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Öğe Development of Insect Resistant Potato Transplastomic Lines.(Springer, 2019) Bakhsh, Allah; Joyia, Faiz Ahmad; Hossain, Md. Jakir; Aksoy, Emre; Gokce, Neslihan Zahide Ozturk; Mustafa, Ghulam; Khan, Muhammad Sarwar[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Engineering of insecticidal hybrid gene into potato chloroplast genome exhibits promising control of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)(Springer, 2023) Hossain, Md. Jakir; Bakhsh, Allah; Joyia, Faiz Ahmad; Aksoy, Emre; Gokce, Neslihan Zahide Ozturk; Khan, Muhammad SarwarThe potato chloroplast was transformed with codon optimized synthetic hybrid cry gene (SN19) to mitigate crop losses by Colorado potato beetle (CPB). The bombarded explants (leaves and internode) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l), NAA (0.2 mg/l), TDZ (2.0 mg/l) and GA3 (0.1 mg/l); spectinomycin 50 mg/l was used as a selection agent in the medium. Leaf explants of cultivar Kuroda induced highest percentage (92%) of callus where cultivar Santae produced the highest percentage (85.7%) of transplastomic shoots. Sante and Challenger showed 9.6% shoot regeneration efficiency followed by cultivar Simply Red (8.8%). PCR amplification yielded 16 postive transplastomic plantlets out of 21 spectinomycin resistant ones. Target gene integration was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot, whereas RT-qPCR was used to assess the expression level of transgene. The localization of visual marker gene gfp was tracked by laser scanning confocal microscopy which confirmed its expression in chloroplasts of leaf cells. The transplastomic plants ensured high mortality to both larvae and adult CPB. Foliage consumption and weight gain of CPB fed on transplastomic leaves were lower compared to the control plants. Sucessful implementation of current research findings can lead to a viable solution to CPB mediated potato losses globally.Öğe Genetic engineering of ion transporters for osmotic stress tolerance(Elsevier, 2021) Hossain, Md. Jakir; Tillaboeva, Shakhnozakhan; Sırel, Irem Aycan; Kaya, Rabia Busenaz; Dönmez, Betül Ayça; Aasim, Muhammad; Bakhsh, AllahOsmotic stress remains inclusive, injuring living organisms including fungal species, bacteria, and higher plants, and is imposed by various environmental factors including drought, high salinity, and freezing. It can halt physical growth, cellular metabolism, and plants’ survival associated with special economic damages. Modulation of gene expression facilitates the plant’s response to stress leading to cellular homeostasis restoration, toxin detoxification, and growth recovery. These adaptation mediated signal transduction pathways could be disrupted by a combination of forward and reverse genetic approaches with physiological, biochemical, and molecular studies. The formation of plant osmotic adjustment is gained by elevated accumulation of K+, Na+, and Cl- (inorganic osmolytes) either by improved uptake or by controlling ion fluxes across the cellular membranes. For osmotic adjustment, organic osmolytes are likely to play a significant role that comprises the osmoprotectant of principal membrane transport proteins and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. Ion transporters are referred to as transmembrane proteins that govern ions’ conduction through a biological membrane against their concentration gradient through the active type of transport. The development of transgenic species with desired membrane transport proteins (e.g., ion transporters) can be a unique choice to develop transgenic plants to combat osmotic stress. This chapter will recapitulate data related to ion transporters and their possible utilization through the genetic engineering approaches to develop osmotic stress-resistant crops against unexpected and abrupt physiological arrests. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Transgenic technologies for efficient insect pest management in crop plants(Elsevier, 2020) Saeed, Faisal; Hashmi, Muneeb Hassan; Hossain, Md. Jakir; Ali, Muhammad Amjad; Bakhsh, AllahInsect and pests impose significant yield losses in crops despite the use of pesticidal and nonchemical controls. These increasing yield losses have provided impetus for the development of new management strategies against various pests. In this regard, transgenic technologies have revolutionized agriculture remarkably with the development of pest-resistant crops that have been outstanding in terms of crop productivity and highly advantageous to the farming community worldwide. With the passage of time, these technologies have enabled the scientists to modify and manipulate crop plants and to provide new solutions to solve conventional barriers for the improvement of economic traits of crops. The advancements in cell biology to regenerate plants from single cells or organized tissues provide prerequisite for the practical use of genetic engineering in crops improvement. The use of insect-resistant endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis in commercialized crops has resulted in increased crop yield since their introduction. The plant chloroplastic genome has also been engineered to encode resistance against insects pests. Several transgenic approaches have been employed to enhance resistance in plants against plant parasitic nematode as well. More recently, new and robust genetic engineering techniques like RNAi and Crispr-Cas9 have also proved their usefulness as a potential strategy in crop improvement for the control of pests. This chapter provides comprehensive insights and discussion of use of modern transgenic technologies in today’s agriculture and integration to efficient integrated pest management. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
