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    Ferromagnetism of Nanosized Bilayer on Square Lattice Within Ising Model: Static and Dynamic Aspects with Size Effects Using Pair Approximation
    (Polish Acad Sciences Inst Physics, 2021) Gorguluer, O.; Yalcin, O.; Erdem, R.
    In this study, the pair approximation in the Kikuchi version is applied to study ferromagnetism of a nanosized bilayer system on a square lattice using the Ising model. Each layer is divided into the core, core-surface and surface parts as introduced for the monolayers by Ozum et al. (2015). Temperature, magnetic field and interlayer exchange energy variations of the long- and short-range order parameters are investigated. Some second-order phase transitions between ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases with size effects are observed. By using the path probability method, the flow of the system towards some stable equilibrium states in the ferromagnetic phase is obtained via relaxation curves and flow diagrams. The results of the numerical calculations are in a fairly good agreement with the available theoretical works of other authors.
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    Investigation of Optical and Flow Properties of Avocados by Spectroscopy and Rheology Methods
    (Polish Acad Sciences Inst Physics, 2022) Yalcin, O.; Ozturk, M.; Gorguluer, O.
    Structural, optical and rheological properties of pulp and seed extracts of three different avocado cultivars were analyzed using spectroscopy and rheology techniques at room temperature. Ultraviolet spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy signals for the pulp and avocado seed extracts were recorded in the wavelength range 190-600 nm and the wave number range 4200-400 cm, respectively. The flow behaviours for all avocado pulp and seed samples were also analysed in the shear rate range of 10(-2) - 10(2) s(-1) and in the frequency range of 10(-1) - 10(3) rad/s, respectively. The ultraviolet spectra of all the samples were observed as two peaks around 210 and 290 nm. The optical energy band gaps for all samples were found to be consistent with Planck's radiation approach.