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    EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL COMBINATION ON PERFORMANCE, MILK COMPOSITION, BLOOD PARAMETERS AND PREGNANCY RATE IN EARLY LACTATING DAIRY COWS DURING HEAT EXPOSURE
    (PAKISTAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENTISTS FORUM, 2012) Serbester, U.; Cinar, M.; Ceyhan, A.; Erdem, H.; Gorgulu, M.; Kutlu, H. R.; Cardozo, P. W.
    The objective of this study was to determine effect of an essential oil combination (EOC), which contained cinnamaldehyde and diallyl disulfide on performance, milk composition, blood parameters and pregnancy rate of early lactating dairy cows during heat exposure. Twenty five Holstein cows (days in milk= 37.4 +/- 3.09) were assigned to one of two treatment groups: a Control (n=12) and EOC fed (n=13). Cows were fed a total mixed ration comprising concentrate and silage of common vetch with triticale. The concentrate differed only in the supplementation of EOC at 25 mg/kg concentrate (as fed basis). The experiment lasted 11 weeks. Dry matter intake (DMI) and milk production were measured daily while milk samples were taken twice a week. Blood samples were collected weekly, and ultrasonography was performed at 29 d and 42 d post TAI to determine pregnancy rate. Average of ambient temperature, relative humidity and temperature-humidity index (THI) were 25.9 degrees C, 73.4% and 76.8, respectively. The EOC supplementation had no effect (P> 0.05) on performance, milk composition and pregnancy rate. The EOC, however, increased (P< 0.01) insulin concentration, and tended to decrease (P= 0.074) serum total cholesterol concentration, and increase (P= 0.097) NEFA concentration. In conclusion, EOC supplementation in diets of early lactating dairy cows during heat exposure did not affect milk yield and composition, and pregnancy rate. The increase of insulin and reduction of total cholesterol observed in EOC group needs to be confirmed with further research.
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    Effect of essential oil combination on performance, milk composition, blood parameters and pregnancy rate in early lactating dairy cows during heat exposure
    (2012) Serbester, U.; Çinar, M.; Ceyhan, A.; Erdem, H.; Görgülü, M.; Kutlu, H.R.; Çelik, L. Baykal
    The objective of this study was to determine effect of an essential oil combination (EOC), which contained cinnamaldehyde and diallyl disulfide on performance, milk composition, blood parameters and pregnancy rate of early lactating dairy cows during heat exposure. Twenty five Holstein cows (days in milk= 37.4±3.09) were assigned to one of two treatment groups: a Control (n=12) and EOC fed (n=13). Cows were fed a total mixed ration comprising concentrate and silage of common vetch with triticale. The concentrate differed only in the supplementation of EOC at 25 mg/kg concentrate (as fed basis). The experiment lasted 11 weeks. Dry matter intake (DMI) and milk production were measured daily while milk samples were taken twice a week. Blood samples were collected weekly, and ultrasonography was performed at 29 d and 42 d post TAI to determine pregnancy rate. Average of ambient temperature, relative humidity and temperature-humidity index (THI) were 25.9°C, 73.4% and 76.8, respectively. The EOC supplementation had no effect (P> 0.05) on performance, milk composition and pregnancy rate. The EOC, however, increased (P< 0.01) insulin concentration, and tended to decrease (P= 0.074) serum total cholesterol concentration, and increase (P= 0.097) NEFA concentration. In conclusion, EOC supplementation in diets of early lactating dairy cows during heat exposure did not affect milk yield and composition, and pregnancy rate. The increase of insulin and reduction of total cholesterol observed in EOC group needs to be confirmed with further research.
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    Effect of estrus synchronization protocols including PGF2? and GnRH on fertility parameters in hair goats during breeding season
    (Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2017) Cinar, M.; Ceyhan, A.; Yilmaz, O.; Erdem, H.
