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Öğe A PROMISING AND COST EFFECTIVE SURFACE STERILIZING METHOD FOR SWEET POTATO (IPOMOEA BATATASE.) CULTIVATED IN OPEN ENVIRONMENT(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Bakhsh, Allah; Hussain, Tahira; Caliskan, Mehmet EminSweet potato is an important staple food and industrial material crop in the world. The crop is favored by resource poor farmers due to its good performance under adverse farming conditions, peak productivity in small farming areas and high carbohydrate and vitamin contents. The advances in genetic engineering technologies have helped the researchers to modify sweet potato to encode insect, herbicide and virus resistant traits. The efficient surface sterilization method is pre requisite for successful genetic improvement in sweet potato. We report an efficient, cost effective surface sterilization procedure of sweet potato seedlings collected from green house as well as field conditions for the initiation of in vitro culture. The seedlings from six sweet potato breeding lines were used to serve the purpose. Earlier, common bleach (NaOCl) was used to sterile sweet potato terminal buds to study their effectiveness in preventing microbial growth. Fungi and bacteria were most common microbial contaminants observed in cultures. Later on, the use of H2O2 in combination with ethanol resulted in relatively less contamination. The treatment of sweet potato ex plants with 70% ethanol for 5 min, 0.5% Mancozeb (Dithiocarbamate) for 5 min, followed by 5% hydrogen peroxide 5 mins resulted in suppressing microbial contaminations. This is the first report of the use of Mancozeb in combination with H2O2 for successful in vitro culture studies of sweet potato using explants from open environment. These findings will help to alleviate much burden associated with initiation of sweet potato cultures especially grown in field conditions.Öğe Assessing genetic diversity of potato genotypes using inter-PBS retrotransposon marker system(Cambridge Univ Press, 2018) Demirel, Ufuk; Tindas, IlKnur; Yavuz, Caner; Baloch, Faheem Shehzad; Caliskan, Mehmet EminHaving knowledge on genetic similarity and DNA profile of potato genotypes facilitates a breeder's decision for parent selection and provides accurate variety identification. Fingerprinting and identification of genetic similarity among 151 potato genotypes were achieved using an inter-primer-binding sites (iPBS) retrotransposon marker system. Our study is the first application of iPBS markers for fingerprinting and distinguishing large numbers of Solanum tuberosum genotypes. Initially, 16 potato genotypes were screened using 45 iPBS retrotransposon markers to identify polymorphisms. Seventeen of these primers were selected for fingerprinting the whole set of accessions due to strong, reproducible and polymorphic bands. The 17 iPBS primers produced 290 scorable bands of which 224 were polymorphic. The number of bands per primer ranged from 10 to 26 with an average of 17.1. The number of polymorphic bands per primer was between 6 and 21. The polymorphism percentage per primer ranged from 46.2 to 100.0% with an average of 77.2% per primer. The mean polymorphism information content (PIC) values of iPBS primers varied from 0.12 to 0.31 per primer. Genetic similarity based on Jaccard's coefficient of potato genotypes ranged from 0.61 to 0.93 with an average of 0.73. The data produced herein may be used for selection of appropriate parents and variety description in the future. The findings of the present study suggest that iPBS retrotransposons are powerful and easy DNA markers for fingerprinting the large samples of potato germplasm.Öğe Association mapping reveals novel genomic regions controlling some root and stolon traits in tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)(Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Yousaf, Muhammad Farhan; Demirel, Ufuk; Naeem, Muhammad; Caliskan, Mehmet EminTuber crops have measurable biological variation in root and stolon phenotyping and thus may be utilized to identify genomic regions associated with these variations. This is the first comprehensive association mapping study related to potato root and stolon traits. A diverse panel of 192 tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes were grown in aeroponics to reveal a biologically significant variation and detection of genomic regions associated with the root and stolon traits. Phenotyping of root traits was performed by image analysis software WinRHIZO (a root scanning method), and stolon traits was measured manually, while SolCAP 25K potato array was used for genotyping. Significant variation was observed between the potato genotypes for root and stolon traits along with high heritabilities (0.80 in TNS to 0.95 in SL). For marker-trait