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    Effects of 2-Aminoethyl Diphenylborinate, a Modulator of Transient Receptor Potential and Orai Channels in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study
    (Elsevier Inc., 2019) Boyacı M.G.; Rakip U.; Aslan A.; Koca H.B.; Aslan E.; Korkmaz S.; Yıldızhan S.
    Background: Cerebral vasospasm remains a serious problem affecting morbidity and mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) during neurosurgery. We aimed to demonstrate the role of the transient receptor potential channel and other channels for Ca2+ in the etiology of cerebral vasospasm using 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB) and the effective dose range of an unstudied pharmacological agent, which can limit vasospasm. Methods: We performed an experimental study using 32 Sprague-Dawley rats divided into 4 groups: sham group (n = 8), SAH group (n = 8), 2-APB group (SAH rats intraperitoneally administered with 0.5 mg/kg 2-APB; n = 8), and 2-APB-2 group (SAH rats intraperitoneally administered with 2 mg/kg 2-APB; n = 8). The rats were sacrificed after 24 hours, and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-?, and interleukin-1ß in the brain tissue and serum were measured. The histopathological investigation of brain tissue included measurement of the luminal diameter and wall thickness of the basilar artery (BA), and apoptotic cells in the hippocampus were counted after caspase staining. Results: Autologous arterial blood injection into the cisterna magna caused vasospasm in rats. 2-APB treatment increased the BA wall thickness and reduced the BA lumen diameter, inducing significant vascular changes. 2-APB also alleviated cell apoptosis at 24 hours after SAH. Conclusion: In experimental SAH in rats, 2-APB treatment increased the BA wall thickness and reduced the BA lumen diameter, inducing significant vascular changes. 2-APB also alleviated cell apoptosis at 24 hours after SAH. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.
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    Hysteresis vs. Natural rate of unemployment: One, the other, or both?
    (School of Economics and Business in Sarajevo, 2010) Kula F.; Aslan A.
    This paper re-examines the empirical validity of the hysteresis hypothesis in unemployment rates by education level in 17 OECD countries. To this end, for an unbalanced panel, we employed Pesaran's Cross-Sectional Dependence (CD) and Cross-Sectionally Augmented ADF (CADF) tests. Our empirical findings provide evidence favorable to the non-stationarity of unemployment rates according to levels of primary and secondary education attainment in total unemployment, and therefore the existence of hysteresis for these levels of education. There is no evidence, however, of hysteresis for unemployment rates by tertiary education.