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Öğe Calculation of retention indices of essential oils with the aid of the Van den Dool and Kratz equation and Bezier curves(Wiley, 2024) Battaloglu, RifatThe aim of this article is to study the relationships and models among the Van den Dool and Kratz equation, the gas chromatography (GC), and the Bezier curves constructed by aid of the Bernstein polynomials. Another aim of this article is to introduce open problems that contribute to real-world problems involving mathematics, chemistry, and plant biology, including the Van den Dool and Kratz equation, the GC, and Bezier curves. Searching for the solutions of these problems may have qualities that will create the potential that can enter the field of study of many researchers. As a result of these goals, the usability of Bezier curves was investigated while determining the chemical composition of essential oil obtained from Potentilla aladaghensis Leblebici, by applying the retention index from the Van den Dool and Kratz equation and evaluating chemical compositions of the essential oil are characterized by GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The Van den Dool and Kratz equation results have the potential to be used not only in the chemical compositions of the oils but also in applied mathematics and other fields. Moreover, we construct a new special finite sum. A lower bound and inequality are also given for the finite special sum involving the dead time associated with the isocratic step. Some applications and criticisms are given that include this lower bound and inequality for these sums and its effects on the chemical compositions of essential oil and the Van den Dool and Kratz equation.Öğe Component Analysis and Determination of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Euphorbia macroclada Boiss (Nigde, Turkey)(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2013) Battaloglu, Rifat; Candar, Sabri; Yalcin, M. Gurhan; Yalcin, FusunThis study reports the heavy metal concentration of the plant macroclada boiss belonging to the Euphorbia type. Twenty stations which have different distances and different heights to the highway were chosen for this study from the separation of Nigde-Adana D750 highway Ali Hoca and Maden Village to Maden Village (Nigde, Turkey). The Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb concentrations of the sediment and plant samples got from those stations were studied through the ICP-OES technique. According to the arithmetic mean of the chemical analyses results, the highest values are Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni and Cd in earth; Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb and Cd in plants. The maximum values were shown in Cd: S1; Cr: S3; Cu: S10; Ni: S1; Pb: S3 stations in the earth and in Cd: S1; Cr: S1; Cu: S1; Ni: S1; Pb: S1stations in the plants. A high relationship level was defined between Cd vs. Cr, Ni, Pb; Cr vs. Ni, Pb and Ni vs. Pb in the earth and between Cd vs. Cr, Cu, Pb; Cr vs. Cu, Ni, Pb; Cu vs. Pb and Ni vs. Pb in the plants. According to the component analysis, the first factor is Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and the second factor is Cu. On the other hand, the only factor represented the whole in the plants. The Model Summary analysis results in the earth is R-2 = 0,909 %, in the plant R-2 = 0,907 % and the samples were explained on a relatively high level. It was thought that the origins of the heavy metals showing positive high level relation are the same and the analysis area of Nigde-Adana D750 intercity highway are affected negatively due to the traffic.Öğe Determination of Urinary Calcium and Magnesium Levels by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry in Hypertensive Patients(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2012) Battaloglu, Rifat; Kayakirilmaz, Kadriye; Bayol, EmelUrinary Magnesium and calcium excretion has been determined in 36 patients suffering from hypertension compared with 31 age and gender Matched normotensive control subject living in Nigde. Overnight urine samples were collected. Magnesium and calcium were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The differences in urinary calcium excretion between normotensive (171.3 +/- 11.9 mg/day) and hypertensive (151.3 +/- 13.0 mg/day) and urinary magnesium excretion between normotensive (40.1 +/- 4.1 mg/day) and hypertensive (46.8 +/- 12 mg/day) were not significants (p > 0.05).