associations, Q + K linear mixed model was implemented and 50 novel genomic regions were detected. Significantly associated SNPs with stolon traits were located on chr 4, chr 6, chr 7, chr 9, chr 11 and chr 12, while those linked to root traits on chr 1, chr 2, chr 3, chr 9, chr 11, and chr 12. Structure and PCA analysis grouped genotypes into four sub-populations disclosing population genetic diversity. LD decay was observed at 2.316 Mbps (r(2) = 0.29) in the population. The identified SNPs were associated with genes performing vital functions such as root signaling and signal transduction in stress environments (GT-2 factors, protein kinases SAPK2-like and protein phosphatases StPP1), transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation (RNA-binding proteins), sucrose synthesis and transporter families (UGPase, Sus3, SuSy, and StSUT1) and PVY resistance (Ry sto). The findings of our study can be employed in future breeding programs for improvement in potato production.Öğe Combined drought and heat stresses trigger different sets of miRNAs in contrasting potato cultivars(Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Gokce, Zahide Neslihan Ozturk; Aksoy, Emre; Bakhsh, Allah; Demirel, Ufuk; Caliskan, Sevgi; Caliskan, Mehmet EminMicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that are responsible for regulation of gene expression during plant growth and development. Although there are many studies on miRNAs in other plants, little work has been done to understand the role of miRNAs in abiotic stress tolerance in potatoes. This study investigates changes in miRNA profiles of two different potato cultivars (tolerant, Unica and susceptible, Russet Burbank) in response to heat, drought and their combination. Transcriptomic studies revealed that miRNA profiles depend on the susceptibility and tolerance of the cultivar and also the stress conditions. Large number of miRNAs were expressed in Unica, whereas Russet Burbank indicated lesser number of changes in miRNA expression. Physiological and transcriptional results clearly supported that Unica cultivar is tolerant to combined drought and heat stress compared to Russet Burbank. Moreover, psRNATarget analysis predicted that major miRNAs identified were targeting genes playing important roles in response to drought and heat stress and their important roles in genetic and post-transcriptional regulation, root development, auxin responses and embryogenesis were also observed. This study focused on eight miRNAs (Novel_8, Novel_9, Novel_105, miR156d-3p, miR160a-5p, miR162a-3p, miR172b-3p and miR398a-5p) and their putative targets where results indicate that they may play a vital role at different post-transcriptional levels against drought and heat stresses. We suggest that miRNA overexpression in plants can lead to increased tolerance against abiotic stresses; furthermore, there should be more emphasis on the studies to investigate the role of miRNAs in combined abiotic stress in plants.Öğe Comparison of Aeroponics and Conventional Potato Mini Tuber Production Systems at Different Plant Densities(Springer, 2021) Caliskan, Mehmet Emin; Yavuz, Caner; Yagiz, Ayten Kubra; Demirel, Ufuk; Caliskan, SevgiMini tubers are the starting materials of a disease-free seed potato production scheme. Low multiplication rates as well as non-homogenous tuber size distribution are considered the main constraints of a conventional mini tuber production system. In recent years, an aeroponics production system has been developed to overcome the aforementioned problems. It has previously been observed that this system allows multiple harvests with an average yield of 20-50 mini tubers per plant. Several factors, such as cultivar, planting density, nutrient composition of the mist solution, spraying interval and duration and lighting also affect both tuber number and tuber size. However, less attention has been paid to the association of these factors with the aeroponics system. This paper highlights the importance of planting density effect on conventional and aeroponics system. The mini tuber production performances of three potato cultivars (Hermes, Marabel and Sante) were compared at four different planting densities (25, 50, 100 and 200 plants/m(2)) under both conventional and aeroponics systems in two production cycles. The number of tubers per plant increased with decreasing planting density, being highest at 25 plants/m(2)and lowest at 200 plants/m(2)for both cycles. Mean tuber number in the aeroponic system was 19.85 tubers per plant at 25 plants/m(2)and 13.20 tubers per plant at 200 plants/m(2). As the number of tubers per plant decreased, so did their size. As planting density increased, tuber yield per plant both in aeroponics and conventional system decreased, but in general, tuber yield per plant was higher in aeroponics than in the conventional system. In the 1st cycle, the number of tubers per m(2)for Hermes, Sante and Marabel was 290, 364 and 334, respectively, in the conventional system and 787, 1021 and 1168, respectively, in the aeroponics system. Similar numbers were recorded in the 2nd cycle. The average tuber weight was higher in the conventional than in the aeroponics system. Tuber yield/m(2)in this study varied from 5.9 to 9.3 kg/m(2)in the aeroponics system, about twice as high as in the conventional system.