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    EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON GROWTH, TUBER YIELD AND QUALITY IN POTATOES (Solanum tuberosum L.)
    (Soc Field Crop Sci, 2021) Caliskan, Sevgi; Hashemi, Mohammad Samim; Akkamis, Mustafa; Aytekin, Ramazan Ilhan; Bedir, Mehmet
    The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of gibberellic acid (GA(3)) on growth, tuber yield and some tuber quality traits of potato. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with three replicates, cultivars Marabel, Alegria and Agria were arranged in the main plots, and GA(3) doses (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg GA(3) L-1) in the sub-plots. Gibberellic acid was applied to leaves by spraying on the 50th day after planting (during flowering). The effects of GA(3) applications on tuber yield of potato cultivars were varied. GA(3) applications resulted in significant decrease on chlorophyll content (SPAD), tuber dry matter and chips quality of potato. But it caused significant increase on number of tubers and tuber yield plant(-1). In 2019 and 2020 years, the highest tuber yield was obtained from Alegria cultivar (62.78 and 50.55 t ha(-1) respectively). Total tuber yield values increased from 52.08 t/ha to 65.14 t ha(-1) in 2019 and from 42.12 t ha(-1) to 53.94 t ha(-1) in 2020 with increasing to 100 mg GA(3) L-1 from 0 mgL(-1). Overall, increasing doses of GA(3) resulted in a reduction in tuber dry matter and starch ratio. The GA(3) applications caused deformations in tuber shape, the deformations increased with increasing GA(3) doses.
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    Effects of Elevated Temperature on Agronomic, Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Potato Genotypes: 1. Agronomic and Morphological traits
    (Springer, 2024) Naawe, Eric Kuopuobe; Koeken, Ibrahim; Aytekin, Ramazan Ilhan; Gleku, Olivet Delasi; Caliskan, Sevgi; Caliskan, Mehmet Emin
    Global elevated temperatures create uncertainties in crop yield production and sustainability, threatening potatoes' food security and sustainability roles. This has been among the primary research concerns necessitating the need to evaluate potato genotypes' response to elevated temperature under field conditions. This study assessed potato genotypes' agronomic and morphological responses to elevated temperatures. The experiments were conducted under field conditions in the 2022 and 2023 cropping seasons in a split-plot design. Two heat treatments were applied; a control treatment in which the plants received the field temperature of the experimental station, and a heat treatment in which the plants received a temperature of + 6.0-10.0 degrees C depending on the date and time of day. The agronomic and morphological traits evaluated included tuber yield, mean tuber weight, days to emergence, plant height, number of stems per plant, days to physiological maturity, and tuber size distribution. The results showed significant (P < 0.01) variations in the potato genotypes in response to elevated temperature in all traits except days to emergence. Elevated temperature promoted plant height by 36.94%, and days to physiological maturity by 2.55%, while reducing the number of stems per plant by 11.77% and days to emergence by 2.31%. Furthermore, elevated temperature increased total tuber yield by 25.38%, the number of tubers per plant by 18.75%, mean tuber weight by 8.89%, third-class tuber size distribution by 25.95% and malformed tuber ratio by 1.98%, while decreasing first-class tuber size distribution by 10.11%, second-class size distribution by 1.70% and marketable tuber yield by 4.22%. The results of this study demonstrated the impact of heat stress on potato tuber yield and size distribution. The study showed that temperatures around 27.0 degrees C to 33.0 degrees C effectively promoted total tuber yield, number of tubers per plant and mean tuber weight; thus, an increase in temperature within the effective range of potato plants promoted yield and yield-related components. This study demonstrates that open-sided field chambers can be a screening tool for heat tolerance of potato genotypes under field conditions. Potato genotypes with less variation in the traits between the heat and control treatment demonstrate heat tolerance and could be used as selection markers for heat-tolerant genotypes.
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    Irrigation and potassium fertilization effects on plant growth, tuber yield, quality, and water use efficiency of potato
    (Springer, 2024) Aytekin, Ramazan Ilhan; Caliskan, Sevgi
    Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) requires high levels of water and potassium to achieve optimal yield and quality. This is of importance for the sustainable agriculture, and therefore, it is quite concern of agronomists to define the proper irrigation level and potassium rates in potato. In this study, we tested three irrigation levels (full irrigation (I100), 66% full irrigation (I66; 33% deficit), 33% full irrigation (I33; 66% deficit)), and six potassium doses (K0:0 kg ha-1 of K, K1:40 kg ha-1 of K, K2:80 kg ha-1 of K, K3:120 kg ha-1 of K, K4:160 kg ha-1 of K and K5:200 kg ha-1 of K) in Agria. The study was conducted in Nigde (Central Anatolia, Turkiye, 37 degrees 56 ' 31.8 '' N 34 degrees 38 ' 04.2 '' E) as a two-year field experiment. In the experiment, the respective values were recorded for each variable; plant height 36.0-92.0 cm, maturation period 82.0-98.0 days, number of stem per plant 3.4-4.7, number of tuber per plant 4.1-7.7, tuber yield per plant 247.1-846.2 g, marketable tuber ratio 79.4-99.4%, discarded tuber ratio 0.6-5.7%, secondary structured tuber ratio 0.0-16.6%, total tuber yield 11.8-38.7 t, dry matter 19.2-21.6%, specific gravity 1.072-1.087 g cm3, and starch 13.2-15.9%. Besides, it was determined that the optimum irrigation x potassium interaction was achieved at I100xK3 and I100xK4 in terms of plant and yield parameters, and I33xK3 and I33 x K4 in terms of tuber quality parameters. In our work, we concluded that a water need of average 590-720 mm (not including the effective rainfall amount) and potassium supply of 120-160 kg ha-1 in Central Anatolia will be optimal for the potato cultivation. The findings of this study will contribute to potato cultivation practices by providing proper information about the optimal irrigation need and potassium dose.