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Öğe A STUDY ON THE ANALYSIS OF SALT RATIOS IN THE CHEDDAR CHEESE COAGULATED WITH CITRUS RETICULATA BLANCO CRUDE FLOWERS EXTRACTS AND DISCUSSION OF OPTIMAL SALT RATIOS IN HUMAN HEALTH(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Ozdemir, Betul; Khan, Usman Mir; Selamoglu, ZelihaThere is strong evidence that a high salt intake increases blood pressure and thereby increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and kidney diseases. This study aimed to investigate the salt ratio in the Cheddar cheese which coagulated with Citrus relic-Wahl Blanco crude flowers extracts (CFE) at four different concentrations (1, 2, 3 and 4%, v/v). Flowers of Citrus aurantitun were collected during blossom from Sargodha District nurseries. Buffalo milk was used for preparation of Cheddar cheese. A control sample (TO) was coagulated with 0.002% rennet (Rennet strength is 20 International Milk-Clotting Units, IMCU/mL) at 33 degrees C for 45 minutes and it was obtained from Danisco Dairy Cultures (Paris, France) while the other four samples were coagulated using Citrus reticulata Blanco CFE at different concentrations of 1% (Ti). 2% (T2), 3% (T3) and 4% (T4) (v/v) at 33 degrees C for 45 minutes. In addition to, all of the Cheddar cheese samples were storage during 9 weeks. The data of statistical analysis showed significant differences (P = 0.0001) among different concentration of CFE for salt amounts of the Cheddar cheese. The cheese prepared with using 3% CFE have highest salt ratio. TO and Ti have similar salt ratios and less than T2 and T3. And also. T4 have lowest salt ratio among cheese samples. In this study, we determined the ratio of salt value in the Cheddar cheese, which was fermented with citrum flower according to the rennet. In the future this study can be a guide for reducing salt using in the cheese as healthy diet.Öğe Absolute Quantification of Plasma Apolipoproteins for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction(Humana Press Inc, 2020) Ozdemir, Betul; Selamoglu, Zeliha; Braidy, NadyApolipoproteins have important structural and functional roles in several lipoprotein particles. Apolipoproteins regulate lipid metabolism, adipose tissue, and energy production and serve major regulatory roles in both pre- and pro-atherosclerotic mechanisms. They are also involved in protective mechanisms against atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, accurate quantification of apolipoproteins may serve as a crucial biomarker for cardiovascular diseases. However, most apolipoproteins cannot be detected using standard clinical immunoassays, and multiplexing is not available for some species of apolipoproteins. Herein, we describe a highly robust and quantitative method using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry to quantify apolipoproteins in plasma. This methodology may add clinical value for profiling cardiovascular risk in vulnerable individuals and enable monitoring of apolipoprotein levels in plasma following intervention strategies.Öğe Association of epicardial fat thickness with ejection fraction in patients with heart failure(Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 2021) Ozdemir, BetulBackground: Heart failure (HF) has significant mortality and morbidity worldwide and affects more than 37 million people. The mortality and morbidity when the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is > 40 %, is similar when there is low ejection fraction (LVEF < 40 %), and there is an increasing health problem. Studies have shown that epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has a role in HF pathogenesis. A proinflammatory process on the basis of HF has been shown to be related to EAT. Aim: We aimed to investigate ejection fraction and epicardial adipose tissue relationship. Methods: 159 symptomatic HF patients (New York Heart Association functional class ?II) were included in our study. Age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, waist and demographic characteristics (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking-nonsmoking, coronary artery disease) of all patients were recorded. Results: We examined 159 HF patients. In our population 46 (28.9 %) patients were female and 113 (71.1 %) patients, male. The mean age of our patients was calculated as 67.4 ± 12.6 years. In our study population 69 (43.4 %) of our patients had diabetes and 93 (58.5 %) had hypertension. 77 (48.4 %) of our patients had a history of smoking. We separated our patients into two groups: LV systolic function in HF with LVEF > 40 % (n: 36) and HF with reduced ejection fraction, LVEF < 40 % (n: 123). In our study EAT, LVEF, LVDD (left ventricular diastolic diameter), LVSD (left ventricular systolic diameter), diastolic septum wall thickness and diastolic posterior wall thickness had differences between groups. Differences in LVEF, LVDD, LVSD, diastolic septum wall thickness and diastolic posterior wall thickness were determined. Conclusions: Epicardial fat thickness and LVEF had a positive correlation in heart failure patients. © 2021, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya. All rights reserved.