Yazar "Korkanc, Selma Yasar" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 10 / 10
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Effects of afforestation on soil organic carbon and other soil properties(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2014) Korkanc, Selma YasarSoil organic carbon (SOC) makes up a significant portion of the worlds terrestrial carbon stocks, and changes in land-use and land cover are changing soil carbon stocks. This study investigated the effects on soil organic carbon and some other soil properties of afforestation efforts using 15-year-old Pinus nigra Am. Subsp. nigra (Black Pine) and Cedrus libani A. Rich (Lebanon cedar) on bare land in the semi-arid Nigde Akkaya dam watershed for erosion control and green belt creation. Soil samples were collected from three land use types (Black Pine planted, Lebanon cedar planted area and bare land) at two soil depths (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm) and replicated three times. Among the soil properties substantially affected by the change in land cover are soil organic carbon, bulk density, particle density, water holding capacity and total porosity. Generally, soil organic carbon was observed to increase after afforestation. Soil organic carbon (SOC) values were 1.09% and 1.13% in Black Pine and the Cedar area, respectively. These values were significantly higher than the values for the bare land soils (0.54%). For all types of land use, the amount of SOC in the soils decreased with depth. The amount of carbon sequestrated in Black Pine, Cedar and bare land sites at depths of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm were 18.20 t/ha and 16.33 t/ha, 23.54 t/ha and 1238 t/ha and 112 t/ha and 7.22 t/ha, respectively. The bulk density values obtained from the 0-10 cm layer soils in the afforested lands (1.53 g/cm(3) for Black Pine and 1.58 g/cm(3) for Cedar) were different from and lower than those in bare land (1.75 g/cm(3)). Afforestation efforts led to an increase in water holding capacity (WHC) of the soil. Total porosity (TP) of the 0-10 cm layer soils increased after afforestation. This study indicated that on degraded land in a semiarid region, afforestation increased soil carbon sequestration, improved some soil properties and reduced erosion over a 15-year period. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of land use/cover change on heavy metal distribution of soils in wetlands and ecological risk assessment(Elsevier, 2024) Korkanc, Selma Yasar; Korkanc, Mustafa; Amiri, Ahmad FaridThis study aimed to determine the impact of land use/cover changes on the heavy metal content in the Sultan Marshland and surrounding area and assess the pollution status. 54 topsoil samples (0-20 cm) were collected from the Rangeland, Farmland, Scrubland, Southern Marshland, Northern Marshland, and Dry Lake areas. The heavy metal contents of the soil samples (Cr, Pb, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Mn, Cd, Mo, As, and Ni) were determined using ICP-MS and ICP-OES devices. The impact of land use/cover change on soil heavy metal content was evaluated using variance analysis, while differences between groups were identified using the Duncan test. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted to identify potential sources of heavy metals. The contamination status of the soils was evaluated based on land use/cover using the Contamination Factor (Cf), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Ecological Risk Factor (Er), and Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI). Changes in land use/cover around the Sultan Marshlands affected heavy metal distribution of the soils except for Cd. Among all land use/cover types, Fe concentration was the highest in the soils, while Cd concentration was the lowest. Soils in Southern Marshland exhibited higher average concentrations of Cr, Fe, Zn, Co, Cu, and Ni compared to other land uses/covers. Farmlands and rangelands had higher concentrations of Cd, As and Pb. Land use/cover was ranked based on the total heavy metal load in the following order in terms of average values: Southern Marshland > Scrubland > Farmland > Rangeland > Northern Marshland > Dry Lake. According to Cf, the soils in the Dry Lake were exposed to considerable levels of As contamination. Based on PLI, half of the soil sampling points in the Southern Marshland soils showed a degradation in environmental quality. Er indicated that all land uses moderately polluted with Cd. According to the average PERI, all soils under different land use/ cover types were categorized as having a low ecological risk. It was believed that heavy metals originated from both natural and human activities. To ensure the sustainability of the ecosystem and to mitigate the risk of heavy metal pollution entering the food chain, it is recommended to manage farming and mining activities and land use habits.