Öğe Heavy metal contamination along the Nigde-Adana highway, Turkey(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2007) Yalcin, M. Gurhan; Battaloglu, Rifat; Ilhan, Semiha; Tumuklu, Ali; Topuz, DervisThis study was conducted on the route of D805 and D750 state highways and TEM E90 motorway connecting the Nigde and Adana cities in central and southern Anatolia. The aim of study is to determine the heavy metal contamination in upper level of soil along the D805, D750 and TEM highways. Heavy metal concentrations were measured with Spectro-Xepos Benchtop X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. Results of heavy metal analyses on soil samples reveal a significant contamination. It was determined that heavy metal accumulation is closely associated with traffic intensity. The heavy metal ranges and averages for soil samples at D805, D750 and TEM E90 roads were found as 16980-62790/37907.76, 17.8-98.6 /43.62, 20-217/71.65, 56.5-405.9/165.55, 3.6-5.1/4.33, 75.5-596.2/175.76, 169-1167/554.9, 24-79/39.47, 316-1289/764.97, 1830-5048/3088.23, 6.8-15/8.56, 22-26/23.89, 2.8-63.4/13.86 mg/kg for Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr, Co, Mn, Ti, Sri, Mo and As elements, respectively. In this study, all heavy metal contents to have a toxic effect.Öğe Heavy metal sources in sultan marsh and its neighborhood, kayseri, turkey(SPRINGER, 2007) Yalcin, M. Gurhan; Battaloglu, Rifat; Ilhan, SemihaSultan Marsh (Turkey) is one of the largest wet lands of the Middle East and Europe. The aim of this study was to determine average concentrations of heavy metals, variations of the obtained values in a large scale, geogenic and anthropogenic sources of the pollution and effects of the pollution on the environment in Sultan Marsh. To these aims, a total of 176 surface soil samples (0-10 cm depth) were collected from 80 ha land in Sultan Marsh. Using a bench-top Spectro-Xepos X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, we analyzed all samples to determine the near-total concentrations of 26 chemical elements. Basic and multivariate statistics were used for statistical analyses. GIS mapping, a powerful tool for identifying possible sources of pollutants, was used to classify and identify the elements. Relatively high concentrations of the elements Fe, Pb, Zn, Sb, W, Mo, Co, Cu, Hg, Ni, Cr, Mn and Cd were found in Sultan Marsh, surrounding rocks (geogenic sources), mines of Fe and Pb/Zn, industrial facilities, residential and agricultural areas and major traffic routes (anthropogenic sources).Öğe Inivestigation-of heavy metals pollution along the Nigde-Kayseri road, Turkey(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2007) Yalcin, M. Gurhan; Battaloglu, RifatThe study area comprises the D765 state road connecting Nigde and Kayseri cities in the central Anatolia. The aim of this study is to determine the heavy metal contamination in off roadside soils along the D765 state road. Heavy metal concentrations were measured with Spectro-Xepos Benchtop X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. Results of heavy metal analyses on soil samples reveal a significant contamination. Average heavy metal concentrations and standard deviations of samples collected from off roadside soils along the D765 state road are as follows: As: 27.90 (7.64), Cd: 3.99 (0.35), Cc: 35.80 (2.19), Cr: 158.33 (46.27), Cu: 48.37 (24.73), Fe: 31516.83 (6545.26), Mn: 771.83 (121.4 1), Mo: 28.52 (5.51), Ni: 118.11 (27.90), Pb: 107.49 (37.90), Sn: 6.34 (1.35), Ti: 3369.87 (1172.44)-Zn: 135.64 (3142) mg/kg. In this Study, among the heavy metals, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni and Pb are toxic metals. Heavy metal accumulations in soil were determined to be closely associated with traffic intensity.Öğe INVESTIGATION OF USE IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT OF NANOFIBERS OBTAINED FROM OSAGE ORANGE FRUIT(STEF92 TECHNOLOGY LTD, 2016) Ilk, Sedef; Battaloglu, Rifat; Yalcin, M. Gurhan; Ozgen, MustafaThe aim of this study was to prepare electrospun chitosan-based nanofiber mats and to incorporate the fruit extracts of Osage Orange (Madura Pomifera) into the mats. Chitosan-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid/polyvinyl alcohol (CS-EDTA/PVA) was selected as the polymers. The osage orange extracts with 3 wt% were incorporated into the CS-EDTA/PVA solution and electrospun to obtain nanofibers. The morphology and diameters of the mats were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical bonding properties were investigated by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Finally, the sorption potential of Osage Orange loaded nanofibers for the removal of common metallic pollutants, cadmium (Cd2+), cobalt (Co2+), copper (Cu2+), nickel (Ni2+) and lead (Pb2+) was also investigated. The results indicated that the diameters of the fibers were on the nanoscale and that no crystals of the extract were observed in the mats. Osage Orange loaded chitosan based nanofiber adsorbent presented good absorption capacity for all tested metals ranged between 29-34%. In conclusion, our experiments demonstrated that biomaterials composed of osage orange loaded CS EDTA nanofibers have a potential adsorbent for heavy metal.