    The present study was performed to determine the effect of PGF2? and GnRH injections in different time intervals on fertility in Hair goats during breeding season. Totally, 80 primiparous Hair goats were divided into four groups (n=20 in each) according to the body condition scores of the animals. The animals in groups were treated as follows; first group (Ovsynch), GnRH on day 0, PGF2? on day 7 and GnRH on day 9; second group (2PG-G), PGF2? on day 0, PGF2? on day 7 and GnRH on day 9; third group (PG-G), PGF2? on day 7 and GnRH on day 9; fourth group (G), GnRH on day 9. Bucks were included into the groups on day 10-14 and insemination was performed during standing heat. Blood samples were collected to determine possible embryonic losses on day 21 for further analysis of serum progesterone concentrations. Transabdominal ultrasonography was performed to detect pregnancy on day 40-45. It was determined that in Ovsynch, 2PG-G, PG-G and G groups, estrous rate was 100%, 95%, 95% and 85%; pregnancy rate was 85%, 95%, 95% and 85%; kidding rate was 100%, 78.9%, 94.7% and 88.2%; twinning rate was 41.2%, 40%, 22.2%, 20%; litter size was 1.41, 1.40, 1.22, 1.20, respectively. However, these parameters did not show any significant difference between groups (P> 0.05). In conclusion, it is suggested that all treatment procedures may be used for estrous synchronization in Hair goats during breeding season due to the satisfactory results. © 2017, Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum. All rights reserved.
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    EFFECT OF ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION PROTOCOLS INCLUDING PGF2? AND GnRH ON FERTILITY PARAMETERS IN HAIR GOATS DURING BREEDING SEASON
    (Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2017) Cinar, M.; Ceyhan, A.; Yilmaz, O.; Erdem, H.
    The present study was performed to determine the effect of PGF(2 alpha) and GnRH injections in different time intervals on fertility in Hair goats during breeding season. Totally, 80 primiparous Hair goats were divided into four groups (n=20 in each) according to the body condition scores of the animals. The animals in groups were treated as follows; first group (Ovsynch), GnRH on day 0, PGF(2 alpha) on day 7 and GnRH on day 9; second group (2PG-G), PGF(2 alpha) on day 0, PGF(2 alpha) on day 7 and GnRH on day 9; third group (PG-G), PGF(2 alpha) on day 7 and GnRH on day 9; fourth group (G), GnRH on day 9. Bucks were included into the groups on day 10-14 and insemination was performed during standing heat. Blood samples were collected to determine possible embryonic losses on day 21 for further analysis of serum progesterone concentrations. Transabdominal ultrasonography was performed to detect pregnancy on day 40-45. It was determined that in Ovsynch, 2PG-G, PG-G and G groups, estrous rate was 100%, 95%, 95% and 85%; pregnancy rate was 85%, 95%, 95% and 85%; kidding rate was 100%, 78.9%, 94.7% and 88.2%; twinning rate was 41.2%, 40%, 22.2%, 20%; litter size was 1.41, 1.40, 1.22, 1.20, respectively. However, these parameters did not show any significant difference between groups (P> 0.05). In conclusion, it is suggested that all treatment procedures may be used for estrous synchronization in Hair goats during breeding season due to the satisfactory results.
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    The nonlinear vibration of orthotropic functionally graded cylindrical shells surrounded by an elastic foundation within first order shear deformation theory
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2017) Sofiyev, A. H.; Hui, D.; Haciyev, V. C.; Erdem, H.; Yuan, G. Q.; Schnack, E.; Guldal, V.
    The non-linear free vibration behavior of functionally graded (FG) orthotropic cylindrical shell interacting with the two-parameter elastic foundation is investigated. The major goal of this research was to obtain a solution for the non-linear frequencies associated with the problem outlined above. The dynamic stability and compatibility equations of FG orthotropic cylindrical shells surrounded by an elastic foundation are derived within the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and von Karman strain displacement relationships, and then superposition and Galerkin methods are adopted to convert the above equations into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation. The expression for non-linear frequency of FG orthotropic cylindrical shell surrounded by an elastic foundation within the FSDT is obtained using the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). In particular, similar expression in the framework of the classical shell theory (CST) is obtained, also. The results are compared and validated with the results available in the literature. Finally, the calculation and presentation of the effect of many parameters included in the analysis conclude the goals to be reached in the study. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.