Öğe COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR DRY MATTER CONTENT DETERMINATION IN POTATO USING MULTI-ENVIRONMENTS FIELD DATA AND STABILITY STATISTICS(Soc Field Crop Sci, 2020) Naeem, Muhammad; Caliskan, Mehmet EminTuber dry matter content (TDM) is considered as the main determinant of processed potato tuber quality. In order to investigate rapid, practicable and reliable methods for the measurement of TDM, a study was planned to compare three standard methods (digital potato hydrometer, moisture-drying on quartz seasand and oven-dry) among 189 diverse potato genotypes, grown under three environmental conditions (Hatay standard water application, Konya standard water application and Konya drought conditions). ANOVA revealed highly significant differences (p<0.01) in all treatments among tests, checks and tests vs check genotypes. Environmental conditions significantly affect the TDM, while methods showed differential response within the tested environments. A strong correlation (r) and high goodness of fit (R-2) was observed between seasand and hydrometer methods as compared to oven-dry method. Wide applicability and reliability of seasand and hydrometer methods were also confirmed by stability statistics. This study recommends seasand as an accurate and hydrometers as rapid method in contrast to oven dry method for the measurement of TDM. Parametric stability methods such as bi and S-di(2) identified stable genotypes with optimum TDM, that can serve as a useful resource for breeding of processing cultivars.Öğe Comparison of organic and traditional production systems in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)(2013) Caliskan, Sevgi; Erdogan, Cahit; Arslan, Mehmet; Caliskan, Mehmet EminYield and yield components, and protein content of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) were compared in traditional and organic production systems since organic farming has many advantages on environment, animal and human health over traditional production systems. In the study, organic production system, green manure, farmyard manure and effective microorganisms and their combinations were tested as six treatments. Seed yield and some yield components were found higher in the traditional production system than those of organic production systems. The highest protein content was obtained in green manure and farmyard manure applications. Among the organic production systems, green manure and farmyard manure applications could be strongly recommended for organic chickpea producer since the highest seed yields with 2729 in 2007 and 3838 kg ha -1 in 2008 were found in green manure + farmyard manure treatment among the organic production systems.Öğe CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Reduced Expression of Potato Apoplastic Invertase Inhibitor Gene and Analysis of Transformation Efficiency Parameters(Springer, 2024) Das Dangol, Sarbesh; Caliskan, Mehmet Emin; Bakhsh, AllahPathogen infections that affect potato yield cause severe economic losses every year. Many studies point to the role of apoplastic (cell wall) invertase (CWIN) enzyme in plant defence mechanisms. Apoplastic invertase inhibitor (INVINH1) post-translationally regulates the CWIN enzyme activity. Nevertheless, the role of INVINH1 needs to be elucidated for several effects in plant transformation parameters and its gene expression which we sought to explore using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In this study, we sequenced the first exon of INVINH1 gene in cv. Desiree and Solanum chacoense M6. We identified in the first exon two alleles for StINVINH1 gene in cv. Desiree and one allele for ScINVINH1 gene in S. chacoense M6. We designed two single-guided RNAs (sgRNAs) to target INVINH1 gene from diploid S. chacoense M6 and tetraploid S. tuberosum cv. Desiree using CRISPR/Cas9-based technology. In our earlier study, we have already optimised the transformation protocol for M6 and cv. Desiree using Agrobacterium strains, based on which Agrobacterium strain AGL1 was chosen for the CRISPR/Cas9 experiment. Our experimentation showed that heat stress at 37 degrees C could increase the mutagenesis capability and CRISPR/Cas9 targeting affected the plant transformation parameters. It was found from the knockout experiment that the indels were present in the calli and the candidate regenerated plants showed reduced gene expression level conducted via RT-qPCR. Our study demonstrated that INVINH1 targeting affected the calli induction and regeneration rates, was effective under heat stress and reduced its gene expression level. More studies are required to comprehend the function of the INVINH1 enzyme in potato stress response and defence mechanism.