021%, and 3.61 +/- 0.036%, respectively. The study data were evaluated according to the water buffaloes' lactation stage, parity, and season by using the SPSS statistical program. It was concluded that the sampling time, parity, village conditions, stage of lactation and calving age had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of raw milk from the Anatolian water buffalo.Öğe The relationship between muscle fiber characteristics and some meat quality parameters in Turkish native sheep breeds(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2017) Sirin, Emre; Aksoy, Yuksel; Ugurlu, Mustafa; Cicek, Umran; Onenc, Alper; Ulutas, Zafer; Kuran, MehmetThis research was conducted to determine muscle fiber characteristics and its relationship with some meat quality traits in Longissimus dorsi (LD) and Semitendinosus (ST) muscles from lambs of some Turkish native sheep breeds. A total of 36 singleton male lambs were used as experimental pure breed animals of Karayaka (n = 6), Kivircik (n = 6), Middle Anatolian Merino (n = 6), Awassi (n = 6), Morkaraman (n = 6) and Akkaraman (n = 6) breeds. All experimental animals were fed the same diet until they reach to a target weight of 40 kg weight. After the feeding period all lambs were slaughtered and LD and ST muscle samples were collected for determination of some meat quality traits (tenderness, pH, water holding capacity, and colour) and ATPase staining of muscle fibers. Type IIB muscle fiber numbers of Morkaraman sheep were higher than those of other breeds in LD muscle (P < 0.05). Awassi lambs had higher number of (P < 0.05) type IIA fibers and total fiber numbers in ST muscle compared to other breeds. Diameter of type I muscle fiber of ST muscle from Kivircik lambs was higher than those of other breeds (P < 0.05). There were positive correlations between diameters of type I (r = 0.513; P<0.05), type ILIA (r = 0.476; P < 0.05) and tenderness in LD and ST muscles of all breeds. Results of the present study showed that muscle fiber characteristics of lambs of different Turkish native sheep breeds differ and muscle fiber characteristics influence some meat quality traits. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
