Yazar "Riaz, Ammara" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 9 / 9
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Alkaloids in the treatment of gastrointestinal tract cancer(Bentham Science Publishers, 2023) Riaz, Ammara; Rasul, Azhar; Batool, Rabia; Kanwal, Lubna; Hussain, Ghulam; Sarfraz, Iqra; Shah, Muhammad AjmalAlkaloids, nitrogen-containing compounds, are found in living organisms ranging from microbes to seed-producing plants all over the world. About more than 20,000 alkaloids have been discovered, mostly occurring in higher plants of the families Ranunculaceae, Papaveraceae, Leguminosae, Loganiaceae and Menispermaceae. These compounds are able to inhibit cancer proliferation, especially gastrointestinal cancer, which constitutes the highest incidence rate all over the world. The most diversified group of phytochemicals, alkaloids offer a mighty series of chemical scaffolds and moieties which can be harnessed to ameliorate the devastating consequences underlying cancer. Gastrointestinal (GIT) cancers constitute the malignancies of esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal and anal tumors, which possess aberrant metabolic signals giving rise to uncontrolled cell proliferation. These cancers are the most frequent of all cancers and account for the high mortality rates worldwide. Conventional therapeutic options carry the risks like being non-economical as well as they possess severe side effects. Natural products offer a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties which can overcome these risk factors by providing cheaper products and are reliable regarding their bio-safety profiles. Alkaloids can be investigated in detail to investigate their pharmacological potential against GIT cancers. Several alkaloids are known to modulate the cell signaling pathways by inducing cell cycle arrest at G0/G1, S and G2/M phases in addition to being the apoptosis inducers. In addition to that, they are also known to target various metabolic pathways, such as p53, B-catenin, MAPK and PIM3. The chapter intends to investigate the biological as well as pharmacological profiles of various alkaloids with special reference to GIT cancers in order to update scientists and researchers about the pharmaceutical potential of these compounds. © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers. All rights reserved.Öğe Biochanin A and biochanin B(Elsevier, 2021) Sarfraz, Iqra; Rasul, Azhar; Riaz, Ammara; Ucak, Ilknur; Zahoor, Muhammad Kashif; Hussain, Ghulam; Nawaz, JavariaNatural products have emerged as a treasure trove of novel chemical scaffolds for drug discovery against various diseases including inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, and cancer. Isoflavones, polyphenolic compounds, from plants belonging to the Fabaceae family act as phytoestrogens and possess a pseudo-hormonal effect by binding with estrogen receptors in the human body. Due to this property, isoflavones exhibit multiple health-promoting benefits. In the class of isoflavones, biochanin A and biochanin B (formononetin) are prominent compounds renowned for their wide therapeutic window against numerous pathological conditions. Biochanin A and B possess antidiabetic, antiobesity, hepatoprotective, anticancer, and antiinflammatory activities. Biochanin A and B are rapidly absorbed in the body and possess safe pharmacokinetics as indicated by several in vivo investigations. This chapter aims to elaborate on the natural sources, pharmacological potential as well as bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of biochanin A and B, suggesting these compounds as interesting and safe candidates for drug design and development in the near future. © 2021 Elsevier Inc.Öğe Cancer metabolism regulation by phytonutrients(Elsevier, 2022) Riaz, Ammara; Zara, Rabia; Bushra, Gul; Kanwal, Nazia; Sadiqa, Ayesha; Shareef, Farzana; Sarfraz, IqraIn spite of the advanced researches, preventive measures, and treatment options, cancer remains a growing ailment all over the world and its prevalence is estimated to increase in future. Cellular metabolic alterations have been documented as a hallmark of cancer. Metabolic regulation is an intricately coupled process whose deregulation leads to tumor progression as well as metastasis. In order to thrive in the living system, cancer cells adapt different metabolic pathways (bioenergetics and biosynthesis). They replenish their metabolic demands by switching from normal metabolism to cancer metabolism by the process of metabolic rewiring. Recent researches suggest that starving cancer cells by the use of nontoxic chemical entities can give promising results regarding cancer proliferation. Natural products, especially those of plant origin, offer different chemical scaffolds to target cancer via modulation of multiple cell signaling cascades. Phytonutrients, the secondary metabolites from the plants, constitute edible phytochemicals which are abundantly found in vegetables, whole grains, and fruits. The growing numbers of evidences suggest that phytonutrients exhibit anticancer as well as chemopreventive activities of these bioactive molecules against several cancers by targeting the various significant enzymes of glycolysis, the PPP pathway, TCA cycle, and serine metabolism. This book chapter presents an update for the scientific community about targeting the cancer metabolism by phytonutrients. The alterations in the cancer metabolism in the context of bioenergetics, biosynthesis, and mitochondrial functions have been discussed while presenting the impact of phytonutrients as modulators of potential metabolic effectors in the cancer metabolism. