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    Optic and dielectric properties of different amount NiFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles loaded hydrogels: Synthetic circuits applications
    (Electrochemical Society Inc., 2018) Okutan M.; Coşkun R.; Öztürk M.; Özsucu C.; Yalçın O.
    Loaded hydrogels with different amount (2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5% and 10.0%) NiFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles have been prepared for elastic optoelectronic devices in nano size via the copolymerization technics. All samples have been characterized by the UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The resistance changes were analyzed by calculating from the slope of the current-voltage plots. The optical band gaps of the NiFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles loaded hydrogels decreases with increase of loading of nanoparticles amount. At room temperature (RT), frequency and applied bias voltage dependence of complex impedance, electric modulus, tangent factor and ionic conductivity have been studied with the impedance spectroscopy (IS). In addition, frequency and applied bias voltage of dependence on dielectric properties for NiFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles loaded hydrogels were compared with each other. Frequency evolution of the dielectric properties are drastically effected interface and electrode polarization. The lowest and highest values of the ? and ? were determined for 10% and 2.5% loaded NiFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles depend on applied bias voltage. The complex impedance based Cole-Cole diagrams and their adopted to Smith-Chart have been analyzed for synthetic equivalent resistance-capacitance circuits via frequency. The UV-Vis absorption values decreases and the conductivity values increases with increase because of increasing NiFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles amount and the grain size of loaded hydrogels structure in general. Different amount NiFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles loaded hydrogels will provide great benefits for optoelectronics and non-linear optical applications in the nanotechnology and photovoltaic devices. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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    Origin of the synthetic circuits and comparison effects of different dose malachite green oxalate doped hydrogel
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Coşkun R.; Okutan M.; Öztürk M.; Yalçın O.
    Different concentration malachite green oxalate (MGO) dye doped stretchable hydrogel have been prepared for synthetic circuits in flexible organic electronic devices by using the polymerization method. Frequency evolution of the tangent factor, complex impedance, phase angles, electric modulus, capacitance, and ionic conductivity for MGO dye doped hydrogel were investigated by using the impedance spectroscopy (IS) in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 40 MHz at room temperature (RT). The total polarization effects, the electric modulus-based Cole-Cole diagrams and their adopted to Smith-Chart were analyzed by the ion-migration in the hydrogel channels. The critical frequency of the imaginary part of the electric modulus increases with increasing MGO concentrations from 50 mg/L to 100 mg/L but excluding 25 mg/L. It was observed the alternative behaviour for 75 mg/L doped hydrogel originated from the fluctuation behaviour of interview interaction between MGO cationic ions and hydrogel bond. The highest and lowest values of capacitance for 25 mg/L and 75 mg/L concentrations were recorded at low frequency (LF). It was found that the conductivity properties are related to the change in the grain size of hydrogel structure because of increasing MGO concentrations. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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    Origin of the synthetic circuits and the Brownian motion in stretchable crystal violet doped and biocompatible composite hydrogels
    (Elsevier B.V., 2018) Öztürk M.; Coşkun R.; Okutan M.; Yalçın O.
    Crystal violet dye doped hydrogels as real materials with varying doses have been prepared for smart synthetic circuits in flexible electronic devices by using the polymerization technique. The electric modulus-based Cole-Cole diagrams and their adopted to Smith-Chart, frequency evolution of the dielectric properties, and correlation effects in a viscoelastic (Maxwell) system were analyzed by using the impedance spectroscopy at room temperature. The synthetic electric circuits, the Brownian motion, the viscoelastic/relaxation behavior, the fluctuation feature of the concentrations and the total polarization effects are observed for the crystal violet doped biocompatible hydrogels. The observed circuit and Brownian motion in Maxwell system originated from the interaction between dye ions and hydrogels, coulomb interaction between crystal violet dye molecules and oxygen groups, and the ion-migration in the composite hydrogels channels. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.