Öğe Determination of the increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation in fibromyalgia syndrome(Bmc, 2020) Akkaya, Hasan; Gunturk, Ertugrul Emre; Kaydok, Ercan; Ozdemir, BetulIntroduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the leading cause of ischemic stroke and is one of the most common arrhythmias. Previous studies have shown that impaired diastolic functions, P wave dispersion (Pd), and prolonged atrial conduction times (ACT) are associated with increased incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study was to evaluate diastolic functions, Pd, and ACT in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients to determine whether there is an increase in the risk of developing AF. Methods: The study included a total of 140 female patients (70 FMS group, 70 healthy control group). Pd was evaluated using 12 lead electrocardiography (ECG), and diastolic functions and ACT with echocardiography. The ECG and echocardiographic evaluations were performed by different cardiologists blinded to the clinical information of the subjects. Results: There was no difference between the two groups in laboratory and clinical parameters. Patients with FMS had significantly higher echocardiographic parameters of ACT known as left-sided intra-atrial (13.9 +/- 5.9 vs. 8.1 +/- 1.8, p <0.001), right-sided intra-atrial (21.9 +/- 8.2 vs. 10.4 +/- 3.5, p<0.001) and interatrial [40 (25-64) ms vs. 23 (14-27) ms p<0.001] electromechanical interval (EMI) compared with the control group. Pd was significantly greater in the FMS group compared with the control group [46 (29-62) ms vs. 32 (25-37) ms, p<0.001]. In the FMS group, there was no significant relationship of the echocardiographic parameters of ACT, Pmax and Pd with age, E/A ratio and deceleration time (DT); while all these five parameters were significantly correlated with left atrial dimension, isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ) and visual analogue scale (VAS). There was a strong correlation between FIQ and VAS and echocardiographic parameters of ACT, Pmax and Pd. Conclusions: Impaired diastolic functions, an increase in Pd, and prolongation of ACT were observed in FMS. Current disorders are thought to be associated with an increased risk of AF in FMS. The risk of developing AF increases with the severity of FMS and clinical progression.Öğe Induction of liver fibrosis by CCl4 mediates pathological alterations in the spleen and lymph nodes: The potential therapeutic role of propolis(Elsevier, 2021) Sayed, Eman A.; Badr, Gamal; Hassan, Khadiga Abdel-Hameed; Waly, Hanan; Ozdemir, Betul; Mahmoud, Mohamed H.; Alamery, SalmanIn an animal models, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a carcinogenic agent that causes liver fibrosis. The current study aims to investigate whether induction in liver-fibrosis by CCl4 in the mouse model could promote the initiation of fibrosis in lymph node and spleen due to sustained increase of inflammatory signals and also aimed to clarify the protective therapeutic effects of propolis. The male mice (BALB/c) were categorized into three experimental sets and each group involved 15 mice. Control group falls into first group; group-II and group-III were injected with CCl4 to induce liver-fibrosis and oral supplementation with propolis was provided in group-III for 4-weeks. A major improvement with hepatic collagen and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) production was aligned with the activation of liver fibrosis from CCl4. Mice treated with CCl4 exhibited collagen deposition towards liver sections, pathological alterations in spleen and lymph node architectures, and a significantly increase the circulation of both T&B cells in secondary lymphoid organs. Mechanically, the secondary lymphoid organs treated with CCl4 in mice exposed a positive growth in alpha-SMA and collagen expression, increased in proinflammatory cytokine levels and a significant increase in TGF-beta, NO and ROS levels. A manifest intensification in the expression of Nrf2, COX-2, and eNOS and upregulation of ASK1 and P38 phosphorylation. Interestingly, addition of propolis-treated CCl4 mice, substantially suppressed deposition of liver collagen, repealed inflammatory signals and resorted CCl4-mediated alterations in signaling cascades, thereby repairing the architectures of the secondary lymphoid organs. Our findings revealed benefits of propolis against fibrotic complications and enhancing secondary lymphoid organ architecture. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.Öğe Lycopene: Food Sources, Biological Activities, and Human Health Benefits(Hindawi Ltd, 2021) Khan, Usman Mir; Sevindik, Mustafa; Zarrabi, Ali; Nami, Mohammad; Ozdemir, Betul; Kaplan, Dilara Nur; Selamoglu, ZelihaAs an antioxidant, lycopene has acquired importance as it prevents autoxidation of fats and related products. Tomatoes are an important agricultural product that is a great source of lycopene. It contains many vitamins and minerals, fiber, and carbohydrates and is associated with various positive effects on health. The antioxidant potential of tomatoes is substantially explained with lycopene compounds. Diet is a major risk factor for heart diseases which is shown as the most important cause of death in the world. It has been observed that the lycopene taken in the diet has positive effects in many stages of atherosclerosis. The serum lipid levels, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, blood pressure, and antioxidative potential are mainly affected by lycopene. These natural antioxidants, which can also enhance the nutritional value of foods, may lead to new ways if used in food preservation. In this review study, the antioxidant potential and cardiovascular protection mechanism of lycopene are discussed.Öğe PHENOLIC COMPOUND AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF(Univ Agronomic Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest - Usamv, 2023) Ahmad, Zaheer; Ozdemir, Betul; Sevindik, Mustafa; Eraslan, Emre Cem; Selamoglu, Zeliha; Bal, CelalMushrooms have been used for both culinary and medicinal reasons for a very long time. Mushrooms are useful as both a food and a medication due to their high nutritional, protein, vitamin, and phenolic content. The current research aims to determine the antioxidant activity and phenolic content of Hebeloma sinapizans. Multiple epidemiological research looked at the possible link between polyphenol consumption and cardiovascular illness. Antioxidant, antiplatelet, antiinflammatory, antilipidemic, and antihypertensive are the categories used to classify the actions of phenolic substances. HPLC was used to isolate the phenolic compounds (HPLC). Measurements of oxidative stress, total oxidant levels, and total antioxidant levels were all calculated with the use of Rel Assay kits. The mushroom's TAS, TOS, and OSI values were measured, and its gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and cinnamic acid concentrations were identified. Due to its high levels of phenolic compounds, H. synapizans is thought to be a source of phenolic compounds. High TAS and TOS values and low OSI values indicate that the mushroom has antioxidant potential. As a result, it has been seen that H. synapizans can be a good source of antioxidants.Öğe SIDE BRANCH PLAQUE SHIFT IN BIFURCATION LESIONS IN CORONARY ARTERIES AND LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN AS ITS MARKER(Pakistan Cardiac Soc, 2020) Ozdemir, BetulObjective: In this study, the effect of lipid profile on plaque shift was investigated considering the known effect of atherosclerosis. Methodology: A total of 660 patients, 457 males and 203 females, participated in the study. Average age is 60.3 +/- 12 years. Two study groups included this study one was no plaque shift, the other one was plaque shift group. Results: In laboratory parameters of all groups triglyceride mean 164.7 +/- 132.3 mg/dl, HDL mean 40 +/- 11.1 mg/dl and LDL mean 129.1 +/- 43.3 mg/dl were calculated. In lipid profile TG and HDL has no differences in two groups. Mean of HDL 40.6 +/- 11.2 mg/dl in no plaque shift group and 39.4 +/- 11.0 mg/dl in plaque shift group. And also mean of TG 167.8 +/- 145.5 mg/dl and 161.1 +/- 115.6 mg/dl consecutively. LDL mean was 123.9 +/- 43 mg/dl in no plaque shift group, 135.1 +/- 42.9 mg/dl in plaque shift group. Only high LDL levels correlated with plaque shift degree, plaque shift length and shift lesion percentage difference before and after the procedure. Conclusion: There is a correlation between LDL levels and plaque shift in coronary bifurcation lesions due to the volume of lipid core in plaque formation. The benefit is to predict the plaque shift that may occur in coronary bifurcation interventions with an easily measured parameter before the procedure.