Öğe EFFECTS OF LAND-USE CHANGE ON SOME HYDRO-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2009) Korkanc, Selma Yasar; Hizal, Ahmet; Ozyuvaci, NecdetThis study was conducted to determine the effects of different land-use types on hydro-physical properties of topsoil in Bartin-Iskalan Creek Catchment located in Western Black Sea region. Duplicate topsoil samples were taken using steel cylinders (400 cm 3) at 100 different sampling points from 3 different land-use types (34 from farmlands, 34 from rangelands and 32 from forests). Data were analyzed using ANOVA, and means were compared by Tukey's test. Results indicated that forests had the highest organic matter content (4.17%), total porosity (46.66%), water holding capacity (34.19%), hydraulic conductivity (24.75 cm/h), moisture content at field capacity (29.62%) and available water (6.94%), whereas rangelands had the lowest hydraulic conductivity (2.33 cm/h), water holding capacity (29.46%), total porosity (43.08%), and organic matter content (2.73%), and farmlands had the lowest moisture content at the field capacity (28.73%) and available water capacity (3.01%) in their topsoils.Öğe Effects of Land-Use Change on the Soil Organic Carbon and Selected Soil Properties in the Sultan Marshes, Turkey(Springer, 2022) Korkanc, Selma Yasar; Korkanc, Mustafa; Mert, Muhammet Huseyin; Gecili, Abdurrahman; Serengil, YusufThis study aims to assess the effects of land-use changes on the carbon storage capacity and some soil properties of The Sultan Marshes, a wetland partially drained and converted to other land uses during the middle of the last century. Undisturbed soil sampling was performed in different land-use types (rangelands, shrubs, marsh, agriculture, and dried lake area) in the wetland area at depths of 0-50 cm, and soil organic carbon (SOC), bulk density, and carbon stocks of soils for each land use type were calculated at 10 cm soil depth levels. Furthermore, disturbed soil samples were taken at two soil depths (0-20 cm and 20-40 cm), and the particle size distribution, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), aggregate stability and dispersion ratio (DR) properties of the soils were analyzed. Data were processed using ANOVA, Duncan's test, and Pearson's correlation analysis. The soil properties affected by the land-use change were SOC, carbon stock, pH, EC, aggregate stability, clay, silt, sand contents, and bulk density. SOC and carbon stocks were high in rangeland, marsh, and shrub land, while low in agriculture and drained lake areas. As the soil depth increased, SOC and carbon stock decreased. The organic carbon content of the soils exhibited positive relationships with aggregate stability, clay, and carbon stock, while it showed a negative correlation with bulk density, pH, and DR. The results showed that s drainage and conversion of the wetland caused a significant decrease in the carbon contents of the soils.Öğe Effects of litter layer on some exchangeable cations in Belgrad Forest, Turkey(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2008) Korkanc, Selma Yasar; Serengil, YusufThe paper presents a synthesis of a set of experiments, implemented to investigate the acid buffering mechanism of Belgrad Forest soils. Previous studies carried out in the region, pointed out the exposure of Belgrad Forest ecosystems to acid deposition. Between 1999 and 2001, we performed a set of supplementary studies, focusing on the hydrogen buffering, part of the issue. Ceramic cup lysimeters were installed to various soil depths, and the soil water ionic composition was monitored to determine the main buffering, zones among the horizons. The upper 20 cm, litter layer and Ah horizon, were identified to have the main exchange mechanisms, decreasing the hydrogen ion activity from 22.82 mu eq L-1 to 0.56 mu eq L-1. To identify the role of litter layer, a litter removal parcel study was employed. After the litter removal, soil samples were taken bimonthly from two depths (0-12 and 12-20 cm) for a 1-year period of time, to determine changes in soil properties. Organic matter content and pH were slightly higher in the upper 12 cm. Finally, the exchange capacities of single-valenced base cations, Na+ and K+ were compared with a retention curve experiment in laboratory. The cation retention capacities of the soil samples rich in organic matter were lower than the ones with less organic matter. The results of the three experiments revealed that, even though the upper soil horizons were responsible of hydrogen buffering in the region, the litter layer or humus layer did not have a particular role.