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Öğe Antioxidant effects of propolis on carp Cyprinus carpio exposed to arsenic: biochemical and histopathologic findings(INTER-RESEARCH, 2014) Talas, Zeliha Selamoglu; Gulhan, Mehmet Fuat; Erdogan, Kenan; Orun, IbrahimPropolis, a resinous material produced by worker bees from the leaf buds and exudates of plants, is reported to possess various therapeutic properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of propolis on biochemical parameters and histopathologic findings in carp Cyprinus carpio L. exposed to arsenic. A sublethal concentration of arsenic (0.01 mg l(-1)) and/or 10 mg l(-1) propolis were administered to fish for 1 wk. Catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined in liver, gill and muscle tissues in control, arsenic only, propolis only and arsenic+propolis treatment groups. Results showed that CAT activity decreased in the arsenic group compared to the control and propolis groups. CAT activity in the arsenic+propolis group was significantly higher compared to the arsenic group. MDA levels in fish exposed to 0.01 mg l(-1) arsenic significantly increased compared to the control group. However, MDA levels in the arsenic+propolis group were significantly lower compared to the arsenic group. Histopathological changes in the liver, gill and muscle tissues of carp were examined by light microscopy: various changes were observed in all tissues of fish in the arsenic group. Propolis showed important antioxidant effects against arsenic toxicity in all fish tissues.Öğe Antioxidative role of selenium against the toxic effect of heavy metals (Cd+2 Cr+3 on liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum 1792)(SPRINGER, 2008) Talas, Zeliha Selamoglu; Orun, Ibrahim; Ozdemir, Ilknur; Erdogan, Kenan; Alkan, Aysel; Yilmaz, IsmetThe main purpose of this study is to discuss the effect of Cd+2, Cr+3 and Se metals on biochemical parameters in liver tissue of Oncorhynchus mykiss. The rainbow trout were exposed to heavy metal stress ( Cd+2, Cr+3) at 2 ppm dosage. The present study was undertaken to determine the protective effect of selenium treatment at the same dosage ( 2 ppm) on some biochemical parameters. The activity of catalase ( CAT), glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and the changes in levels of malondialdehyde ( MDA) from biochemical parameters were determined in liver tissue of the fish groups exposed to heavy metals, especially for the selenium-applied groups. Results of this study showed that the activities of CAT, GSH-Px and SOD in the tissues of fish exposed to the stress of Cd+2 and Cr+3 were significantly lower than the control groups ( P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the closer values to the control groups were obtained in selenium-added groups ( Cr+3 + Se+4, Cd+2 + Se+4). For the level of MDA, the last production of lipid peroxidation showed increases ( P < 0.05) in the groups exposed to the metal stress, whereas significant decreases were obtained in selenium-applied groups. The result of the statistical evaluation showed that the negative effects occurring in the biochemical parameters of the applied groups exposed to the toxicity of heavy metal were significantly eliminated ( P < 0.05) as a result of selenium treatment.Öğe Antioxidative role of selenium on some tissues of (Cd2+, Cr3+)-induced rainbow trout(ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2008) Orun, Ibrahim; Talas, Zeliha Selamoglu; Ozdemir, IlKnur; Alkan, Aysel; Erdogan, KenanChemical toxic pollutants (especially heavy metals) are important sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in biological systems. Membrane phospholipids of aerobic organisms are continually subjected to oxidant challenges from endogenous and exogenous sources, while peroxidized membranes and lipid peroxidation products represent constant threats to aerobic cells. The primary antioxidant protection against free radical and ROS is provided by the enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), respectively. The trace element selenium has been implicated in chemo-prevention and drug-resistance through reduction of oxidative stress. Selenium could prevent damage to the unsaturated fatty acid Of subcellular membranes by lipid peroxidation induced by free radicals. The results reported here show that sodium selenite has an important contribution to antioxidative defense for the spleen and heart of rainbow trout. The ability of sodium selenite to prevent the oxidative stress induced by heavy metals (Cd2+, Cr3+) in fish was rationalized. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe ANTIOXIDATIVE ROLE OF SODIUM SELENITE AGAINST THE TOXIC EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS (Cd+2, Cr+3) ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN THE BLOOD OF RAINBOW TROUT (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792)(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2008) Orun, Ibrahim; Talas, Zeliha SelamogluThere have been a considerable number of studies carried out on selenium metabolism in recent years. In most of these studies, selenium has been administered to experimental animals as a selenite ion (Se+4) at low concentrations. The aim of the present study was to determine hematological parameters, including total leukocyte number (WBC), erythrocyte number (RBC), hemoglobin amount (HGB) and hematocrit value (HCT), of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) following exposure to sodium selenite and heavy metals (Cd+2 and Cr+3). In addition, biochemical parameters, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total protein, albumin, globulin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase=SGOT; Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase), ALT (Alanine transaminase=SGPT; Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase), sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride were determined. The results reported here show that sodium selenite makes an important contribution to antioxidative defense in the rainbow trout. The ability of sodium selenite to protect against oxidative stress induced by heavy metals in fish was discussed.