Öğe Side branch plaque shift in bifurcation lesions in coronary arteries and low density lipoprotein as its marker(Pakistan Cardiac Society, 2021) Ozdemir, BetulObjective: In this study, the effect of lipid profile on plaque shift was investigated considering the known effect of atherosclerosis. Methodology: A total of 660 patients, 457 males and 203 females, participated in the study. Average age is 60.3 ± 12 years. Two study groups included this study one was no plaque shift, the other one was plaque shift group. Results: In laboratory parameters of all groups triglyceride mean 164.7± 132.3 mg/dl, HDL mean 40± 11.1 mg/dl and LDL mean 129.1± 43.3 mg/dl were calculated. In lipid profile TG and HDL has no differences in two groups. Mean of HDL 40.6±11.2 mg/dl in no plaque shift group and 39.4±11.0 mg/dl in plaque shift group. And also mean of TG 167.8±145.5 mg/dl and 161.1±115.6 mg/dl consecutively. LDL mean was 123.9±43 mg/dl in no plaque shift group, 135.1±42.9 mg/dl in plaque shift group. Only high LDL levels correlated with plaque shift degree, plaque shift length and shift lesion percentage difference before and after the procedure. Conclusion: There is a correlation between LDL levels and plaque shift in coronary bifurcation lesions due to the volume of lipid core in plaque formation. The benefit is to predict the plaque shift that may occur in coronary bifurcation interventions with an easily measured parameter before the procedure. © 2021 Pakistan Heart Journal. All rights reserved.Öğe The Effects of Apitherapeutic Agents on Oxidative Stress in Serum Metabolic Parameters of Hypertensive Rats Created by Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibited(Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, 2021) Gulhan, Mehmet Fuat; Ozdemir, Betul; Selamoglu, Zeliha; Sahna, EnginHypertension is a chronic disease affecting the whole world due to its clinical effects and complications. The reduction in the release and effect of NO is one of the mechanisms of hypertension formation. Hypertension disrupts the balance between oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to observe biochemical changes in the blood by treatment propolis, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and pollen in hypertensive rats via Nco-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Rats were divided in five groups. Rats were given L-NAME (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 14 days to make hypertensive. L-NAME and bee products were administered together with rats for 14 days, then L-NAME for 14 days. All administrated ended 28 days. There was a statistically significant (P<0.05) decrease in blood pressure (BP) in the groups in which bee products were applied. Blood pressure was lower in the pollen treated group than in the CAPE and propolis treated group (P<0.05). Paraoxanase (PON1), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) levels were measured in the blood samples in all groups. In the L-NAME group; PON1, TAS, HDL, and total protein levels were found to be lower than the groups applied bee products (P<0.05). TOS, oxidative stress index (OSI), ADMA, NF-kappa B, glucose, cholesterol, LDL, friglyceride, ALT, AST, ALP levels were found to be lower in groups plus of bee products were applied compared to the group that received L-NAME (P<0.05). The results showed that oxidative stress and homeostasis can be regulated with propolis, CAPE and pollen in hypertensive rats induced L-NAME.Öğe The investigation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of apitherapeutic agents on heart tissues in nitric oxide synthase inhibited rats via N?-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2021) Ozdemir, Betul; Gulhan, Mehmet Fuat; Sahna, Engin; Selamoglu, ZelihaBackground High blood pressure effects heart and vessels. Development of pathogenesis is the result of oxidative stress. We aimed to investigate the antioxidant effects of propolis, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), and pollen on the hearts of rats which chronic nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibited through N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) were analyzed on the heart. Material and Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were divided five groups of seven rats in every group; Group I: Control, Group II: L-NAME, Group III: L-NAME+propolis, Group IV: L-NAME+CAPE and Group V: L-NAME+pollen. L-NAME become dissolved in regular saline (0.9% NaCl w/v). The ethanolic extract of propolis (200 mg/kg/days, gavage), pollen (100 mg/kg/days, by gavage), CAPE (50 mu M/kg/days, intraperitoneally), and the NOS inhibitor L-NAME (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) had been administered. Results Blood pressure (BP) of rats treated with propolis, CAP,E and pollen statistically significant decreased. Decreasing in BP of the rats of pollen group was more than CAPE and propolis groups (P< .05). PON1 and TAS levels decreased in L-NAME-treated groups (P< .05), but ranges have been better in propolis, CAPE and pollen groups. TOS, ADMA and NF-kappa B levels increased (P< .05) in L-NAME group; however, these parameters were lower (P< .05) in propolis and CAPE groups (P< .05). Conclusions Vasorelaxant properties and free radical scavenging actions of propolis, CAPE, and pollen may reduce the oxidative stress and blood pressure in the rats chronic NOS inhibited through L-NAME.