Öğe Evaluation of spatial and temporal water quality in the Akkaya dam watershed (Nigde, Turkey) and management implications(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Korkanc, Selma Yasar; Kayikci, Sedef; Korkanc, MustafaThe aim of this study is to investigate the water pollution in the Akkaya Dam watershed spatially and temporally and put forward management suggestions in a watershed scale. For this purpose, monthly water sampling was performed from 11 sampling stations on streams that fed the dam. According to land surveys they have a potential to inflict pollution to the dam. Thus the physical and chemical parameters (i.e. pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, temperature, chemical oxygen demand, turbidity and suspended solids) were monitored monthly for 1-year period. Chloride, sulfate, total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate were monitored for a 6-month period, and the results were evaluated in accordance with the Turkish Regulation of Surface Water Quality Management. Results of the study show that the most important reasons for the- pollution in the dam are caused by domestic and industrial wastewaters, which were released to the system without being treated, or without being sufficiently treated, and also of agricultural activities. It was determined that electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, nitrite, nitrate, total nitrogen, sulfate, and chloride parameters which were high at the sampling stations where domestic and industrial wastewaters discharge were present. pH and temperature demonstrate a difference at a significant level by seasons. As a result of the study, it was determined that the water was of IVth quality in terms of nitrate, chemical oxygen demand, and total nitrogen, and it was of 111rd quality water with respect to ammonium, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen. It was observed that the dam outflow water was of IVth quality with respect to nitrate, chemical oxygen demand, and total nitrogen, and of IIIrd quality with respect to dissolved oxygen and electrical conductivity. It is considered that the pollution problem in the Akkaya Dam can only be resolved with prevention studies on a watershed scale. Therefore, coordination between the institutions is necessary. The preparation for the integrated water management plan of the watershed will provide a significant contribution to the solution of the water quality problem. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Impacts of recreational human trampling on selected soil and vegetation properties of Aladag Natural Park, Turkey(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2014) Korkanc, Selma YasarA controlled trampling study was conducted in Nigde-Aladag Mountains Natural Park, a popular destination for recreational activity, to explore the short-term impacts of different trampling intensities (0, 25, 75, 200, 500 passes) on soil and vegetation. Short-term recreational trampling activities do not significantly affect most of the topsoil properties. The most affected soil properties are total porosity and soil penetration resistance. The soil penetration resistance of topsoils significantly increased after 200 and 500 pass plots compared to the control plots. The soil penetration resistance, which was 3.78 kg/cm(2) in the topsoil of control plots, reached 6.06 kg/cm(2) after 500 passes. Total porosity of topsoils in 500 passes was significantly different from the control plots. While the total porosity was 52.38% in the topsoil of control plots, it decreased to 41.41% after 500 passes. In the short-term, the other soil properties remain the same in general. The relative vegetation cover and relative vegetation height also significantly decrease after trampling. The relative vegetation cover, which declined to 84% after 25 passes, decreased to 67% after 500 passes. Relative vegetation height was 69% after 25 passes and decreased to 27% after 500 passes. The significant decrease in total vegetation cover was observed after 200 and 500 passes. Compared to the control lane, vegetation height was significantly different from the 25, 75, 200 and 500 passes. