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    On The Cultural Codes of The Idiom of Flatter
    (Geleneksel Yayincilik Ltd Stl, 2024) Aslan, Uyesi Namik; Arslan, Meryem
    In every language there are words whose connection with ancient beliefs has been forgotten. In order to understand, interpret and determine their related connections, folklore and language studies may sometimes be needed in a line extending to mythology. Because there is information formed by the experiences of the past in words and these gain the feature of tradition over time. Therefore, the connection between language and national character and behavior is deep. Words that can be understood through cultural science require ethnological analysis, and their analysis can be done through linguistic analysis. The necessity of understanding these through ethnology also stems from their antiquity. Because it is not always easy to understand and comprehend old elements correctly. This is also valid for the entire vocabulary of Turkish. Various studies have drawn attention to the words that are thought to be related to mythological elements in the Turkish language. Some of these are the statements of g & ouml;z & uuml; kanl & imath;, dar & imath;s & imath; ba & scedil;& imath;m & imath;za, a & gbreve;a & ccedil; kovu & gbreve;u, g & ouml;k ve ay han, y & uuml;z & uuml; g & ouml;mg & ouml;k, g & ouml;k g & ouml;zl & uuml;, g & ouml;k ke & ccedil;inin p & uuml;sk & uuml;ll & uuml; o & gbreve;la & gbreve;& imath; olmak . The number of such exemplary words in the Turkish language may increase even more with the tendencies to be made to native words for this purpose. In the study it is assumed that one of the words that can be explained with Turkish mythology in Turkish is to burn oil. In the study, the connection of the idiom in question with the metaphorical meaning of flattery with the old belief and mythology has been tried to be revealed and the place of oil in the old beliefs of the Turks has been mentioned. We think that the practice of anointing or anointing the t & ouml;s (a kind of figure made for symbolizing generally the member of family who died) within the framework of the cult of ancestors, burning (smoking -smelling) oil in sacrificial offerings to God and commemoration of ancestors is effective in the formation of this idiom and gaining a figurative meaning. When the expression burning oil is evaluated from this point of view, it will be seen that it is an expression directly related to Turkish mythology and the old belief system. Studies of culture, folklore and mythology have shown that Turks used to make t & ouml;s from beech bark, stone, leather or cloth to represent their ancestor spirits within their old beliefs and traditions. The t & ouml;s, which was important for the family, were placed at the corner of the house and fed with oil in their mouths. Because they symbolized the ancestral spirits, which they believed to be immortal, with these representations they made from various objects and called t & ouml;s. Again, on hunting or other special days, various foods, especially oil, and sa & ccedil;& imath; (a kind of gift dropping on holy thing or human) were made for them. These practices for ancestral spirits were to gain their approval, to keep them pleasant, and to lead a life free from dangers and evils under their protection. In particular, oil means that the spirit of the ancestors is considered very important and remembered, as well as the worship of God. It can be said that the use of oil to saturate figurines called t & ouml;s and also called emeget in some Turkish dialects is a kind of blessing. In time, this situation created expressions such as flattering, lubricating, lubricating, meaning to flatter those who have power in order to achieve something, so it seems that a ritual to honor the ancestors' spirits and to reach God for prayers has taken on a figurative meaning. The Turkish sacrificial tradition of oil and the practice of connecting with the sacred of the Turks live in this word as an idiom, but its relation with it has been forgotten. Mythology readings are necessary for a better understanding of culture and language and to determine the origin of words. Increasing studies on cultural textures will make national elements both understandable and consciously alive. The myths that include the beliefs and fears of the first people will also enable the members of the nation to unite around common beliefs and behaviors. It is hoped that the study will make a small contribution to such a need.
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    Traces of Folk Medicine Based on Folk Beliefs in Historical Turkish Medical Texts (16th-18th Century)
    (Geleneksel Yayincilik Ltd Stl, 2020) Aslan, Uyesi Namik; Arslan, Uyesi Meryem
    When the medical history of the world is examined, it is seen that the source of the treatments is based on beliefs and drugs based on reason and logic. Belief-based therapies, which continue as much as modern medicine and continue to exist clearly and sometimes secretly as well as modern medicine, are called folk medicine and the drugs made in this way are called folk medicine. In the scope of the study, alternative treatment methods applied by the physicians who have received medical education in the treatment of some diseases were emphasized and the use of folk medicine practices with modem treatment methods was discussed. In this study, seven Turkish medical texts written between 16th -17th centuries (Ecza-i Lokman Hekim, Enva-i Emraz, Ilm-i, Tibb, Kitab-i Tercume-i, Tezkire-i Davud Fi Ilmu 't-Tibb, Mecma u 'l-Mucerrebat, Sifau 'l-Fuad Li-Hazret-i Sultan Murad, Tuhfetu'l-Eribi n-Nafia Li 'r-Ruhani Ve 't-Rhhani Ve 't-Tabia) and postgraduate studies were conducted on the basis of folk beliefs their treatments and practices were tried to be identified and classified. The reason for choosing this century interval is that the medical texts written during this period were not examined in terms of folk beliefs and treatments. As a result of the study, it was found that the treatments for folk beliefs were intensified in diseases and conditions such as giving birth, abortion, protection from abortion, sexuality, preventive medicine, speech of children as soon as possible, determining the sex of the baby, madness and epilepsy. hi addition to this, it was determined that there is a folk belief that whether patients who are bedridden or not in intensive care for a long time will survive. In the medical texts, it was determined that folk belief based treatments, healing prayers, magic, clothing and materials were used in animals and plants. Magics are also made to combine or separate. However, physicians who know these magics suggested that the magics made for separation are not good and should be avoided as much as possible. In the medical texts that we examine, apart from the treatments related to diseases, there are also practices depending on folk beliefs such as falling in love, product blessing, reputation among people, not getting tired of walking and working, whether or not the patients who will remain in intensive care and long-term bedridden. It is thought that these may indirectly enter treatment with folk beliefs and concern health. Because being loved and counted among people, preserving energy while working, fertile products can save people from disease by making them happy. Otherwise, people may suffer from sorrow and sadness. The results obtained based on folkloric medicine practices determined from the 16th and 17th century medical texts are intended to contribute to studies on Turkish folk beliefs, folk medicine as well as traditional Turkish medicine. It is hoped that the study will fill a gap in terms of century in order to determine the exact results of Turkish medicine and the national and quoted elements in Turkish folk medicine.