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    Molecular characterization of Heterodera cruciferae Franklin, 1945 from cabbage fields in Nigde province, Turkey
    (Springer, 2022) Toktay, Halil; Akyol, Badel G.; Evlice, Emre; Imren, Mustafa
    Background The aim of this study was to identified cyst nematodes in the cabbage production areas in Nigde Province by molecular methods to underpin decision making for field control. The sequences of ribosomal DNA region (rDNA-ITS) and cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (mtDNA-COI) were used for the first time for identification Heterodera cruciferae (cabbage cyst nematode) in Turkey. Methods and Results Heterodera cruciferae populations extracted from cabbage growing areas of Nigde Province and investigated using sequences of rDNA-ITS and mtDNA-COI. Similarities and differences between 13 geographic populations of H. cruciferae were detected in surveys during 2020-2021. DNA from single cysts was successfully amplified, and genetic variability was revealed within nematode populations. Based on these results, H. cruciferae is reported for the first time from Nigde Province, Turkey. This study showed clear discrimination among the sampled populations of H. cruciferae. Conclusion This finding is important for control and managing cabbage cyst nematode in cabbage fields in Turkey as more than one Heterodera spp. can occur. Future studies should investigate the population dynamics and control of H. cruciferae in fields in the sampled districts.
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    Phytophagous nematodes in cereal fields in Nigde Province, Turkey
    (Entomological Soc Turkey, Ege Univ, 2020) Toktay, Halil; Imren, Mustafa; Akyol, Badel G.; Evlice, Emre; Riley, Ian T.; Dababat, Abdelfattah A.
    This study evaluated the occurrence and incidence of phytophagous nematodes and identified the cereal cyst nematode species by morphological and molecular tools in the main cereal-growing areas in Nigde in 2018-2019. Phytophagous nematodes within twelve genera were detected in 95% of soil samples. The most common phytophagous nematodes in cereal soil were in the genera Heterodera, Ditylenchus, Merlinius, Pratylenchus, Aphelenchus, Aphelenchoides, Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Trophurus, Pratylenchoides, Filenchus and Xiphinema (in decreasing order of incidence). In particular, 75% of the soil samples from surveyed fields were infested with the cereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera spp.). Morphological characteristics of cysts and second-stage juveniles were calculated within the expected ranges for Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter, 1984, however, two populations from Camardi was determined as Heterodera latipons Franklin, 1969 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae). Intraspecific variation was not observed within the populations of H. filipjevi which could be in the same genotypic group. In addition to the high incidence of these Heterodera spp., intensive cereal cropping systems with/without non-cereal rotations in wheat production areas of Nigde also resulted in high incidence of root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus species.