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Öğe ASSOCIATION OF THE SEH GENE PROMOTER POLYMORPHISMS AND HAPLOTYPES WITH PREECLAMPSIA(Soc Medical Biochemists Serbia, 2020) Sari, Ismail; Okten, Hatice; Aktan, Cagdas; Cihan, EsraBackground: The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and organ protective properties and their circulation levels are related to hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and preeclampsia. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) catalyses the degradation of EETs to less biologically active dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids. Here, we sequenced the promoter region of EPHX2 to investigate the association between promoter sequence alterations that we thought to affect the expression levels of the enzyme and preeclampsia (PE). Methods: Nucleotide sequencing of the promoter region of the EPHX2, spanning from position -671 to +30, was performed on 100 pregnant women with PE and, 20 or more weeks pregnant normotensive, healthy women (n=100). Results: Pregnant women who carry rs4149235, rs4149232, rs73227309, and rs62504268 polymorphisms have 4.4, 2.4, 2.3, and 2.8 times significantly increased risk of PE, respectively. CCGG (OR: 3.11; 95% CI: 1.12-8.62) and CCCA (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.36-0.55) haplotypes were associated with an increased and decreased risk of PE, respectively. Conclusions: Four SNPs (rs4149232, rs4149235, rs73227309, and rs62504268) in the promoter region of the EPHX2, and CCGG and CCCA haplotypes of these 4 SNPs were significantly associated with PE. These SNPs in the promoter region may affect sEH expression and enzyme activity and may play a role in PE pathogenesis by causing individual differences in EET levels. However, future studies are needed to confirm our findings and examine the effect of these SNPs on the sEH expression and/or enzyme activity.Öğe Interrelation Between Appearance Anxiety and Sexual Functions in Women: The Role of Surgical Scars, Morphologic Features, and Accompanying Depression(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2019) Cihan, Ahmet; Cihan, EsraIntroduction: The findings regarding the association between body mass index (BMI) and sexuality outcomes are mixed. Subjective body image has been found to be more salient in predicting sexual function than actual body size. Previous studies have demonstrated appearance anxiety to be particularly significant. Aim: To evaluate the association between appearance anxiety and female sexual functions. Specific aims included the evaluation of body morphologic measurements with indicators other than BMI and determining the predictive role of surgical scars for appearance anxiety and female sexual function. Methods: Sexually active women who had been in a stable heterosexual relationship for >= 6 months participated in this study. Demographic features, anthropometric measurements including BMI, skin-fold thickness (SFT) measurements from 3 regions of the body (triceps, scapula, and abdomen) and waist circumference (WC) were assessed. Finally, participants were asked to complete the Appearance Anxiety Inventory, Female Sexual Function Index, and Beck Depression Inventory. Multivariate path analyses and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed. Main Outcome Measures: The correlations of age, BMI, presence of surgical scars, and measurements of BMI, WC, and SFT as independent variables with Beck Depression Inventory, Appearance Anxiety Inventory, and Female Sexual Function Index scores were the main outcomes of the study. Results: The data of 329 women were analyzed. The median age of the participants was 33 (19-52) years. The mean BMI was 24.5 (SD 3.5) kg/m(2). The prevalence of female sexual dysfunction was 22.8%. Multivariate analyses revealed that increased appearance anxiety (-0.45), presence of surgical scars (-0.28), accompanying depression (-0.15), SFT abdomen measurement (-0.16), and age (-0.13) were significantly associated with sexual function. Appearance anxiety was found to be associated with accompanying depression (0.56), presence of surgical scar (0.38), and measurements of the WC (0.22), BMI (0.14), SFT-abdomen (0.12), and SFT-triceps (-0.31). Clinical Implications: Clinicians should take the strong relationship between appearance anxiety and female sexual function into consideration. Body morphologic evaluation should not be limited to BMI; surgical scars and WC and SFT measurements may play a considerable role. Strengths & Limitations: A major limitation of this study was the lack of personal distress evaluation in the participants. Conclusion: Sexual complaints in middle-aged women revealed the strongest correlation with appearance anxiety. Further longitudinal studies are needed to reveal its underlying factors and implications for sexuality. Copyright (C) 2019, International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Perceived Stress and Accompanying Low Urine pH Are in Relation to Bladder Pain Syndrome(Galenos Yayincilik, 2021) Cihan, Ahmet; Cihan, Esra; Cakmak, BulentObjective: The clinical relevance of low urine pH and perceived stress levels in patients with bladder pain syndrome (BPS) has not yet been clarified. In this study, we hypothesised that urine pH and perceived stress levels may differ in patients with BPS and that they may be related to each other. Materials and Methods: A prospective case control study was conducted to test the hypothesis. Patients aged >18 years who were newly diagnosed with BPS were included in the patient group. The control group consisted of healthy volunteers aged >18 years. The 10-item Perceived Stress scale (PSS-10), spot urine pH measurements, Interstitial Cystitis Symptom index (ICSI), Interstitial Cystitis Problem index (ICPI), visual analogue scale for pain (VAS-Pain) and quality-of-life (QOL) scores were evaluated. Independent samples t-test and multivariate regression with path analysis were performed. Results: The study evaluated 84 patients with BPS and 86 healthy participants. The mean spot urine pH, PSS-10, ICSI, ICPI, VAS-Pain and QOL scores were different between the patient group and control group. Spot urine pH level (p=0.01, odds ratio (OR)=0.31) and PSS-10 scores (p=0.01, OR=1.1) remained significant predictors of BPS in the multivariate analysis. Lower urine pH and higher perceived stress levels were associated with worse ICSI, ICPI, VAS-Pain and QOL scores. Conclusion: Acidic urine pH and high perceived stress levels are associated with the presence of BPS. Perceived stress is independent from low urine pH, as they each relate to BPS symptoms in a bidirectional manner.Öğe Self-esteem and positive body image to overcome female sexual dysfunction(Acad Medicine Singapore, 2023) Cihan, Ahmet; Cihan, Esra[Abstract Not Available]