Öğe Development of Transgenic Potato Lines Expressing Ecdysone Receptor Gene of Colorado Potato Beetle(Springer, 2018) Bakhsh, Allah; Hussain, Tahira; Aasim, Muhammad; Pirlak, Ugur; Aksoy, Emre; Caliskan, Mehmet Emin[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Effect of Drought Stress on Morphological and Yield Characteristics of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Breeding Lines(Springer, 2024) Ibrahim, Sani Ibrahim; Naawe, Eric Kuopuobe; Caliskan, Mehmet EminAbiotic stresses are the major constraint that limits the productivity of potatoes. Among all the major abiotic stresses, drought is the main stress that is increasing on a yearly basis. Therefore, the current field study was conducted to evaluate the morphological and yield characteristics of 29 potato genotypes. Plants were divided into control and drought stress groups, and plants were acclimatized to drought stress 45 days after sowing (DAS). The irrigation regime was maintained at 3-day interval for control group plants, while for the drought stress treatment, the field was irrigated at 6-day interval. Performance of potato plants was observed by measuring morpho-physiological and yield traits that included canopy temperature, chlorophyll contents, growth duration, plant height, stand establishment, and number of stems per plant. Finally, potato tuber traits were measured (number of tubers, tuber weight, and marketable tuber weight). All potato breeding lines showed contrasting behaviour in response to drought stress. Results showed that potato breeding lines 7, 9, 11, 20, 12, 16, 22, 21, 10, and 18 suggested tolerance as they showed the least reduction in yield characteristics, whereas genotypes 1, 26, 24, 4, 27, 6, 8, 29, 23, 26, 3, and 5 showed poor performance as they failed to cope with stress conditions. Broad sense heritability showed 77% variability that suggested decreased effect of environment on potato genotypes for the selection of high-yielding tubers. The resilient potato breeding lines showed the potential to be stably used as potato breeding material for stress tolerance. These tolerant lines can be used by future breeding programmes to develop resilient cultivars to cope with drought stress problems and to ensure food security.Öğe Effects of Elevated Temperature on Agronomic, Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Potato Genotypes: 1. Agronomic and Morphological traits(Springer, 2024) Naawe, Eric Kuopuobe; Koeken, Ibrahim; Aytekin, Ramazan Ilhan; Gleku, Olivet Delasi; Caliskan, Sevgi; Caliskan, Mehmet EminGlobal elevated temperatures create uncertainties in crop yield production and sustainability, threatening potatoes' food security and sustainability roles. This has been among the primary research concerns necessitating the need to evaluate potato genotypes' response to elevated temperature under field conditions. This study assessed potato genotypes' agronomic and morphological responses to elevated temperatures. The experiments were conducted under field conditions in the 2022 and 2023 cropping seasons in a split-plot design. Two heat treatments were applied; a control treatment in which the plants received the field temperature of the experimental station, and a heat treatment in which the plants received a temperature of + 6.0-10.0 degrees C depending on the date and time of day. The agronomic and morphological traits evaluated included tuber yield, mean tuber weight, days to emergence, plant height, number of stems per plant, days to physiological maturity, and tuber size distribution. The results showed significant (P < 0.01) variations in the potato genotypes in response to elevated temperature in all traits except days to emergence. Elevated temperature promoted plant height by 36.94%, and days to physiological maturity by 2.55%, while reducing the number of stems per plant by 11.77% and days to emergence by 2.31%. Furthermore, elevated temperature increased total tuber yield by 25.38%, the number of tubers per plant by 18.75%, mean tuber weight by 8.89%, third-class tuber size distribution by 25.95% and malformed tuber ratio by 1.98%, while decreasing first-class tuber size distribution by 10.11%, second-class size distribution by 1.70% and marketable tuber yield by 4.22%. The results of this study demonstrated the impact of heat stress on potato tuber yield and size distribution. The study showed that temperatures around 27.0 degrees C to 33.0 degrees C effectively promoted total tuber yield, number of tubers per plant and mean tuber weight; thus, an increase in temperature within the effective range of potato plants promoted yield and yield-related components. This study demonstrates that open-sided field chambers can be a screening tool for heat tolerance of potato genotypes under field conditions. Potato genotypes with less variation in the traits between the heat and control treatment demonstrate heat tolerance and could be used as selection markers for heat-tolerant genotypes.