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Öğe Are VEGF and SCUBE1 gene expressions increased in diabetic retinopathy?(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2023) Ayan, Durmus; Zor, Kuersad Ramazan; Ozmen, Esma; Bicer, Gamze Yildirim; Onder, Cagatay Emir; Sari, IsmailObjectives: In the current study, we synergistically evaluated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression levels and signal peptide-CUB-EGF domain-containing protein 1 (SCUBE1) gene expression levels in diabetic patients without retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods: 94 blood samples from 26 healthy controls, 29 non-DR, 22 NPDR, and 17 PDR patients were collected in sterile EDTA tubes. Total RNA was obtained from these samples without waiting and then converted to cDNA. The expression levels of the VEGF and SCUBE1 genes were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain re-action (qPCR).Results: SCUBE1 gene expression levels were 2.15 (p=0.015), 1.75 (p=0.799), 2.37 (p=0.037) times higher, and VEGF gene expression levels were 1.71 (p=0.023), 1.75 (p=0.012), 1.85 (p=0.031) times higher in the non-DR, NPDR, and PDR groups compared to the control group, respectively. VEGF gene expression levels were significantly higher in participants with HbA1c levels >= 5.7% compared to those with < 5.7. SCUBE1 and VEGF gene expression levels were significantly higher in participants with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels >= 126 mg/dL than those with < 126 mg/dL.Conclusions: As a result, SCUBE1 gene expression levels are higher than VEGF gene expression levels, especially in the PDR group. Therefore, SCUBE1 may contribute to the pathology of DR just like VEGF by generating angiogenesis. However, we believe there isa need for experimental animal model studies with DR examining SCUBE1 gene expression levels in tissue samples.Öğe Examination of the relationship between variants in the gene region encoding soluble epoxy hydrolase enzyme hydrolytic activity and type 2 diabetes(Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2024) Ozmen, Esma; Ayan, Durmus; Onder, Cagatay Emir; Akin, Dilara Fatma; Kose, Burcu; Sari, Ismail; Yazici, CevatAim: Epoxyeicosanoids function as signal mediators in critical biological processes such as platelet aggregation, vasodilation, and anti -inflammation. With all these properties, Epoxyeicosanoids have been associated with many diseases. Metabolism of epoxyeicosanoids is carried out by soluble epoxide hydrolase enzymes, and as a result dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids, which is a less active form than epoxyeicosanoids, are formed. In our study, SNP/mutation analysis was performed in the gene region responsible for the hydrolase activity of EPHX2, which encodes the soluble epoxide hydrolase enzyme. Material and Methods: The study consisted of two groups: a healthy group with 30 individuals and a T2DM patient group with 40 individuals. SNP/mutation analysis in the gene region responsible for the hydrolase activity of EPHX2 in both groups was performed by Sanger sequencing using appropriate primers. Result: A total of 12 mutations were detected in both groups as a result of Sanger sequencing. Two of the 12 detected mutations were missense mutations (p.Asn359Thr and p.Ser412Arg). It was determined that the pathogenic scores of these mutations were close to 1 for Poly-Phen2 and 0-100 for SNAP. In addition, two (c.1058+165C>T and c.1058+146G>A) SNPs were detected in the intron we observed in the T2DM group, which has not been detected and defined before in our study. Discussion: We believe that the mutations detected in our study, especially those that cause amino acid changes, may cause T2DM susceptibility in healthy individuals and progression of the disease pathogenesis in the T2DM group. We think that the detection of c.1058+165C>T and c.1058+146G>A mutations for the first time in our study will guide the next studies.Öğe Pupillary response changes in Graves' disease(Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2023) Bicer, Gamze Yildirim; Onder, Cagatay Emir; Zor, Kursad RamazanPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate pupillary contraction and dilatation response changes in Graves' disease. Materials and Methods: The patient group consisted of 55 euthyroid Graves patients and the control group consisted of 55 healthy individuals. Data from the right eyes of all participants were used. Static (scotopic, mesopic, photopic) and dynamic pupillometry measurements were performed with automatic pupillometry. The mean pupil dilatation speed was calculated according to dynamic measurements. Static measurements, dynamic measurements and the mean pupil dilatation speed data were compared between the patient and control groups.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in all static and dynamic values and the mean pupil dilatation speed. The mean scotopic pupil diameter was 5.41 & PLUSMN;0.776 mm in Graves' group and 5.55 & PLUSMN;0.747 mm in the control group. The mean mesopic pupil diameter was 4.39 & PLUSMN;0.721 in Graves' group and 4.17 & PLUSMN;0.640 mm in the control group. The mean photopic pupil diameter was 3.45 & PLUSMN;0,549 mm in Graves' group and 3.29 & PLUSMN;0.679 mm in the control group. The mean dynamic pupil diameter 0th second was 3, 54 & PLUSMN;0.541 mm in Graves' group and 3.48 & PLUSMN;0.708 mm in the control group. The mean speed of pupil dilatation at 18th second was 0.116 & PLUSMN;0.031 mm/sec in Graves' group and 0.128 & PLUSMN;0.040 mm/sec in the control group. Age was found to be an independent factor on pupillary parameters.Conclusion: The pupillary parameters of patients with euthyroid hormone levels were not affected. While pupillary responses appeared not to be affected in the case of euthyroidism, more studies including patients with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are needed.Öğe Quality of English-language videos available on YouTube as a source of information on osteoporosis(Springer London Ltd, 2022) Onder, Mustafa Erkut; Onder, Cagatay Emir; Zengin, OrhanA Summary Osteoporosis awareness is essential for preventing osteoporotic fractures. Social media platforms have enormous potential to both support and deter patients' decisions on healthcare. The current study demonstrated that the majority of YouTube videos on osteoporosis provide useful information with sufficient quality. Purpose YouTube is the most popular video-sharing platform for patients seeking online information about their medical condition. However, there are concerns regarding the accuracy and quality of YouTube content. We aimed to analyze the quality of English-language YouTube videos on osteoporosis. Methods A YouTube search was performed on April 21, 2021, using the keywords osteoporosis, osteoporosis exercise, osteoporosis diet, and osteoporosis treatment. The reviewers recorded the content, source, and detailed characteristics of the included videos. The reliability and quality of the videos were analyzed using the modified DISCERN score and Global Quality Scale (GQS) score by a rheumatologist and endocrinologist. Results Of the 400 videos screened, 238 were included in the study after applying the exclusion criteria. A total of 205 (86.1%) videos revealed useful information about osteoporosis whereas 33 (13.9%) were misleading. In terms of quality, 48% of the videos were of high quality, 34% were of moderate quality, and 18% were of low quality. The videos posted by universities and professional organizations had the highest modified DISCERN and GQS scores indicating high reliability and quality. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the majority of YouTube videos on osteoporosis contained useful information with sufficient quality. However, physicians should be aware of misleading information and correct any misinformation during face-to-face meetings with patients. YouTube should consider creating partnerships with professional organizations in the field of osteoporosis to produce high-quality videos in line with their new health content policy.
