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Advanced biological pretreatment technologies for the deconstruction of agricultural substrates
(Elsevier, 2024) Hasan, Ziaul; Lateef, Muneera; Bhat, Muhammad Khalid; Raza, Md Mohsin; Khan, Mohammad Shahzeb
Biofuel has been in use since the very early days of the automotive industry, but recently the use of biofuel, like bioethanol, products are in a market that is working together as no renewable sources of energy are vanishing. Lignocellulosic biomass has an important role to play in biofuel, whether it is new or waste. Agriculture waste is one of the lignocellulosic sources that need to be consumed, and for that, pretreatment is one of the crucial processes. There are several pretreatment processes out there, but the biological method is one of the ways that includes the microbial method of disintegration of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. This method does not do any kind of pollution or keep the environment clean. It has bacteria and fungi that play a role in destroying the cellulosic part of agricultural waste. Microbial fermentation and enzymatic method come under this biological method of pretreatment. Because it is also an environment-friendly process, but it has some drawbacks that pull this method behind. In this chapter, biological methods of pretreatment and their advantage and disadvantage for industrial substrate deconstruction will be discussed. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.