Öğe Antioxidative role of sodium selenite against the toxic effect of heavy metals (Cd+2, Cr+3) on some biochemical and hematological parameters in the blood of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792)(2008) Orun, Ibrahim; Talas, Zeliha SelamogluThere have been a considerable number of studies carried out on selenium metabolism in recent years. In most of these studies, selenium has been administered to experimental animals as a selenite ion (Se44) at low concentrations. The aim of the present study was to determine hematological parameters, including total leukocyte number (WBC), erythrocyte number (RBC), hemoglobin amount (HGB) and hematocrit value (HCT), of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) following exposure to sodium selenite and heavy metals (Cd+2 and Cr+3). In addition, biochemical parameters, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total protein, albumin, globulin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase=SGOT; Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase), ALT (Alanine transaminase=SGPT; Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase), sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride were determined. The results reported here show that sodium selenite makes an important contribution to antioxidative defense in the rainbow trout. The ability of sodium selenite to protect against oxidative stress induced by heavy metals in fish was discussed.Öğe EFFECTS OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO GLYPHOSATE ON COMMON CARP (Cyprinus carpio L.) HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS: THE BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF PROPOLIS(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2013) Orun, Ibrahim; Dogru, Mehmet Ilker; Erdogan, Kenan; Dogru, Arzu; Ongun, Alisan; Yuksel, Esref; Talas, Zeliha SelamogluGlyphosate, a non-selective and broad-spectrum herbicide, is widely used for plant control in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of this herbicide on blood parameters of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), adult fish, which were acutely and chronically exposed (4 and 21 days) to 6 and 12 mg L-1 of glyphosate. In this study, a significant increase was determined in the number of total leucocyte count and agranulocytes for both acute and chronic exposure to glyphosate. On the other hand, granulocyte and erythrocyte count, hemoglobin level, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and platelet were significantly decreased in both acute and chronic exposure to glyphosate (p<0.05). Experimental results indicated that the changes occurring in hematological parameters depending on the dose and duration were compensated by propolis.Öğe Effects of acute and chronic exposure to glyphosate on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) hematological parameters: The beneficial effect of propolis(2013) Orun, Ibrahim; Dogru, Mehmet IIker; Erdogan, Kenan; Dogru, Arzu; Ongun, Alisan; Yuksel, Esref; Talas, Zeliha Selamo?luGlyphosate, a non-selective and broad-spectrum herbicide, is widely used for plant control in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of this herbicide on blood parameters of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), adult fish, which were acutely and chronically exposed (4 and 21 days) to 6 and 12 mg L-1 of glyphosate. In this study, a significant increase was determined in the number of total leucocyte count and agranulocytes for both acute and chronic exposure to glyphosate. On the other hand, granulocyte and erythrocyte count, hemoglobin level, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and platelet were significantly decreased in both acute and chronic exposure to glyphosate (p< 0.05). Experimental results indicated that the changes occurring in hematological parameters depending on the dose and duration were compensated by propolis. © by PSP.Öğe Effects of propolis on blood biochemical and hematological parameters in nitric oxide synthase inhibited rats by N omega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(UNIV KARACHI, 2013) Talas, Zeliha Selamoglu; Gogebakan, Ayse; Orun, IbrahimThis study showed the effects of propolis on biochemical and hematological parameters in chronic nitric oxide synthase inhibited rats by N-omega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Rats are given L-NAME for 15 days and the propolis for the last 5 days with L-NAME together. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyltransferase in the L-NAME group compared to control group have increased (P<0.05). The levels of these parameters in L-NAME+propolis group compared to the L-NAME group have decreased (P<0.05). L-NAME caused increase (P<0.05) in levels of glucose, albumin, globulin, creatinine, urea, triglyceride and cholesterol. Erythrocyte number, total leukocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, neutrophil and monocyte decreased (P<0.05), platelets and lymphocyte increased (P<0.05) in L-NAME+propolis group compared to the L-NAME group. The study concluded that homeostasis is modulated in L-NAME administrated rats by adding propolis which causes increasing generation of vascular nitric oxide.