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    Assessment of the effects of two different doses of methotrexate in rat ovarian tissue: A histological study
    (2024) Yalcın, Betul; Kalkan, Kubra Tugce; Koseoglu, Eda; Karaman, Enes; Yay, Arzu
    Aim: The use of methotrexate (MTH), a drug commonly prescribed to treat rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, and certain autoimmune diseases, has been linked to early ovarian failure and infertility in women when used in varying amounts and durations. In this study, the possible effects of MTH exposure at different doses on rat ovary were investigated histologically and immunohistochemically. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 female rats, Wistar albino, were utilized in the investigation. The control group (n = 7) was not subjected to any treatment. The 10 mg/kg MTH group (n = 7) and the 20 mg/kg MTH group (n = 7) were given intraperitoneal injections of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg methotrexate, respectively. Five days after injection, the ovarian tissues were taken out of the anesthetized rats and subjected to routine histological tissue processing. The histological evaluation was performed with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson’s trichrome (MT) on paraffin block sections. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine AMH immunoreactivity. Results: In both MTH groups, histopathological changes were observed, particularly in the 20 mg/kg group, and these included the presence of areas of edema as well as dilated or congested blood vessels. Furthermore, the 20 mg/kg MTH group exhibited increased fibrotic tissue in the ovarian medulla. The number of follicles and AMH immunoreactivity were observed to be reduced in the MTH groups, with the reduction reaching a statistically significant level in the 20 mg/kg MTH group ovary. In terms of AMH immunoreactivity, it is demonstrated that there is no statistical significance between the control and 10 mg/kg MTH groups. Conclusion: The dose of MTH should be considered carefully, as increasing the dose may lead to deterioration of ovarian histopathology and a reduction in the reserve of the ovary
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    Negative effects of ethanol on ovarian reserve and endometrium thickness: An animal study
    (Turkish Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2024) Karaman, Enes; Ayağ, Mehmet Emin
    Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of ethanol on the ovarian reserve and endometrium of rats by evaluating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and follicle counts. Materials and Methods: We performed histological follicle counting and AMH measurements to evaluate ovarian reserve. The study included 16 Wistar albino rats evenly distributed into two groups of eight rats each. The rats in the intervention group (group 1) were administered ethanol at a daily dose of 2.5 g/kg via oral gastric lavage for 30 days, whereas the control group (group 2) received water as a placebo via oral gastric lavage for the same period. At the end of 30 days, the animals were sacrificed, and 2 mL blood samples were collected for AMH measurements. Laparotomy was performed to remove the ovaries and uterus. Results: Despite the lack of a meaningful distinction in the quantity of primordial and primary follicles between the two groups, a substantial disparity was observed in the overall follicle count and AMH levels. Specifically, the intervention group exhibited significantly lower total follicle counts and AMH levels than the control group (p?0.001). The researchers also found that the endometrium of ethanol-treated rats was significantly thinner than that of control rats (p?0.001). Conclusion: This study concluded that ethanol consumption can negatively affect reproductive ability and the success of in vitro fertilization treatment by reducing ovarian reserve and thinning the endometrium. © 2024 The Author.