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  • Küçük Resim Yok
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    Kullanılan farklı polen kaynaklarının bombus arılarının (Bombus terrestris L.) koloni oluşturma başarısı üzerine etkisi
    (Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi, 2023) Akyol, Ahmet; Şekeroğlu, Ahmet
    Bu araştırmada, farklı polen kaynaklarının bombus arılarının koloni oluşturma başarısı üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Diyapoz dönemini kontrollü koşullarda geçiren 120 adet Bombus terrestris L ana arısı ile rastgele 6 adet beslenme grubu oluşturulmuştur. Bu gruplara 1. haşhaş poleni (H), 2. kestane poleni (K), 3. laden poleni (L), 4. haşhaş- kestane poleni (H- K; 1 / 1 oranında), 5. haşhaş- laden poleni (H- L; 1 / 1 oranında) ve 6. kestane – laden poleni (K- L; 1 / 1 oranında) ve %50 brix değerine sahip şeker şurubu serbest olarak verilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; gruplar arasında polen tüketimi (P<0.01), işçi arı çıkış süresi (P<0.05) ve ilk kuluçkadaki işçi arı sayısı (P<0.01), özellikleri istatistiki açıdan önemli farklılık göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak; ilk kuluçkadaki işçi arı sayısı en yüksek olan haşhaş – kestane polen karışımı ticari bombus arısı yetiştiriciliğinde önerilebilir. Bu karışımın yeni araştırmalarla en uygun oranının belirlenmesi gerekir.
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    The effect of housing environment (deep litter with or without access to different plant species outdoor) on welfare and behavior across two strains of laying hens
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Tainika, Brian; Sekero, Ahmet; Akyol, Ahmet; Abaci, Samet Hasan; Gur, Fatih Mehmet
    The impact of the housing environment and hen strain on the welfare and behavior of laying hens was the focus of this study. Lohmann LSL Classic (W) and Lohmann Sandy (S) were assessed under deep litter without outdoor access (DL), deep litter with access to outdoor pens covered with either Mentha piperita (MP), Petroselinum crispum (PC) or Medicago sativa (MS). Duration of tonic immobility, feather condition, footpad dermatitis, and temperatures (comb, breast region, footpad surface, and rectal) were determined at 31, 42, and 52 weeks of age. Hen's behaviors were observed at 32, 42, and 52 weeks of age. Blood parameters were assessed at 52 weeks of hen age. Duration of tonic immobility was similar between hen strains and across ages of hens (p > 0.05) but nearly reached significant levels due to the housing environment (p = 0.070). There was a significant effect of age (p < 0.001), housing environment (p < 0.001), and hen strain (p < 0.05) on total feather score. Age -related effects were observed for all the body region temperatures (p < 0.001), and only the comb and rectal temperatures differed between hen strains (p < 0.001; p < 0.05). The housing environment did not affect the body surface temperatures (p > 0.05). Blood parameters did not differ between hen strains and housing environments (p > 0.05). There was a significant effect of age, housing environment, and hen strain on the proportion of hens expressing some behaviors (p < 0.001; p < 0.05). Time of the day influenced the proportion of birds expressing wing flapping and dust bathing behaviors (p < 0.05). It was concluded that feather condition varies with the housing environment and hen strain, duration of tonic immobility may differ across housing environments, but other welfare traits remain to be refined. Also, housing environment but not strain modulates the expression of most behaviors of hens.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Welfare issues in broiler chickens: overview
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Tainika, Brian; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Akyol, Ahmet; Nganga, Zacharia Waithaka
    Development of quality welfare assessment protocols is a necessary step towards achieving high broiler welfare standards. Rapid growth rate and highly intensive commercial production systems have been highly associated with poor welfare indicated by mainly leg deformities, high stress levels and increased fear responses. Stress response in broilers is characterised by increased corticosterone and heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio especially under heat stress, high light intensity, high stocking density, and an unenriched environment. Rearing environment, genotypes, high light intensity and human handling highly influence fear responses as proved during tonic immobility, open field, novel enrichment, and avoidance distance tests. Lameness which is usually visually assessed by a gait score scale remains an undisputable indicator of poor welfare in broiler production due to its effects on mobility and association with pain. Other leg problems including footpad dermatitis and hock burn also remain significant and they are highly associated with fast growth, high stocking density, poor litter quality, and poor or non-enriched production systems. Litter management and good ventilation are necessary to ensure good plumage conditions, reduction in ammonia emissions thereby promoting the well-being of broilers. Generally, broilers should be motivated and able to exhibit natural behaviours without straining including feeding, drinking, walking, and stretching thereby enhancing bird health, performance, production, and consumer satisfaction. Using a systematic approach, the important welfare parameters including stress, fear response, leg problems, plumage condition, environment, and behaviour are intensively discussed to explore the latest insights of broiler chickens' welfare.