Öğe Effects of sodium selenite on some biochemical and hematological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) exposed to Pb2+ and Cu2+(SPRINGER, 2008) Ates, Burhan; Orun, Ibrahim; Talas, Zeliha Selamoglu; Durmaz, Gokhan; Yilmaz, IsmetThis study was carried out to understand the preventive effect of selenium (Se4+) on heavy metal stress induced by lead and copper in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Variation in glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver, spleen, heart, and brain tissues of rainbow trout after 72 h of exposure to Pb2+ and Cu2+ were investigated in the presence and absence of Se4+. In the presence of Se4+, Se-GSH-Px activity and SOD activity were found to be higher and MDA levels were lower compared with in its absence. Hematological parameters were also determined and it has been observed that total leukocyte count (WBC), mean cell volume (MCV), and mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) were increased and erythrocyte number (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit value (Hct; P < 0.05) were decreased in fish exposed to heavy metals in the absence of selenium. Selenium presence recovered hematological parameters to normal levels. In the light of our findings, it could be stated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ lead to dramatic changes in biochemical and hematological parameters and selenium caused these parameters to converge to control levels when it was administered concurrently with these heavy metals.Öğe MODULATING EFFECT OF SELENIUM ON GILLS OF FISH EXPOSED TO HEAVY METALS(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2011) Orun, Ibrahim; Talas, Zeliha Selamoglu; Alkan, AyselThe present study was performed to understand the preventive effect of selenium (Se4+) on heavy metal stress induced by Cd2+ and Cr3+ in rainbow trout. Changes in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and in malondialdehyde (MDA) level in gill tissue of rainbow trout after 7 days of exposure to Cd2+ and Cr3+ were investigated in the presence and absence of Se4+. Heavy metals treated groups exhibited significant decreases (P<0.05) in GSH-Px, CAT, SOD activities of gill, and an increase (P<0.05) in MDA levels, compared to the control. In the presence of Se4+, GSH-Px activity and SOD activity were found to be higher and MDA levels were lower compared with in its absence. In the light of our findings, it could be stated that Cd2+ and Cr3+ lead to dramatic changes in biochemical parameters and selenium caused these parameters to converge to control levels when it was administered concurrently with these heavy metals. Selenium fully or partially restored enzyme activities. Lipid peroxidation was also decreased in selenium treated groups.Öğe Modulating effect of selenium on gills of fish exposed to heavy metals(2011) Orun, Ibrahim; Talas, ZelihaSelamoglu; Alkan, AyselThe present study was performed to understand the preventive effect of selenium (Se4+) on heavy metal stress induced by Cd2+ and Cr3+ in rainbow trout. Changes in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and in malondialdehyde (MDA) level in gill tissue of rainbow trout after 7 days of exposure to Cd 2+ and Cr3+ were investigated in the presence and absence of Se4+. Heavy metals treated groups exhibited significant decreases (P<0.05) in GSH-Px, CAT, SOD activities of gill, and an increase (P<0.05) in MDA levels, compared to the control. In the presence of Se4+, GSH-Px activity and SOD activity were found to be higher and MDA levels were lower compared with in its absence. In the light of our findings, it could be stated that Cd2+ and Cr3+ lead to dramatic changes in biochemical parameters and selenium caused these parameters to converge to control levels when it was administered concurrently with these heavy metals. Selenium fully or partially restored enzyme activities. Lipid peroxidation was also decreased in selenium treated groups. © by psp.Öğe The investigation of the antioxidative properties of the novel synthetic organoselenium compounds in some rat tissues(SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2008) Talas, Zeliha Selamoglu; Ozdemir, Ilknur; Yilmaz, Ismet; Gok, Yetkin; Orun, IbrahimDMBA (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) known to cause tumors in rats. Selenium is an essential element with physiological nonenzymatic antioxidant properties. Because of the health problems induced by many environmental pollutants, many efforts have been undertaken in evaluating the relative antioxidant potential of selenium and synthetic organoselenium compounds. In this study, adult female Wistar rats were treated with DMBA and the novel organoselenium compounds (1-isopropyl-3-methylbenzimidazole-2-selenone [Sel] and 1,3di-p-methoxybenzylpyrimidine-2-selenone [Sell]) in the determined doses. The protective effects of novel synthetic organoselenium compounds (Sel and Sell) against DMBA-induced changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities and total glutathione (GSH) and malonedialdehyde (MDA) levels of rat heart and brain were investigated. It was determined that Sel and Sell fully or partially restored enzyme activity. It was also found that lipid peroxidation was also decreased in Sel and Sell treated groups. Consequently, it was determined that novel synthetic organoselenium compounds (Sel and Sell) provided protection of antioxidant activity, and protection against lipid peroxidation measured as MDA in Sel and Sell treated groups was provided by novel synthesized organoselenium compounds. The ability of the organoselenium compounds to prevent oxidative damage induced by DMBA in rats was rationalized.
