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    A Review on Phyto-pharmacology of Oxalis corniculata
    (Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2022) Sarfraz, Iqra; Rasul, Azhar; Hussain, Ghulam; Shah, Muhammad Ajmal; Nageen, Bushra; Jabeen, Farhat; Selamoglu, Zeliha
    Oxalis corniculata (Oxalidaceae) is a small decumbent and delicate appearing medicinal herb flourishing in warm temperate and tropical domains such as Pakistan and India. Main bioactive chemical constituents of Oxalis plant include several alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, and phlobatannins, along with steroids. Due to its polyphenolic, glycosides and flavonoid profile, it is proved to be protective in numerous ailments and exhibit various biological activities such as anti-fungal, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, and cardioprotective. Moreover, bioactive phytochemicals from this plant possess significant wound healing potential. Our current effort intends to emphasize on the immense significance of this plant species, which have not been the subject matter of clinical trials and effective pharmacological studies, even though its favored usage has been stated. This review proposes that Oxalis corniculata possess a potential for the cure of various diseases. However, further researches on isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds along with pre-clinical trials are compulsory to figure out its pharmacological applications.
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    Curcumol: From Plant Roots to Cancer Roots
    (Ivyspring Int Publ, 2019) Wei, Wei; Rasul, Azhar; Sadiqa, Ayesha; Sarfraz, Iqra; Hussain, Ghulam; Nageen, Bushra; Liu, Xintong
    Natural products, an infinite treasure of bioactive scaffolds, have provided an excellent reservoir for the discovery of drugs since millennium. These naturally occurring, biologically active and therapeutically effective chemical entities have emerged as novel paradigm for the prevention of various diseases. This review aims to give an update on the sources as well as pharmacological profile of curcumol, a pharmacologically active sesquiterpenoid, which is an imperative bioactive constituent of several plants mainly from genus Curcuma. Curcumol has potential to fight against cancer, oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, microbial infections, and inflammation. Curcumol has been documented as potent inducer of apoptosis in numerous cancer cells via targeting key signaling pathways as MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt and NF-kappa B which are generally deregulated in several cancers. The reported data reveals multitarget activity of curcumol in cancer treatment suggesting its importance as anticancer drug in future. It is speculated that curcumol may provide an excellent opportunity for the cure of cancer but further investigations on mechanism of its action and preclinical trials are still mandatory to further validate the potential of this natural cancer killer in anticancer therapies.
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    Eupatilin: a natural pharmacologically active flavone compound with its wide range applications
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Nageen, Bushra; Sarfraz, Iqra; Rasul, Azhar; Hussain, Ghulam; Rukhsar, Fariha; Irshad, Somia; Riaz, Ammara
    Eupatilin (5,7-dihydroxy-3 ',4 ',6-trimethoxyflavone) is a pharmacologically active flavone which has been isolated from a variety of medicinal plants. Eupatilin is known to possess various pharmacological properties such as anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory. It is speculated that eupatilin could be subjected to structural optimization for the synthesis of derivative analogs to reinforce its efficacy, to minimize toxicity, and to optimize absorption profiles, which will ultimately lead towards potent drug candidates. Although, reported data acclaim multiple pharmacological activities of eupatilin but further experimentations on its molecular mechanism of action are yet mandatory to elucidate full spectrum of its pharmacological activities.
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    Ficus benghalensis: A plant with potential pharmacological properties, from tradition to pharmacy
    (Pharmacotherapy Group, 2023) Tahir, Muhammad Mateen; Rasul, Azhar; Riaz, Ammara; Batool, Rabia; Nageen, Bushra; Adnan, Muhammad; Sarfraz, Iqra
    Purpose: To undertake an overview of the potential pharmacological properties of Ficus benghalensisis.Methods: Data were acquired from several online sources, including Scopus, Elsevier Science Direct, PubMed, and Sci-Hub, using the keywords Ficus benghalensis, medicinal plants, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer.Results: Ficus benghalensis has valuable secondary metabolites including terpenoids, ketones, coumarins, oentacyclic, furocoumarin, flavonols, flavonoids, sterols, esters, carbohydrates, carboxylic acid, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Due to its phytochemical profile, it is regarded as a plant with potential pharmacological properties such as anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, anthelmintic, and anti-angiogenic. This review highlights the phytochemistry, traditional uses and pharmacological potential of Ficus benghalensis.Conclusion: Ficus benghalensis has potentials for treating several ailments. However, further research, including in vivo studies and preclinical trials, is necessary to ascertain its biological and pharmacological uses accurately.
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    Jaceosidin: A Natural Flavone with Versatile Pharmacological and Biological Activities
    (Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2021) Nageen, Bushra; Rasul, Azhar; Hussain, Ghulam; Shah, Muhammad A.; Anwar, Haseeb; Hussain, Syed M.; Uddin, Md Sahab
    Nature always remains an inexhaustible source of treasures for mankind. It remains a mystery for every challenge until the completion of the challenge. While we talk about the complicated health issues, nature offers us a great variety of chemical scaffolds and their various moieties packed in the form of natural products e.g., plants, microorganisms (fungi, algae, protozoa), and terrestrial vertebrates and invertebrates. This review article is an update about jaceosidin, a bioactive flavone, from genus Artemisia. This potentially active compound exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-allergic and anti-cancer activities. The bioactivities and the therapeutic action of jaceosidin, especially the modulation of different cell signaling pathways (ERK1/2, NF-kappa B, PI3K/Akt and ATM-Chk1/2) which become deregulated in various pathological disorders, have been focused here. The reported data suggest that the bioavailability of this anti-cancer compound should be enhanced by utilizing various chemical, biological and computational techniques. Moreover, it is recommended that researchers and scientists should work on exploring the mode of action of this particular flavone to precede it further as a potent anti-cancer compound.
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    Physcion and Physcion 8-O-?-D-glucopyranoside: Natural Anthraquinones with Potential Anticancer Activities
    (Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2021) Adnan, Muhammad; Rasul, Azhar; Hussain, Ghulam; Shah, Muhammad Ajmal; Sarfraz, Iqra; Nageen, Bushra; Riaz, Ammara
    Nature has provided prodigious reservoirs of pharmacologically active compounds for drug development since times. Physcion and physcion 8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (PG) are bioactive natural anthraquinones which exert anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties with minimum or no adverse effects. Moreover, physcion also exhibits anti-microbial and hepatoprotective properties, while PG is known to have anti-sepsis as well as ameliorative activities against dementia. This review aims to highlight the natural sources and anticancer activities of physcion and PG, along with associated mechanisms of actions. On the basis of the literature, physcion and PG regulate multitudinous cell signaling pathways through the modulation of various regulators of cell cycle, protein kinases, microRNAs, transcriptional factors, and apoptosis linked proteins resulting in the effective killing of cancerous cells in vitro as well as in vivo. Both compounds effectively suppress metastasis, furthermore, physcion acts as an inhibitor of 6PGD and also plays an important role in chemosensitization. This review article suggests that physcion and PG are potent anticancer drug candidates, but further investigations on their mechanism of action and pre-clinical trials are mandatory in order to comprehend the full potential of these natural cancer killers in anticancer remedies.