Öğe Nutritional and zinc levels in serum and hair of university students in Nigde, Turkey(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2007) Oztuerk, Zeynep Alan; Battaloglu, Rifat; Kayakirilmaz, Kadriye; Aksoy, Meral; Bayol, EmelThis research has been designed for the determination of the nutritional status of university students, in particular reference to dietary zinc amount taken. The aim was to find out reflection of dietary zinc to that of serum and hair zinc contents. Forty volunteers' students of Nigde University (24 females and 16 males) participated in the first step of research. Three years later, 17 females and 10 males. from this group participated for the second stage of research. Students' nutritional status was evaluated according to their food consumption and physical examination. After analyzing the collected blood and hair samples, the mineral status was also evaluated. At the two steps of research no one had any serious mineral and other nutrients deficiencies. Only one female student having mineral deficiency at the first step of work recovered after the treatment. Regression analysis showed that there was a statistically significant correlation between dietary zinc concentration and hair and serum mineral levels (r(diet-hair) = 0.500, n = 40, p < 0.01, r(diet-serum) = 0.470, n = 40, p < 0.01).Öğe Nutritional status and calcium levels in serum and urine of primary hypertensives and normotensives(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2008) Kayakirilmaz, Kadriye; Bayol, Emel; Yilmaz, Hatice Bal; Ozgun, Hacer Kutluk; Ozbek, Tulay; Topuz, Dervis; Battaloglu, RifatThis research has been designed for the determination of the nutritional status, serum and urinary calcium (UCa) levels and correlation between UCa and blood pressure (BP). 31 Volunteers' patients with essential hypertension (HT) and 31 age- and gender-matched normotensive (NT) control subjects living in Ankara and Nigde from Turkey have participated in this study. 62 Subjects' 24 h urinary samples were collected. Besides, for determination of the correlation between 24 h UCa and overnight UCa (12 h UCa), 38 urine samples (9 patients and 29 control subjects) were collected. Nutritional status was evaluated according to their food consumption and physical examination. After analyzing the collected blood and urinary samples, the mineral status was also evaluated. Urinary and serum Ca levels were determined by flame atomic adsorption spectroscopy. The mean 24 h urinary Ca excretion rates (24 h UCaV) in hypertensive and normotensive subjects were 101 +/- 69 and 128 +/- 85 mg/day, respectively (n = 62, t = 1.378, p > 0.05). The mean serum Ca levels in HT was significantly decreased when compared with the controls (n = 26, t = 2.54, p < 0.05). In NT subjects systolic blood pressure (SBP) correlated positively with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (r = 0.588) and UCaV (r = 0.516) and negatively with dietary Ca (r = -0.617, for all p < 0.05). In NT group DBP correlated positively with body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.05). In HT subjects, SBP correlated positively with DBP (r = 0.741) and negatively with serum Ca (r = -0.633), DBP also correlated negatively with serum Ca (r = 0.727). Among the 38 subjects, overnight calcium excretion rate (12 h UCaV) was correlated with the 24 h UCaV (y = 0.8279x + 42.735, r = 0.81, R-2 0.653, p < 0.05).Öğe On New Formulas of Fibonacci and Lucas Numbers Involving Golden Ratio Associated with Atomic Structure in Chemistry(Mdpi, 2021) Battaloglu, Rifat; Simsek, YilmazThe main purpose of this paper is to give many new formulas involving the Fibonacci numbers, the golden ratio, the Lucas numbers, and other special numbers. By using generating functions for the special numbers with their functional equations method, we also give many new relations among the Fibonacci numbers, the Lucas numbers, the golden ratio, the Stirling numbers, and other special numbers. Moreover, some applications of the Fibonacci numbers and the golden ratio in chemistry are given.