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Öğe The genera Lepidorbitoides and Orbitcoides: evolution and stratigraphic significance in some Anatolian basins(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 1999) Ozcan, E; Ozkan-Altiner, SEarly ontogenetic morphologic features previously recognized as evolutionary parameters in Lepidorbitoides and Orbitoides have been tested in several flysch successions of Anatolia. Increase in embryo size (Li + ii), number of epi-embryonic chambers (E) and organization of embryonal chamber arrangement from 'quadrilocular' to 'bilocular' and multilocular in Orbitoides, increase in deuteroconch size (D), in deuteroconch-protoconch ratio (D/P) and in number of adauxiliary chambers (Ad) in Lepidorbitoides have been recognized as the main evolutionary trends, thus allowing the correlation of these features with time. The different developmental stages in Lepidorbitoides, i.e. L. pembergeri, L. campaniensis, L. bisambergensis, L. minor, L. socialis, and in Orbitoides, i.e. O. media, O. megaloformis, O. gruenbachensis, O. apiculata and O. gensacicus, have been described and illustrated based on the biometry of the populations. The values observed in some horizons, however, may not reflect the true phylogenetic stage of the orbitoidal taxa, especially in the species of Orbitoides, which usually show a wide variation of evolutionary parameters in the same population. A correlation scheme of phylogenetic development in Lepidorbitoides and Orbitoides with the planktonic foraminiferal zones is proposed. Lepidorbitoides populations with highly asymmetric 'quadriserial' nepionts occurring stratigraphically below the symmetric ones in Early Maastrichtian are thought to deserve a particular taxonomic status. In Orbitoides, a new embryonal chamber morphology previously undescribed from horizontal sections has been discovered. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Öğe Upper Cretaceous planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy from NW Turkey: calibration of the stratigraphic ranges of larger benthonic foraminifera(WILEY, 1999) Ozkan-Altiner, S; Ozcan, EPlanktonic and larger benthonic foraminifers of the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-Maastrichtian)-Lower Tertiary (Danian) rock units from north, northwest and central Anatolian fore-are basins have been investigated in order to improve the biostratigraphic resolution of this time interval. Total abundance and diversity of planktonic foraminifers vary from rare (the sequence from the Haymana region) to high (the sequences from the Cide, Caycuma, Hanonu and Yenikonak regions) and preservation is poor to moderate due to lithologic variation. First and last appearances of the planktonic foraminifera evaluated as major bio-events have been used to establish the biostratigraphic framework. Planktonic foraminiferal zonation from bottom to top of the succession consists of zones defined by Dicarinella concavata, Dicarinella asymetrica, Globotruncanita elevata, Globotruncana, ventricosa, Radotruncana calcarata, Globotruncanella havanensis, Globotruncana aegyptiaca, Gansserina gansseri, Abathomphalus mayaroensis and Morozovella pseudobulloides. Ten Orbitoides and Lepidorbitoides species have been identified. The different phylogenetic development stages of Orbitoides and Lepidorbitoides populations and other larger benthonic foraminifers, Pseudosiderolites vidali, Siderolites calcitrapoides, Siderolites denticulatus, Omphalocylus macroporus, Cideina sozerii, Hellenocyclina beotica, and Clypeorbis mamillata have been calibrated with the planktonic foraminiferal zonation established in the same successions. Hence, an integrated zonational scheme composed of planktonic foraminifers and larger benthonic foraminifers has allowed a detailed stratigraphy of these successions to be erected. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.