Öğe Effects of Growth Regulators, Media and Explant Types on Microtuberization of Potato(Springer, 2020) Yagiz, Ayten Kubra; Yavuz, Caner; Tarim, Cehibe; Demirel, Ufuk; Caliskan, Mehmet EminMicrotubers (MT) are an innovative approach for nuclear seed production in potato (Solanum tuberosumL.). They are produced under in vitro conditions using different protocols. However, content and type of growth media as well as explant types significantly affect the MT production efficiency. This study was conducted to develop an efficient protocol for MT production by evaluating different growth regulators at different concentrations, types of growth media and explants in two separate experiments. In Experiment 1, the effects of six different growth regulators, and their three application rates on MT formation were compared. The effects of two growth media and three explant types on MT production were compared in Experiment 2. As a result, our studies indicated that cotton based liquid MS medium containing 0.1 mg L(-1)Thidiazuron, and using whole plants as explant can be used for efficient MT production in potato.Öğe Expression of Jaburetox 2-Ec in Potato Encodes Resistance Against Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)(Springer, 2024) Tekinsoy, Merve; Bakhsh, Allah; Caliskan, Mehmet EminThe tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta Meyrick is the most serious pest of potato worldwide. In the present study, we explored an alternate approach to induce resistance in potatoes against T. absoluta by engineering Jaburetox-2Ec, an insecticidal peptide derived from an isoform of urease from Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.). The construct was developed by cloning a PCR-amplified fragment of Jaburetox-2Ec (270 bp) in a pBIN61 vector under the control of a 35S promoter and was named pBIN-JBTX. Furthermore, the recombinant plasmid expressing Jaburetox-2Ec was transformed into potato cv. Lady Olympia using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105. The results showed the proper integration of the T-DNA region in primary transformants. Quantitative PCR assays showed the independent transgenic lines had enhanced transcript levels of Jaburetox. The leaf biotoxicity assays were performed by releasing pre-starved 2nd, 3rd, and 4th instar larvae of T. absoluta on transgenic potato plants. As a result, depending on the larval stage, the mortality rate of larvae feeding on transgenic plants ranged from 11 to 33%. Additionally, it was found that larvae feeding on control plants gained more weight than those feeding on transgenic plants. Besides that, deformities in larvae feeding on transgenic plants were also recorded. Overall, the results exhibited the insecticidal activity of Jaburetox 2-Ec against T. absoluta. The transgenic lines can be used as a source of germplasm for an efficient potato breeding programme.Öğe Genome editing of potato using CRISPR technologies: current development and future prospective(Springer, 2019) Das Dangol, Sarbesh; Barakate, Abdellah; Stephens, Jennifer; Caliskan, Mehmet Emin; Bakhsh, AllahPotato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has tremendous significance due to its nutritional quality. The mounting pressure of increasing population further reinforces its importance as potato is believed to be a vital crop to meet food needs for population growth. Although conventional approaches of breeding, irradiation/mutagens and introgression of quality and yield related traits have improved potato yield, biotic and abiotic stresses continue to impose crop damages. Modern tools such as CRISPR/Cas have assisted plant scientists in accelerating breeding processes by providing new, simple, versatile and robust technologies. These tools make it possible to eliminate traits that are involved in negative regulation of quality and yield parameters. Besides that, genes of interest can also be introduced in close proximity to specific loci that may remain linked throughout the generations. This review focuses on the endeavors, applications and prospects of CRISPR/Cas-based approaches in potato with the potential to increase sustainable crop productivity. Key message This manuscript focuses the endeavors, applications and prospects of CRISPR/Cas-based approaches in potato with the potential to increase sustainable crop productivity.