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    Assessment of Genetic Damage in Buccal Epithelium Cells of Painters: Micronucleus, Nuclear Changes, and Repair Index
    (MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2010) Celik, Ayla; Diler, Songuel Budak; Eke, Dilek
    The micronucleus (MN) assay in exfoliated buccal cells is a useful and minimally invasive method for monitoring genetic damage in humans exposed to occupational and environmental agents. The MN test is used as an indicator of genotoxic exposition, since it is associated with chromosome aberrations. An increased mutation rate in oral squamous cells, which is indicated by an increased MN frequency, is also related to the development of oral mucosa diseases, such as carcinomas. We evaluated MN frequencies and other nuclear changes (NCs), karyorrhexis (KR), karyolysis (KL), broken egg (BE), and binucleus in buccal mucosa cells of 60 painters (30 smokers and 30 nonsmokers) and 60 healthy control subjects (30 smoker and 30 nonsmoker). Microscopic observation of 3000 cells per individual was performed in both painters and control subjects. In the control group and the exposed group, for each person repair index (RI) was calculated via the following formula: (KR+KL)/(BE+MN). The results showed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of MN in buccal epithelial cells of the exposed group compared with the control group (p<0.05). Smokers and nonsmokers differed with respect to the incidence of MN and NCs in all groups. In painters, RI was less than that in the control group. There was a significant difference between painters and the control group (p<0.01) for RI. We believe that determination of RI in addition to NCs and the MN will present a new approach to genotoxicity studies of a population.
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    Cytogenetic Biomonitoring of Carpet Fabric Workers Using Micronucleus Frequency, Nuclear Changes, and the Calculation of Risk Assessment by Repair Index in Exfoliated Mucosa Cells
    (MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC, 2011) Diler, Songul Budak; Celik, Ayla
    The micronucleus (MN) assay in exfoliated buccal cells is a minimally invasive method for monitoring genetic damage in human populations and is used as an indicator of genotoxic exposition, as it is associated with chromosome aberrations. In this study, we evaluated MN frequencies and other nuclear changes (NCs), such as karyorrhexis (KR), karyolysis (KL), broken egg (BE), and binucleus in buccal mucosa cells of 50 carpet fabric workers (25 smokers and 25 nonsmokers) and 50 healthy control subjects (25 smokers and 25 nonsmokers). Microscopic observation of 2000 cells per individual was performed in both workers and control subjects. In both the control group and the exposed group, for each person a repair index (RI) was calculated via the following formula: (KR+KL)/(BE+MN). The results showed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of MN in buccal epithelial cells of exposed group compared with control group. There is a significant difference between worker and control groups (p<0.001) for RI. We believe that the calculation of RI values, in addition to nuclear changes, presents a new approach in risk assessment in relation to occupational exposure.