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe The effects of mulching with organic materials on the soil nutrient and carbon transport by runoff under simulated rainfall conditions(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2021) Korkanc, Selma Yasar; Sahin, HalilThe aim of this study is to reveal the effects of different organic mulch materials and application at different rates on the transport of nitrate nitrogen (NO3), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+), total nitrogen (TN), phosphate phosphorus (PO4-3)and total organic carbon (TOC) by runoff under the laboratory conditions and determine whether they affect the pH and electrical conductivity (EC) values in runoff after the application. Three different organic mulch materials (dry weed, wheat straw, and peanut hay) were applied on experimental plots prepared using Cambisol soils developed on sedimentary bedrock under laboratory conditions at four different rates (0 t/ha, 2 t/ha, 4 t/ha, and 6 t/ha). The experimental plots were placed on a smooth surface with a 9% slope, and simulated rainfall was applied at an intensity of 97 mm/h for 1 h. Runoff was collected, and NO3, NH4+, TN, PO4-3, TOC, pH, and EC were analysed. According to the results, peanut hay and straw mulch applications reduced NH(4)(+)concentrations in runoff. The most effective mulch type in reducing NO3 concentration was straw mulch at a rate of 4 t/ha. All three mulch types increased the concentration of TN, TOC, and PO4-3 in runoff. The lowest TN transport in water was found in the plots with straw mulch at 4 t/ha. The lowest TOC transport was found in plots with mulch application at a rate of 2 t/ha. The minimum PO4-3 loss was found in dry weed mulch treatments at a rate of 2 t/ha. Mulch applications generally increased the pH and EC values of runoff. In general, straw mulch reducing nutrient and TOC transport by runoff, followed by dry weed mulch applications. The type and application rate of mulches should be chosen carefully in terms of protecting water resources.Öğe The efficiency of different mulch types and dose applications on runoff, soil, and nutrient losses under simulated rainfall(Wiley, 2024) Korkanc, Selma Yasar; Sahin, HalilMulching is one of the best management practices used in soil and water conservation studies. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of different mulch types and doses on runoff coefficient (Rc), soil loss (Er), sediment concentration (Sc), time to ponding (tp), runoff generation time (tr), percolated (pw) and retained (rw) water and total losses of nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+), total nitrogen (TN), phosphate-phosphorus (PO43-), and total organic carbon (TOC) under simulated rainfall in the laboratory. Three different mulch materials (dry weed, peanut hay, and wheat straw) were applied at four different doses (0, 2, 4, and 6 t/ha) on the experimental plots. A simulated rainfall intensity of 97 mm/s was applied for an hour. All mulch types and doses reduced Rc, and the most effective reduction was found in 2 t/ha dry weed mulch applied plots. The most effective application for reducing soil loss was 6 t/ha peanut hay mulch. The most effective application for delaying the ponding time and runoff generation time was the 4 t/ha application of wheat straw mulch. The highest pw and rw were found in 6 t/ha and 4 t/ha doses of dry weed mulch applications, respectively. The most effective application for reducing NH4+ losses was found in 4 t/ha wheat straw application plots. The most effective mulch type and dose for reducing NO3- loss was 6 t/ha of dry weed mulch. The lowest TN loss was found in the plots where 6 t/ha of peanut hay mulch was applied. In terms of PO43- losses, the lowest loss was in 6 t/ha of dry weed mulch plots. The lowest TOC loss was at 4 t/ha of straw mulch applications. Mulching can be a good natural-based solution for reducing soil, water, and nutrient loss. However, different mulch types and doses should be tested for different environmental conditions to determine the most cost-effective mulch type and dose.Öğe Toxic gas emissions from the Kayseri peat deposit, central Anatolia, Turkey(INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES, 2012) Sener, Mehmet; Korkanc, Mustafa; Sener, M. Furkan; Korkanc, Selma Yasar; Ozgur, F. ZaferToxic gases evolving from the soil in urbanized peatland regions constitute a serious hazard since buildings may be subject to the direct ingress of volatiles into the structures. Peat formed in swamp and rarely exposed to subaerial conditions has been associated with the development of the folded foreland of the Quaternary Kayseri pull-apart basin. The peat deposit is extensively urbanized but so far no studies have evaluated the extent of the ground gas hazard. In this paper, the geology, petrography and chemical variation of the Kayseri peat deposit have been studied in order to predict the public health risk from the land gases' behaviour, especially in soil gases. The main volatile species detected are methane (CH4), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2), all of which are highly toxic. The primary means of gas entry is directly from the ground through the floors, walls, and especially subsurface telephone cable pipes. Indoor vents emit 1000-70,000 ppm CH4, 330-49,000 ppm CO2 and 3.8-6.5 ppm H2S in soil and subsurface pipes; concentrations high enough to present an acute respiratory hazard to persons close to the vents.