Öğe Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) revealed a genetic basis associated with floral traits in potato germplasm(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Zia, Muhammad Abu Bakar; Demirel, Ufuk; Nadeem, Muhammad Azhar; Ali, Fawad; Dawood, Ahmad; Ijaz, Muhammad; Caliskan, Mehmet EminPotato is an important noncereal staple crop serving as a source of food for a large number of the world's population. Genomewide association study (GWAS) analysis has become a useful tool to uncover the genetic basis of important plant traits by revealing significant association with the trait of interest. The present study aimed to explore the phenotypic diversity and to identify the genetic basis associated with important floral traits. A total of 237 tetraploid potato genotypes were used as plant material, and field experiments were conducted according to augmented block design for two consecutive years (2016, 2017). Analysis of variance for the studied floral traits reflected highly significant genotypic effects. Mean data for both years revealed the significant variation for pistil length (5.53 to 9.92 mm), stamen length (6.04 to 9.26 mm), and pistil length above stamen (1.31 to 4.47 mm). Pearson's correlation analysis reflected a highly significant and positive correlation of pistil length with stamen length (r = 0.42) and pistil length above stamen (r = 0.28). Principal component analysis was performed, and the first two PCs were considered accounting for a total of 81.2% variation. Constellation plot divided the studied potato panel into two main populations on the basis of stamen and pistil length. A total of 12,720SNP markers were used for the marker-trait association, and a total of 15 markers were found significantly associated with studied traits across both years. Identifying the same markers across both years helped in the validation of the obtained marker-trait associations. The identified significant markers reflected some of the putative candidate genes that might be beneficial in potato breeding programs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study identifying the genetic basis of important floral traits and might be helpful to the scientific community interested in potato marker-assisted breeding in these traits.Öğe Genome-wide association study identifies various loci underlying agronomic and morphological traits in diversified potato panel(Springer, 2020) Zia, Muhammad Abu Bakar; Demirel, Ufuk; Nadeem, Muhammad Azhar; Caliskan, Mehmet EminPotato is one of the most important food crops all over the world. Breeding activities for this crop are mainly aimed to improve the quality and yield of tuber. However, genetic architecture of various traits contributing to the quality and yield of potato are not yet completely understood. Genome wide association studies provides a broader way to identify the genomic regions associated with various traits. Panels of 237 tetraploid potato genotypes from different countries were grown for two consecutive years 2016 and 2017 at experimental research area of Potato research center Nigde, Turkey. A genome wide association study using SolCAP 12K array was performed for various morpho-agronomic traits. Structure algorithm and neighborhood joining analysis clearly divided all genotypes into 4 clusters on the basis of their origin. For the marker trait association, Mixed Linear Model in TASSEL was performed and 36 genomic regions were found for the traits under study. The mean r(2) value was found to be 0.92 and mean significant LD was 47.5% in the populations. LD patterns reflected the breeding history of potato. The findings of present study provide a framework which could be useful for future potato breeding programs to enhance the production and to reduce the challenges in the coming years to feed world's population.Öğe Identification of BABY BOOM-like genes (SbBBM) in Sorghum [(Sorghum bicolor) L. Moench](Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Yavuz, Caner; Caliskan, Mehmet EminRecalcitrant plants are difficult to handle in tissue culture, and this limits their accessibility for various studies. Novel strategies are being developed to compensate the restricted nature of these plants to make them more adapted to tissue culture applications. Sorghum is one of the most recalcitrant plants with decreased efficiency and non-standardized tissue culture protocols. The advances in embryogenic genes ease the somatic embryo formation and regeneration ability in sorghum. BABY BOOM (BBM) is the most prominent transcription factor involved in somatic embryogenesis, even without exogenous auxin application, the spontaneous somatic embryo formation could occur in plants, which makes this gene(s) an optimal target for recalcitrant plants. This study is designed to characterize SbBBM-like genes in sorghum. Two similar length of protein pairs, SbBBM-like 1 (XP_021313568.1) and SbBBM-like 2 (XP_002452443.1), were identified in cv. Aldari and cis-regulatory elements of these proteins were observed to be involved in particularly light response and hormonal regulation. The protein -protein interaction data indicated possible role in auxin mechanism. The expression data showed SbBBM-like was highly expressed in seedling root and embryogenic callus, however the expression was highest in embryogenic callus for SbBBM-like 2 with almost 200-fold increase, compared to other tissues.