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    Selective and invisible separation and determination of Rhodamine B in diverse industrial samples using aqueous biphasic switchable hydrophilicity solvent-like based microextraction method
    (Elsevier, 2024) Kacanbure, Damla; Bisgin, Abdullah Taner
    An effective and selective aqueous biphasic switchable hydrophilicity solvent-like based microextraction method (ABSHS-ME) combined with UV-vis spectrophotometry was established for the first time to monitor Rhodamine B (RhB) at 550 nm in soaps, lipsticks, anti-freezes and match tips. RhB was extracted firstly as its invisible form into immiscible hydrophobic phase and then converted to its UV-vis active form using acidified ethanol. The essential extraction parameters (pH, SHS volume, and vortex time) were optimized by Box-Behnken Design of Response Surface Methodology. Quadratic model with R2 = 0.9893 was found as favourable chemometric design for ABSHS-ME method. Preconcentration factor was obtained to be 25. Effect of matrix ions and dyes were examined in detail. 7 and 24 mu g/L of Rhb were determined for limit of detection and limit of quantitation, respectively. RhB was determined linearly between 24 and 2500 mu g/L. Relative standard deviations were lower than 7 %. ABSHS-ME method was validated determining the RhB concentrations of industrial samples with analyte addition-recovery tests. RhB contents of the real samples analyzed were found between 0.26-1.07 mu g/g and 1.53-4.73 mu g/mL with recovery values ranging from 95 to 101 %. The environmentally friendly index of the method was evaluated using the new generation AGREE tool.