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    DTI Measurements for Huntington Disease Using Mricloud
    (2024) Arslan, Ayla; Nisari, Mehtap; Güler, Emel; Uzun, Gökçe Bağcı; Gültekin, Murat; Dönmez, Halil; Bağcı, Keziban
    Aim: Neurodegenerative diseases are important health problems that affect many people. In this study, it was aimed to examine the brain regions of Huntington's patients by performing brain parcellation. Material and Method: 8 controls and 8 Huntington's patients participated in the study. We measured four Diffusion Tensor Imaging metrics which were axial diffusivity, mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity and fractional anisotropy performing brain parcellation over Diffusion Tensor Imaging for control and patient groups. We used a full automated data-driven approach to study the whole brain, divided in regions of interest using mricloud. Results: When the huntington disease group compared to control group, We found that mean diffusivity and axial diffusivity increased frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, corpus callosum, white matter, limbic and subcortical structures, and radial diffusivity increased corpus callosum, capsula interna (p<0.05). The fractional anisotropy value was higher in nucleus caudatus, putamen and a significant difference was observed (p<0.05). Conclusion: The increase of axial diffusivity and mean diffusivity values axonal degeneration and demyelination of frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, corpus callosum, white matter, limbic, subcortical structures; increased radial diffusivity values dysmyelination of the corpus callosum and capsula interna; fractional anisotropy increased values in nucleus caudatus and putamen may indicate a degenerative process, axon loss and inflammation.
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    Investigation of the potential teratogenic effects of fructose on the embryo using the rat whole embryo culture model
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Gür, Hatice Emel; Balcıoğlu, Esra; Patat, Dilara; Uçar, Sümeyye; Gür, Fatih Mehmet; Yalçın, Betül; Nisari, Mehtap
    Excessive consumption of fructose-sweetened foods and beverages is a growing concern worldwide. Studies have demonstrated that fructose consumption before and during pregnancy can result in adverse outcomes such as decreased decidualization, increased fetal losses, and low birth weight. The study investigated the teratogenic effects of fructose on rat embryos during organogenesis using whole embryo culture. Within the scope of the study, 4 groups were formed as control, low, medium, and high-dose fructose (HDF) with 10 embryos in each group. The 9.5-day-old rat embryos were cultured with different concentrations of fructose (1, 5 and 10 mM) for 48 h and the possible effects of fructose were examined using morphological scoring, histochemistry, immunofluorescence, and TUNEL methods. According to the analyses, protein synthesis and proliferation were decreased, vascular formation was suppressed, and apoptosis was increased in embryos exposed to fructose, especially at concentrations of 5 mM and above. According to the morphological scoring results, it was determined that heart, hind limb, and somite development were retarded in all experimental groups compared to the control group, developmental retardation increased in direct proportion to fructose concentration, and also significant malformations were observed in all parameters examined in the HDF group. In addition, analysis of yolk sac diameter, head length, crown rump length and somite numbers showed that these parameters were significantly decreased in all experimental groups. End of the study, it was concluded that fructose at concentrations of 1 mM and above may induce embryonic development retardation and other anomalies by decreasing protein synthesis and cell proliferation, suppressing vascular formation, and increasing apoptosis in embryonic tissues. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
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    The effect of ionizing radiation on the fetal bone development in pregnant rats: Role of melatonin
    (Wiley, 2024) Tokpinar, Adem; Nisari, Mehtap; Yilmaz, Seher; Yay, Arzu; Yildiz, Oguz Galip; Balcioglu, Esra; Alisan, Pinar
    Radiation has been widely used in many business sectors over the last century. Our study investigated the possible teratogenic effects of radiation on the bones of rat fetuses and the protective effect of melatonin against these effects. In this study, 15 pregnant female Wistar albino rats were used. These rats were divided into four groups: the control group, melatonin group (10 mg/kg/day), radiation group (0.5 gray), radiation (0.5 gray) + melatonin group (10 mg/kg/day), and sham group (1 mm hanks/day). The skeletal system development of fetuses was examined with double skeletal and scanning electron microscope (SEM), histopathological methods. In our study, fetal weight, placental weight, and fetal morphometric values were found to be statistically significantly decreased in the radiation group compared to the control group (p < .05). In immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis, alkaline phosphatase, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) concentrations were found to be significantly lower in the radiation group compared to the other groups. In the SEM analysis, it was observed that the amount of calcium and sodium decreased when the radiation group was compared with the other groups. As a result, when exposed to ionizing radiation during pregnancy, melatonin has a protective feature against the negative effects of radiation on the bone development of fetuses.
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    The Effect of Triclosan on In vitro Embryonic Development in Rat
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2020) Cayan, Dicle; Unur, Erdogan; Nisari, Mehtap; Patat, Dilara; Dagli, Ertugrul; Akalin, Hilal
    Triclosan (TCS) is a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent showing its effect by deactivating the fatty acid synthesis of bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of TCS on in vitro embryonic development in rats and to determine the levels of caspases 2, 7, 8, and 9 inducing cells to apoptosis through gene expression. According to the TCS dose added to the culture whole rat serum, 3 experimental groups and a control group were formed with each including 10 embryos. After 48 h culturing period, embryos were subjected to morphological scoring for developmental evaluation. The levels of caspases 2, 7, 8, and 9 were measured by performing gene expression on 40 embryos. Significant decreases were obtained in all parameters of morphological scoring in the experimental groups as the dose of TCS increased. While the caspase-2 level showed a significant decrease among the groups and was inversely proportional to the level of TCS, the caspase-9 level showed a significant increase among the groups and was directly proportional to the level of TCS. In conclusion, TCS was determined to cause apoptosis in the cells via the intrinsic pathway during pregnancy period and lead to embryonic growth retardation, which increased with increased dose of TCS.
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    The Role of Folic Acid in Rat Embryo Development in a Hypoxic Environment: An Experimental Study
    (Erciyes Univ Sch Medicine, 2024) Dagli, Ertugrul; Nisari, Mehtap; Patat, Dilara; Cayan, Dicle; Atay, Em re; Ertekin, Tolga; Ucar, Sumeyye
    Objective: Folic acid (FA) is a key antioxidant with substantial metabolic roles, and research has demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing congenital anatomical development disorders. This study explores the impact of folic acid on embryo development under hypoxia-induced conditions in embryo cultures. Materials and Methods: Female Wistar albino rats, aged 4-10 months and weighing 150- 250 grams, were utilized for this research. Embryos were extracted from the maternal womb on the 9.5 (th )day of pregnancy. We established six groups, each consisting of 10 embryos: Control (C), Hypoxia (H), 1 mmol FA (1FA), 2 mmol FA (2FA), Hypoxia + 1 mmol FA (H1FA), and Hypoxia + 2 mmol FA (H2FA). Following a 48 -hour culture period, the groups were assessed morphologically. Results: When comparing the morphological parameters of the Control and Hypoxia groups, it was statistically demonstrated that the Control group completed its development, whereas the Hypoxia group exhibited insufficient development (p<0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the Hypoxia group and the Hypoxia + 1 mmol FA and Hypoxia + 2 mmol FA groups (p<0.05). Both the Hypoxia + 1 mmol FA and Hypoxia + 2 mmol FA groups demonstrated better embryonic development compared to the Hypoxia group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study has established that FA has positive effects on embryos exposed to hypoxic conditions, which result in developmental delays.