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    Genetic diversity and population structure of grapevine Roditis leaf discoloration-associated virus in Turkey vineyards
    (Wiley, 2024) Ulubas-Serce, C.; Aydinlik, S.; Ozturk, Z. N.; Onder, S.; Ciftci, O.; Altan, B.
    Grapevine Roditis leaf discoloration-associated virus (GRLDaV) is a type of virus that infects grapevines. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of GRLDaV in Turkey vineyards and investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of the selected viral isolates from Turkey compared to isolates from other countries. In this study, 800 shoot samples from Turkey vineyards were collected in late spring and autumn from different regions. The samples were analysed by RT-PCR targeting the partial RNaseH-like gene region of the virus genome. The overall prevalence of GRLDaV was 8.1% among the samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the GRLDaV genome showed that the GRLDaV isolates were clustered into two major lineages. The nucleotide diversity (pi) value of Group I, including only Mediterranean isolates, was lower than Group II, suggesting little variation among isolates. Even though pi values were low among the geographical regions in Turkey, the region with the highest nucleotide diversity was the Aegean population, followed by the Eastern and Mediterranean populations. Comparison between nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions showed that negative selection acts on synonymous amino acids. Along with neutrality tests and gene flow analyses, it was emphasized that genetic drift played an important role in shaping the GRLDaV populations. This study provides important information on the prevalence and genetic diversity of GRLDaV in Turkey vineyards. The findings will help to develop better strategies to manage and control this virus, which can cause significant economic losses in grape industries.
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    Studies on the prevalence of several newly-identified viruses infecting grapevines in Turkey
    (Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2020) Serce, C. Ulubas; Onder, S.; Cifci, O.; Altan, B.; Gokce, Z. N. Ozturk; Elci, E.
    Recently, several emerging viruses infecting grapevines have been identified in grapevine growing areas in Turkey. Comprehensive surveys and the development of effective detection tools are required to prevent the entrance and spread of these viruses. Therefore, to detect and gain information on the prevalence of several newly emerging viral pathogens (Grapevine pinot gris virus, GPGV; Grapevine Syrah virus-1, GSyV-1; Grapevine vein clearing virus, GVCV; Grapevine red blotch-associated virus, GRBaV; Grapevine deformation virus, GDefV; Grapevine Anatolian ringspot virus, GARSV) in Turkish vineyards, surveys were performed in 2015-2016 in the most important grapevine producing locations. A total of 1658 grapevine samples were collected from Aegean, Marmara, Mediterranean, eastern and south-eastern Anatolia and central Anatolia Regions of Turkey. The samples were analyzed with PCR or SYBR Green-based real time PCR against GPGV, GSyV-1, GVCV, GRBaV, GDefV and GARSV. Among the tested viruses, the most prevalent one was GPGV with the infection rate of 9.2% followed by GSyV-1 (5.2%) and GDefV ( 1.2%). GVCV, GRBaV and GARSV were not detected among the tested samples. GPGV was in the highest incidence in the Aegean Region with a rate of 33.7%, followed by eastern Anatolia (12%), Marmara (8.2%) and south-eastern Anatolia (6.4%) regions. GPGV was not detected in grapevine samples collected from Mediterranean and Central Anatolia Regions. GSyV-1 was detected in Aegean, (29.5%); Mediterranean, (1.8%); Central Anatolia, (1.2%) and Marmara, (0.7%), but not in eastern and south-eastern Anatolia Regions. GDefV was detected in all regions (1.3% in south-eastern Anatolia, 3.1% in Aegean, 1.2% in central Anatolia and 0.4% in Marmara) except Mediterranean and eastern Anatolia. This study provides comprehensive survey of the GPGV, GSyV-1, GDefV, GARSV, GRBaV and GVCV in Turkey.