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Öğe The effect of graded maximal aerobic exercise on some metabolic hormones, muscle damage and some metabolic end products in sportsmen(2011) Hazar S.; Hazar M.; Korkmaz Ş.; Bayil S.; Gürkan A.C.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of graded maximal aerobic exercise on some metabolic hormones, muscle damage and some metabolic end products in professional sportsmen. Twelve young professional football players participated in the study. Subjects performed shuttle run test. Blood samples were collected before, immediately after and one hour after the single exercise. The levels of testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) as metabolic hormones; creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) as muscle damage markers; urea and uric acid levels, as metabolic end products, were determined. Testosterone levels significantly increased immediately after exercise (p = 0.027), but increase in the cortisol levels was not significant. However, cortisol levels demonstrated a significant difference between immediately after and one hour after exercising (p = 0.006). Both testosterone and cortisol levels decreased to their initial levels one hour after exercising. Although changes in the urea levels were not significant (p = 0.667), increase in the uric acid level one hour after the exercising was significant (p = 0.005). While the increase in CK activity was significant (p = 0.023), changes in AST (p = 0.170) and LDH levels were not significant (p = 0.139). Besides constituting an anabolic effect, graded maximal aerobic load also caused an increase in cortisol and uric acid in professional football players. Due to being accustomed to these types of exercises, subjects had inconsiderable muscle damage after loading. The exercise caused an increase in serum uric acid due to renal clearance decrease and increasing endogenous purines with contribute protein degradation. © 2011 Academic Journals.Öğe The effects of thyme tea supplement on free radicals formation and antioxidant system of elite wrestlers(2013) Berkan Alpay C.; Hazar S.; Gökdemir K.; Atalay Güzel N.; Gönenç A.; Imsek B.The intensive acute exercises results in too much oxygen consumption and hence produce excessive free radicals and damage of tissues. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of thyme tea on free radical formation and antioxidant system. Eighteen elite volunteer wrestlers joined the study. The wrestlers were randomly divided into two groups to from experiment and control groups. The subjects wrested five times during the study period according to F.I.L.A rules. The measurement are performed before and after the thyme tea loading. Study groups drunk thyme tea three times a day in 35 day period before loading after first measurement. The subjects participated in the study pre-contest (Comp. Before), immediately after the competition (Comp. After), 24 hours after the competition (Comp. after 24 h), 48 hours after the competition (Comp. After 48 h), blood samples were collected from forearm vein by 5cc total of 2 tubes. Tubes, centrifuge immediately after serums and transferred to tubes Eppendorf Total of Antioxidant o Capacity (TAC), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total sulfhydryl group (RSH) stored at the 75 C until determination of analysis. The results showed that no difference was noted between the values of the groups before the thyme loading process, a meaningful increase (p<0.05) was determined in the level of TAC, after thyme loading, for the experimental group when it was compared to the pre-loading levels. Therefore, the decrease observed in the level of MDA after thyme loading process was meaningful statistically (p<0.01). The numerical decrease observed in the experimental group, meanwhile, in the levels of RSH wasn't meaningful (p>0.05). Whereas significant differences were found in the levels of MDA and TAC, after thyme loading, for the experimental group when compared to the control group (p<0.05), no meaningful difference was observed for the level of RSH. it is determined in the study that wrestling competition causes significant oxidant stress in wrestlers and increase total antioxidant capacity. However, it is detected that it makes nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity fall. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2013.Öğe The effects of using thyme on iron status in the elite sportsmen(Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2011) Hazar S.; Alpay C.B.This study aims to investigate the effects of using thyme on iron and iron related hematological parameters elite athletes. The subject group of the research was composed of 12 male wrestlers who have competed in various age categories of Turkish National Team and who were still competent for the medal in Turkey Championships. The subjects, all of whom have been carrying out actively, for at least 2 months, their applicable exercises were subjected to the thyme loading session without any interference in their training sessions. Each person was offered after meals, three times a day for duration of 35 days total, thyme tea which had been brewed 1 gram dried thyme in boiled water of 150 cm3 for ten minutes. Before and after the thyme loading period, blood samples were collected and analyzed the levels of Hemoglobin (HGB), Erythrocyte (RBC), Ferritin (F), Transferrin (T) Serum Iron (SI) and Iron Binding Capacity (IBC) was accomplished by means of the brand OLYPUS AU640 hemacytometer. The amount of Transferrin Saturation TS) was calculated using the formula, SI X 100/1BC. In this study it was observed that the applicable levels were within, before and after thyme loading, the normal clinical values. However, a significant decrease, after 4-week thyme loading, for the concentration levels of HGB, RBC and SI (p<0.05) and a significant increase for the level of IBC (p<0.01) were identified. As a result, it was observed that the thyme which has been known for its numerous benefits has, besides its positive effects, some adverse effects on the iron status in the sportsmen. Therefore, supplemental iron loading, coupled with giving beverages such as tea, green tea, thyme, etc. all containing catechin as active substance might be required for the performance sportsmen. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2011.
