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    Acrylamide applied during pregnancy causes the neurotoxic effect by lowering BDNF levels in the fetal brain
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Aladag, M. Arif; Altinoz, Eyup; Demirtas, Sezin; Turkoz, Yusuf; Yigitcan, Birgul; Bag, Harika Gozukara
    Objectives: The aim of this study is to elucidate the possible mechanism of neurotoxic effect of acrylamide (AA) applied during pregnancy on fetal brain development and to show the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on AA toxicity. Materials and methods: Four groups were formed with 9 pregnant rats each as control (C), acrylamide (AA), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), acrylamide plus N-acetylcysteine (AA plus NAC) groups. Caesarian section was implemented on the 20th day of pregnancy. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were analyzed and histopathologic examinations were performed in brain tissues of the fetuses. Results: Our data indicated that AA caused necrotic death and hemorrhagic damages in fetal brain tissue with decreasing BNDF levels and increasing oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine prevented the toxic effects of its on fetal brain (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study indicated that acrylamide has toxic effects in the fetal brain and N-acetylcysteine prevents its toxic effect.
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    Biochemical changes induced by grape seed extract and low level laser therapy administration during intraoral wound healing in rat liver: an experimental and in silico study
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2018) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Salmas, Ramin Ekhteiari; Durdagi, Serdar; Akgul, Hasan; Demirkol, Mehmet; Aksungur, Zeynep; Selamoglu, Zeliha
    In the present study, the changes that occur in rat liver tissue as a result of the use of grape seed extract (GSE) and low level laser therapy (LLLT) in intraoral wound (IW) healing are analyzed using biochemical parameters. Diode laser application groups received 8J/cm(2) dose LLLT once a day for 4days (810nm wavelength, continuous mode, 0.25W, 9s). As a result of the biological parameter analysis, it was determined that the oxidative damage caused by the IWs and recovery period on 7th and 14th days could be substantially removed with GSE applications that have antioxidant capacity especially in rat liver tissue. In addition, the active compound of grape seed, catechin is studied in the active site of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) target using molecular modeling approaches. Post-processing molecular dynamics (MD) results for catechin is compared with a standard GSK3 inhibitor. MD simulations assisted for better understanding of inhibition mechanism and the crucial amino acids contributing in the ligand binding. These results along with a through free energy analysis of ligands using sophisticated simulations methods are quite striking and it suggests a greater future role for simulation in deciphering complex patterns of molecular mechanism in combination with methods for understanding drug-receptor interactions.
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    Investigation of wet cupping therapy's effect on oxidative stress based on biochemical parameters
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2019) Ersoy, Suleyman; Altinoz, Eyup; Benli, Ali Ramazan; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Aksungur, Zeynep; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Engin, Velittin Selcuk
    Introduction: Wet cupping therapy is one of the main applications which has been used in the Unani medicine system. Current literature explaining how this traditional treatment method works is still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate whether wet cupping therapy could affect reactive oxygen species and antioxidant levels. Methods: This was a single arm pre and posttest intervention study conducted in Karabuk University Teaching and Research Hospital (KUTRH) between 1st January and 1st May 2018. Twenty-four participants were included. Wet Cupping Therapy was applied to all individuals once every month for three months. Venous blood samples were collected before the first (Venousl) and after the last application (Venous 2) and cupping blood samples were collected during the first and last applications. Malondialdehyde (MAD) and total oxidant status (TOS) which both indicate oxidation; glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant status (TAS), catalase (CAT) activities that indicate antioxidant effect, and protein levels were measured on the obtained serums. Results: The highest MDA and TOS levels and the lowest TAS, GSH, SOD and CAT levels were found in initial cupping blood. Significant improvement was observed in second cupping blood for these parameters when compared to initial values. We also found that MDA and TOS levels, as well as TAS, GSH, SOD and CAT levels, all changed favorably in the Venous 2 blood sample compared to the Venous 1 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Wet cupping therapy seems a promising method for increasing antioxidant levels and curbing oxidative stress.
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    Protective Effects of Hypericum perforatum and Quercetin in a Rat Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury of Testes
    (Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2018) Suzen, Alev; Tekin, Leyla; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Erturk, Nazile; Aksungur, Zeynep; Aktas, Serdar
    Purpose This study aimed to compare the protective effects of Hypericum perforatum (Hp) and quercetin, a flavonoid, against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat testes. Materials and Methods This study included 28 male Wistar albino rats that were divided into four groups. Except for the sham group, torsion was created by rotating both testes at an angle of 720 degrees clockwise for 2 hours. The Hp and quercetin groups received 25 mg/kg Hp and quercetin intraperitoneally 30 minutes before detorsion, respectively. Orchiectomy was performed for the measurement of markers of oxidative stress and histopathological examination. Results In the Hp and quercetin groups, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and total oxidant capacity were significantly lower, the glutathione level and total antioxidant status were significantly higher, and Johnsen's testis biopsy scores were significantly higher than in the torsion/detorsion group (p=0.001). The markers of oxidative injury were significantly lower (p=0.001) and total antioxidant status was significantly higher (p=0.001), except for glutathione (p=0.62) in the Hp group than in the quercetin group. Johnsen's score between Hp and quercetin groups was not significantly different (p=0.80). Conclusion Both Hp and quercetin have protective effects against I/R injury of the testes, but the protective effect of Hp was found to be stronger than that of quercetin.
