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    Performance Analysis of Wearable and Flexible Humidity Sensor Integrated to Face Mask for Respiration Monitoring
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Tekcin, Meltem; Kuzubasoglu, Burcu Arman; Sayar, Ersin; Yalcin, Mehmet Kursat; Bahadir, Senem Kursun
    In this study, PEDOT:PSS conductive polymer printed flexible humidity sensor has been designed and fabricated to sense human respiration monitoring. PEDOT:PSS with conductive ink specifically formulated in our study, was printed on polyamide-based taffeta label fabric by an inkjet printing method. The sensitivity of the printed humidity sensor has been tested under different humidity levels inside a humidity chamber. Then, the sensor has been integrated into a face mask in order to evaluate the respiration monitoring of a user who wears the face mask in a real environment. The sensing capability of the wearable sensor and its response against respiration monitoring was evaluated under various breathing conditions such as fast and deep breathing, differentiating nose and mouth breathing. Owing to its flexible structure and printability onto textile, the wearable printed humidity sensor has the potential to be used for healthcare applications particularly for capturing user biomedical data. © 2021 IEEE.
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    Wearable and Flexible Humidity Sensor Integrated to Disposable Diapers for Wetness Monitoring and Urinary Incontinence
    (Mdpi, 2022) Tekcin, Meltem; Sayar, Ersin; Yalcin, Mehmet Kursat; Bahadir, Senem Kursun
    Disposable diapers are widely used by individuals with urinary incontinence. Diapers should be checked frequently for elderly, disabled, and hospital patients. Wet diapers that are not changed properly can cause health problems. The importance of electronic devices that provide warning in case of wetness is increasing in health monitoring. A disposable and wearable printed humidity sensor was designed and fabricated to detect wetness. The sensor was printed on polyamide-based taffeta label fabric by the inkjet printing method using specifically formulated PEDOT:PSS-based conductive polymer ink. The sensor sensitivity was tested under different relative humidity levels inside a controlled chamber. The resistance of the sensor decreased from 17.05 +/- 0.05 M Omega to 2.09 +/- 0.06 M Omega as the relative humidity increased from 35 to 100%, while the moisture value of the fabric increased from 4.8 to 23%. The response and recovery times were 42 s and 82 s. This sensor was integrated into the adult diaper to evaluate wetness. The sensor resistance change comparing to the dry state resistance (15.52 M Omega) was determined as 3.81 M Omega to 13.62 M Omega by dripping 0.1 mL to 100 mL salty water on the diaper. Due to its flexible structure and low-cost printability onto fabric, the wearable printed humidity sensor has the potential to be used as a disposable sensor for healthcare applications, particularly for urinary incontinence and capturing wetness in diapers.