Öğe Statistical approach by factor and cluster analysis on origin of elements from the Hamit Plutonic (Turkey) rock samples(Maden Tetkik Ve Arama Genel Mudurlugu-Mta, 2019) Yalcin, Fusun; Nyamsari, Daniel G.; Ilbeyli, Nurdane; Battaloglu, RifatThe Hamit pluton forms part of the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex. It is located N-NE of Kaman (Kirsehir). It covers an area of about 120 km(2). The geochemical contents of 63 rock samples collected from this pluton were analyzed for their origin, homogeneity and relationship with crustal rocks. Their element contents were determined by using X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy. The samples were divided into 2 major groups based on their similarities: Group 1 contained 63.5% of the samples and indicated they were formed from melts whose contents might have evolved greatly due to crustal assimilation; while the 36.5% of samples belonged to Group 2, and show minimal evolution of the melt. According to the variation in K/Rb ratio versus SiO2 and the Rb/Zr versus SiO2 the initial melt had experience great evolution due to crustal assimilation. The initial melt is considered to have contained most of SiO2, TiO2, Fe2O3, MnO, MgO, CaO, P2O5, Sr, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Ba, Nd, Sc and V that formed the pluton, while majority of the Al2O3, Nb, Zr, U, Th, Pb, Ga, Rb, Ce and La are considered to have been derived from crustal contamination, and almost all of Na2O, K2O and Y are considered to have originated from crustal assimilation.Öğe Synthesis and Characterization of New vic-Dioximes with Benzo-15-crown-5 Derivatives and Their Nickel(II), Copper(II), Cobalt(II) Complexes(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2012) Battaloglu, Rifat; Pekacar, A. Ihsan; Yildiz, Y. KemalBenzo-15-crown-5-p-toluidino-glyoxime (1) and N(1-naphthy)amino-benzo-15-crown-5-glyoxime (2) were synthesized by classical methods. Their structures were confirmed by spectral techniques. Both of them were capable of forming complexes with various metal ions (Co2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+). The structure of the complexes was confirmed by FT-IR, mass spectra and elemental analyses.Öğe SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN/CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES(STEF92 TECHNOLOGY LTD, 2016) Ilk, Sedef; Yalcin, M. Gurhan; Battaloglu, Rifat; Ozgen, MustafaClay-based bionanocomposites have gained great attention due to their nanosized functional properties and safe natural structures. Combination at the nanometric scale of the increased surface areas and reactive surfaces of clays with the functional behavior of biopolymers has been pointed out as an attractive way to develop organic-inorganic nanohybrid materials with properties that are inherent to both types of components. In this study a natural-based nanocomposite film consisting of chitosan and organic clay was synthesized. Montmorillonite modified with octadecylamine (ODA-MMT) was used as an organically modified layered silicate. The nanocomposite was prepared by mixing a acetic acid suspension of ODA-MMT with a solution containing chitosan as the macroscopic polymer matrix. The effect of ODA-MMT content (0.5-3%) on the structure and antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposite have been investigated. The interactions between the chitosan matrix and ODA-MMT at different conditions were evaluated using SEM, TEM, XRD and DSC analysis. The results indicated that the formation of exfoliated nanostructure and the thermal stability of nanocomposites was improved within increased loading of nano-dispersed clay in matrix. Antimicrobial activity of chitosan/ODA-MMT nanocomposites was evaluated using disc diffusion method against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia colt ATCC 25922 and Salmonella spp. (Laboratory stock). The antimicrobial activity studies of the nanocomposites showed that the nanocomposites could more strongly inhibit the growth of the tested Gram-positive bacteria than Gram negative bacteria. The inhibitory effect of nanocomposites on microorganisms increased with the increasing content of ODA-MMT. The results showed that the strong antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites may be related to the interaction and the fine dispersion between chitosan and clay.
