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    Excess molar volumes, viscosity, refractive index, and Gibbs energy of activation of binary biodiesel plus benzene, and biodiesel plus toluene mixtures at 298.15 and 303.15 K
    (MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2008) Vural, Ufuk Sancar; Durmaz, Fatih; Kocyigit, Ozcan; Kocyigit, Hasan; Muradoglu, V.; Akin, Beril
    Excess molar volumes (VE ), viscosities, refractive index, and Gibbs energies were evaluated for binary biodiesel + benzene and toluene mixtures at 298.15 and 303.15 K. The excess molar volumes VE were determined from density, while the excess Gibbs free energy of activation G*Ewas calculated from viscosity deviation Delta eta. The excess molar volume (V E), viscosity deviation (Delta eta), and excess Gibbs energy of activation (G*E) were fitted to the Redlich-Kister polynomial equation to derive binary coefficients and estimate the standard deviations between the experimental data and calculation results. All mixtures showed positive V E values obviously caused by increased physical interactions between biodiesel and the organic solvents.