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    Protective effects of sildenafil and resveratrol on ovarian ischemiareperfusion injury in rats
    (Scientific Publishers of India, 2017) Erturk, Nazile; Elbe, Hulya; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Aktas, Serdar; Yigitturk, Gurkan; Aksungur, Zeynep; Suzen, Alev
    Aim: This study investigated the protective effects of sildenafil (SIL) and resveratrol (RSV) on ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Materials and methods: Forty-Eight Wistar albino rats were divided equally into groups: control (sham), ischemia (2 h ischemia), I/R (2 h ischemia+2 h reperfusion), I/R+RSV (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally), I/R+SIL (1.4 mg/kg intraperitoneally), and I/R+RSV+SIL. RSV and SIL were administered 30 min before the end of the ischemia period, and reperfusion was carried out for 2 h. The ovaries were then removed and evaluated histopathologically for mean histopathological damage score (MHDS) and anti-inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) antibody. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, glutathione (GSH) activity, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and NO level were measured. Results: Histopathological findings such as enema, inflammation, haemorrhage, and congestion were detected in the ischemia and I/R groups. Compared with controls, these groups had significantly higher MHDSs. Compared with the ischemia and I/R groups, the treatment groups had significantly decreased MHDSs. iNOS immunostaining was most evident in the ischemia and I/R groups, and TOS and MDA and NO levels were significantly increased, whereas GSH activity and TAS were significantly decreased compared with those in controls. TOS and MDA and NO levels were significantly decreased, and GSH activity and TAS were significantly increased in the treatment groups. Conclusion: RSV and SIL decreased histopathological and biochemical damage and exerted protective effects on I/R-induced ovarian damage. SIL and RSV act simultaneously to reduce tissue injury. © 2017, Scientific Publishers of India, All rights reserved.
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    The effects of acrylamide and vitamin E administration during pregnancy on adults’ ovarian tissue: An experimental study
    (2019) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Erdemli, Zeynep; Türköz, Yusuf; Bağ, Harika Gözde Gözükara; Selamoğlu, Zeliha
    Aim: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects on ovarian tissues of adult female rats, which were the offspring ofrats administered acrylamide (AA) and vitamin E during pregnancy.Material and Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups of 6 pregnant rats, as the Control, Corn Oil, Vitamin E, AA, Vitamin E +AA groups. The births were monitored on the 21st day to select the female rats. The selected female rats were decapitated at the endof the 8th week and their ovarian tissues were removed under anesthesia malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), totalantioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant capacity (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)and nitric oxide (NO) levels were examined.Results: Administration of AA during pregnancy caused an increase in MDA, TOS, OSI and NO levels and a decrease in GSH, SOD, CATand TAS levels in the ovarian tissues of the rats when compared to the control group. It was determined that vitamin E administrationcaused an increase in GSH, SOD, CAT and TAS levels in ovarian tissues, compared to all other groups (P <0.05).Conclusion: Exposure to food-induced AA toxicity increases each day and the parallel increase in infertility suggests that it could berelated to AA toxicity. Although vitamin E is capable to exert a protective effect against AA toxicity through increasing the antioxidantcapacity of ovarian tissue, there is certain necessity for further studies.
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    The effects of acrylamide and vitamin E on kidneys in pregnancy: an experimental study
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Aksungur, Zeynep; Gul, Mehmet; Yigitcan, Birgul; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Altinoz, Eyup; Turkoz, Yusuf
    Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate possible damages to kidney tissues of pregnant rats and their fetuses exposed to acrylamide during pregnancy and possible protective effects of vitamin E against these damages. Material and methods: Rats were randomly assigned to five groups of control, corn oil, vitamin E, acrylamide, vitamin E + acrylamide, six pregnant rats in each. Mother and fetal kidney tissues were examined for malondialdehyde (MDA), reductase glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), urea, creatine, trace elements such as Zn and Cu in the serum and histopathological analyses were conducted. Results: It was determined that acrylamide, administered during pregnancy, statistically significantly increased MDA and TOS levels, maternal serum urea, creatinine, and Zn levels, while it decreased GSH, TAS, SOD, and CAT levels (p <= .05) when compared with all other groups in the kidney tissues of pregnant rats and their fetuses and caused tubular degeneration, hemorrhage, narrowing, and closure in Bowman's space, and, in the E vitamin group, it statistically significantly increased GSH, TAS, SOD, CAT, urea, creatinine, and Zn levels when compared with other groups and lowered TOS and MDA levels to those of the control group (p < .05) and there were no differences between the groups histologically. Conclusion: It was observed that acrylamide administered during pregnancy caused oxidative stress in kidney tissues of mother rats and their fetuses, resulting in tissue damage, and vitamin E application, which is considered to be a powerful antioxidant, inhibited oxidative stress.
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    The Effects on Oxidative Systems in Liver Tissues of Systemic Ozone Application after Critical Size Hone Defect Surgery in Rat Mandibles
    (Ars Docendi, 2019) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Akgul, Hasan; Selamoglu, Zeliha
    Examination of the changes that non-toxic doses of antioxidant action ozone used in increasing osteogenic activity by dentists causes on rat liver tissues. The effects of ozone applications that are significant in mandibular bone defect therapies and oral and maxillofacial surgery practice on oxidant / antioxidant system in rat liver tissues are investigated by analyzing malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) parameters. While there were statistically significant reductions in MDA levels and SOD activities after 15 and 45 days long ozone applications on critical mandibular bone defect induced rat livers, statistically significant increases were observed in GSH levels and CAT activities (P <= 0.05). This is the first study where the effects of ozone therapies used in treatment of mandibular bone defect on liver tissue oxidant / antioxidant system in rats are scrutinized with the analysis of biochemical parameters. It was determined that ozone applications did not have any negative effects on liver tissue oxidant / antioxidant system and concurrently had positive effects on liver antioxidant system and to reveal the biochemical mechanism completely, further studies are needed.