Öğe Identification of BABY BOOM-like genes (SbBBM) in Sorghum [(Sorghum bicolor) L. Moench] (Sept, 10.1007/s42976-021-00210-9, 2021)(Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Yavuz, Caner; Caliskan, Mehmet Emin[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Individual and combined effect of drought and heat stresses in contrasting potato cultivars overexpressing miR172b-3p(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Asim, Arslan; Gokce, Zahide Neslihan Ozturk; Bakhsh, Allah; Cayli, Ilknur Tindas; Aksoy, Emre; Csliskan, Sevgi; Caliskan, Mehmet EminMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential players of plant defence systems because of their involvement in reprogramming gene expression under adverse environmental conditions including drought and heat, which are considered major players in limiting crop productivity. miR172b-3p was previously determined as a remarkable stress-responsive miRNA in our next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis in potato. This study aims to understand the functions of miR172b-3p and its target (ERTF RAP2-7-like) under drought, heat, and combined treatments by overexpressing the miR172b-3p in stress-tolerant (Unica) and sensitive (Russet Burbank) potato cultivars. miR172b-3p overexpression in transgenic lines suppressed the ERTF RAP2-7-like expression leading to enhanced carbon fixation efficiency. Meanwhile, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was reduced in both cultivars, proving that it is involved in the front-line tolerance mechanism against individual drought, heat, and their combination. In conclusion, our results prove that the stress tolerance could be enhanced by miR172b-3p-mediated negative regulation of ERTF RAP2-7-like gene in potato under drought, heat, and their combination. Our findings represent the first step towards the improvement of tolerance against multiple abiotic stresses in potato.Öğe Induction of chromosomal aberrations with ectopic expression of native BABY BOOM1 (GmBBM1) in soybean(Springer, 2024) Yavuz, Caner; Tek, Ahmet L.; Caliskan, Mehmet EminHaploid induction is of great importance in the breeding of cross-pollinated crops such as maize, and it also expedites the development of new varieties in a shorter period in self-pollinated crops, i.e. soybean. The success rate of traditional techniques is almost negligible at less than 1%, and their applicability is dependent on external factors in soybean. There is a lack of standardized and reproducible systems, which makes it challenging to adopt the existing systems for haploid plant production. Therefore, there is a high demand for implementing innovative approaches for this crop due to the limitations of conventional methods. The BABY BOOM (BBM) gene, which generated haploidy at high rates (> 80%) when expressed in pearl millet or through ectopic expression in the egg cells of rice, maize, and tobacco, is a novel example with promising potential. In this study, we used the egg cell-specific promoter DD45, which was cloned from Arabidopsis, to ectopically express the native soybean BBM1 (GmBBM1) gene in soybean to observe the response to haploidy induction. Initially, the clone pDD45:GmBBM1 was successfully constructed and confirmed by PCR and Sanger sequencing. The construct was subsequently transformed into soybean via a half-seed approach. The expression of GmBBM1 in both flowers and leaves increased in the T-0 transgenic soybean lines. The T-0 plants and their seeds showed developmental abnormalities described by early senescence and flowering; however, the T-1 plants exhibited normal growth characteristics. The ploidy levels of the T-1 and T-2 plants were determined by flow cytometry and chromosome counting. The flow cytometry histograms revealed haploidy in the T-1 generation; however, further chromosome counting in T-2 plants revealed changes in chromosome number, and aneuploidy, which may be due to spontaneous doubling. This system is especially important in legume crops, as no reports exist on the application of the BBM1 system in soybean. Our study will provide valuable insights for future research and advancing soybean breeding with haploid induction.
