Yazar "Ijaz, Muhammad" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Genetic engineering techniques in potato
    (Elsevier, 2024) Zia, Muhammad Abu Bakar; Ijaz, Muhammad; Sami-ul-Allah; Aslam, Roohi; Naeem, Muhammad; Gul, Alvina; Butt, Razmia Sabahat
    Potato is the world's number one nongrain commodity and the fourth most common commodity overall after maize, rice, and wheat. In terms of cell culture, potato exhibits a high level of docility. It also has an extended history of applications in biotechnology for the improvement of crops. The recent genomic revolution has significantly enhanced the overall understanding of the genetic makeup of all crops. Crop genome sequences have reformed our view and understanding of genome association and genome development. Recent updated knowledge in markers along with advanced phenotyping, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has led to the development of new ways of determining marker-trait associations that can withstand genome-based breeding programs. The accessibility of sequencing of genomic data has permitted editing of the genome (localized mutagenesis) for obtaining sequences of genes that are anticipated by breeders. In the realm of potato breeding, some genetic features such as genomics, genetic mapping, and marker application have also given breeders tasks to accomplish. Several strategies have been formulated to describe potato loci, contender genes and alleles, and their associated genotypes and phenotypes. This chapter highlights how genomics technologies can be modified to meet the needs of potato breeders to enhance potato improvement through the use of next-generation phenotyping, GWAS, and genome editing tools. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) revealed a genetic basis associated with floral traits in potato germplasm
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Zia, Muhammad Abu Bakar; Demirel, Ufuk; Nadeem, Muhammad Azhar; Ali, Fawad; Dawood, Ahmad; Ijaz, Muhammad; Caliskan, Mehmet Emin
    Potato is an important noncereal staple crop serving as a source of food for a large number of the world's population. Genomewide association study (GWAS) analysis has become a useful tool to uncover the genetic basis of important plant traits by revealing significant association with the trait of interest. The present study aimed to explore the phenotypic diversity and to identify the genetic basis associated with important floral traits. A total of 237 tetraploid potato genotypes were used as plant material, and field experiments were conducted according to augmented block design for two consecutive years (2016, 2017). Analysis of variance for the studied floral traits reflected highly significant genotypic effects. Mean data for both years revealed the significant variation for pistil length (5.53 to 9.92 mm), stamen length (6.04 to 9.26 mm), and pistil length above stamen (1.31 to 4.47 mm). Pearson's correlation analysis reflected a highly significant and positive correlation of pistil length with stamen length (r = 0.42) and pistil length above stamen (r = 0.28). Principal component analysis was performed, and the first two PCs were considered accounting for a total of 81.2% variation. Constellation plot divided the studied potato panel into two main populations on the basis of stamen and pistil length. A total of 12,720SNP markers were used for the marker-trait association, and a total of 15 markers were found significantly associated with studied traits across both years. Identifying the same markers across both years helped in the validation of the obtained marker-trait associations. The identified significant markers reflected some of the putative candidate genes that might be beneficial in potato breeding programs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study identifying the genetic basis of important floral traits and might be helpful to the scientific community interested in potato marker-assisted breeding in these traits.
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    Genomics for Abiotic Stress Resistance in Legumes
    (Springer International Publishing, 2023) Zia, Muhammad Abu Bakar; Ul-Allah, Sami; Sher, Ahmad; Ijaz, Muhammad; Sattar, Abdul; Yousaf, Muhammad Farhan; Chaudhry, Usman Khalid
    Abiotic stress is an environmental constraint that negatively influences the growth of legumes. Additionally, it is predicted that in the future, it will have devastating effects on the growth and yield of crops. Therefore, currently most of the studies are being conducted to observe the response of legume crops to ensure food for future generations. With the introduction of genomic approaches, it enabled plant scientists to screen cultivars in a more precise way by utilizing the available genomic information. It also resulted in numerous genes that play a pivotal role for stress tolerance in crops that can be positively exploited to develop tolerant cultivars. In this chapter, some of the genomic approaches have been discussed. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.