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    Effects of Short Day Conditioning, Chilling and GA(3) Treatments to Yield and Fruit Quality in Strawberry Plug Transplants Aiming Early Fruit Production
    (UNIV AGR SCI & VETERINARY MED CLUJ-NAPOCA, 2013) Ozdemir, Emine; Kaska, Nurettin; Gunduz, Kazim; Serce, Sedat
    In this study, we tested the effects of short day (SD), chilling (Ch) and gibberalic acid (GA(3)) treatments on the yield and fruit characteristics of 'Camarosa' and 'Sweet Charlie' plug plants under a freeze-protected greenhouse in Mediterranean conditions for two growing seasons in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. The treatments included control (ambient day length and temperature); SD (8 h days) and ambient temperature, SD + Chilling (Ch) (18/12 degrees C day/night temperatures); SD + Ch (10 degrees C); SD + Ch (2 degrees C); and, GA(3) (10 ppm applied to the plants in November). In each growing season, the plug plants were planted in mid-August using bag culture. Yield, fruit weight, firmness, total soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS/TA ratio were investigated. Considerable amounts of early yield (March and April) were recovered from 'Sweet Charlie'; 116 and 72 g/plant in the first and second growing seasons, respectively. 'Sweet Charlie' also had consistently higher total yield than 'Camarosa' (457 vs. 400 g/plant in the 2006-2007 season and 446 vs. 406 g/plant in the 2007-2008 season). Treatment did not have a consistent effect on the fruit quality traits measured. The results indicated that although SD conditioning, Ch and GA(3) treatments may have an effect on the total and early yield of strawberries, these effects may be cultivar-dependent and further regulated by environmental factors. Therefore, we propose that low-chilling varieties be utilized for early fruit production that can initiate flower buds in warmer, longer days.
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    Variation among highbush and rabbiteye cultivars of blueberry for fruit quality and phytochemical characteristics
    (ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2015) Gunduz, Kazim; Serce, Sedat; Hancock, James F.
    Variability in soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA, pH, total phenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), total monomeric anthocyanin content (TMAC) and levels of vitamin C were evaluated in a broad array of northern and southern highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum) and rabbiteye (Vaccinium virgatum) cultivars of blueberry, grown in different locations and years. When cultivars were grouped by decade of release, there were few significant overall trends observed over years in fruit quality and phytochemical content; however, individual cultivars varied significantly for all the traits analysed. Considerable overlap in most quality and phytochemical characteristics were found among cultivars of the three blueberry types, suggesting that genetic barriers do not exist among the various types of blueberries with regard to breeding cultivars with comparable sugar, acid and phytochemical properties. There were significant negative correlations observed between fruit weight and SS, TPC, FRAP and TMAC, suggesting that as breeders have been selecting for larger fruit, they have inadvertantly selected for tarter fruit with lower antioxidant capacity. However, SS was correlated positively with FRAP and TMAC, indicating that cultivars can be developed that have high antioxidant capacity and anthocyanin content, combined with high sugar content. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.