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Cardamonin: A new player to fight cancer via multiple cancer signaling pathways(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2020) Nawaz, Javaria; Rasul, Azhar; Shah, Muhammad Ajmal; Hussain, Ghulam; Riaz, Ammara; Sarfraz, Iqra; Zafar, SabaNature's pharmacy has undoubtedly served humans as an affordable and safer health-care regime for a long times. Cardamonin, a chalconoid present in several plants has been known for a longtime to have beneficial properties towards human health. In this review, we aimed to highlight the recent advances achieved in discovering the pharmacological properties of cardamonin. Cardamonin is cardamom-derived chalcone, which plays a role in cancer treatment, immune system modulation, inflammation and pathogens killing. Through the modulation of cellular signaling pathways, cardamonin activates cell death signal to induce apoptosis in malignant cells that results in the inhibition of cancer development. Moreover, cardamonin arrests cell cycle by altering the expression of regulatory proteins during malignant cells division. Due to its relatively selective cytotoxic potential against host malignant cells, cardamonin is emerging as a promising novel experimental anticancer agent. The potential of cardamonin to target various signaling molecules, transcriptional factors, cytokines and enzymes, such as mTOR, NF-kappa B, Akt, STAT3, Wnt/beta-catenin and COX-2 enhances the opportunity to explore it as a new multi-target therapeutic agent. The pharmacokinetic and biosafety profile of cardamonin favor it as a potentially safe biomolecule for pharmaceutical drug development.Öğe Eupatilin: a natural pharmacologically active flavone compound with its wide range applications(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Nageen, Bushra; Sarfraz, Iqra; Rasul, Azhar; Hussain, Ghulam; Rukhsar, Fariha; Irshad, Somia; Riaz, AmmaraEupatilin (5,7-dihydroxy-3 ',4 ',6-trimethoxyflavone) is a pharmacologically active flavone which has been isolated from a variety of medicinal plants. Eupatilin is known to possess various pharmacological properties such as anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory. It is speculated that eupatilin could be subjected to structural optimization for the synthesis of derivative analogs to reinforce its efficacy, to minimize toxicity, and to optimize absorption profiles, which will ultimately lead towards potent drug candidates. Although, reported data acclaim multiple pharmacological activities of eupatilin but further experimentations on its molecular mechanism of action are yet mandatory to elucidate full spectrum of its pharmacological activities.Öğe Ficus benghalensis: A plant with potential pharmacological properties, from tradition to pharmacy(Pharmacotherapy Group, 2023) Tahir, Muhammad Mateen; Rasul, Azhar; Riaz, Ammara; Batool, Rabia; Nageen, Bushra; Adnan, Muhammad; Sarfraz, IqraPurpose: To undertake an overview of the potential pharmacological properties of Ficus benghalensisis.Methods: Data were acquired from several online sources, including Scopus, Elsevier Science Direct, PubMed, and Sci-Hub, using the keywords Ficus benghalensis, medicinal plants, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer.Results: Ficus benghalensis has valuable secondary metabolites including terpenoids, ketones, coumarins, oentacyclic, furocoumarin, flavonols, flavonoids, sterols, esters, carbohydrates, carboxylic acid, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Due to its phytochemical profile, it is regarded as a plant with potential pharmacological properties such as anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, anthelmintic, and anti-angiogenic. This review highlights the phytochemistry, traditional uses and pharmacological potential of Ficus benghalensis.Conclusion: Ficus benghalensis has potentials for treating several ailments. However, further research, including in vivo studies and preclinical trials, is necessary to ascertain its biological and pharmacological uses accurately.Öğe Nutrition and nutraceuticals for brain cancer(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2021) Sadiqa, Ayesha; Rasul, Azhar; Hussain, Ghulam; Shah, Muhammad Ajmal; Sarfraz, Iqra; Riaz, Ammara; Sarfraz, AyeshaBrain cancers are highly lethal and fatal human cancers due to various hurdles imposed by the brain's physiology and anatomy on therapeutic implications. Higher relapse rates and poor prognosis in brain cancers complicate the situation, leading to high mortalities. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to develop efficient therapeutic strategies against brain cancers. The exploitation of nutraceuticals is an emerging approach for the cure of cancers due to their safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. This chapter focuses on the significance and mechanism of anti-brain cancer nutraceuticals such as juglone, formononetin, eugenol, curcumin, and biochanin. The anti-brain cancer activity of nutraceuticals is governed by the modulation of various cell signaling molecules such as apoptosis-related factors (caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, Bid, Reactive oxygen species), cell cycle regulators (Cyclin D1, p53), protein kinases (FAK, p-ERK, p38 MAPK), enzymes (MMP-2, MMP-9), transcriptional factors (c-myc, Wnt, ?-catenin), and cytokines (TGF-?). The reported data recommend multitarget activity of nutraceuticals which might play an essential role in developing nutraceuticals to novel pharmacological drugs shortly. © 2021 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Oleandrin: A bioactive phytochemical and potential cancer killer via multiple cellular signaling pathways(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2020) Kanwal, Nazia; Rasul, Azhar; Hussain, Ghulam; Anwar, Haseeb; Shah, Muhammad Ajmal; Sarfraz, Iqra; Riaz, AmmaraNerium oleander, a member of family Apocynaceae, is commonly known as Kaner in various countries of Asia and Mediterranean region. This plant has been renowned to possess significant therapeutic potential due to its various bioactive compounds which have been isolated from this plant e.g., cardiac glycosides, oleandrin, a-tocopherol, digitoxingenin, umsolic acid, quercetin, odorosides, and adigoside. Oleandrin, a saponin glycoside is one of the most potent and pharmacologically active phytochemicals of N. oleander. Its remarkable pharmacotherapeutic potential have been interpreted as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, neuropmtective, antimicrobial and antioxidant. This particular bioactive entity is known to target the multiple deregulated signaling cascades of cancer such as NF-kappa B, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt. The main focus of the current study is to comprehend the action mechanisms of oleandrin against various pathological conditions. The current review is a comprehensive summary to facilitate the researchers to understand the pharmacological position of the oleandrin in the arena of drug discovery, representing this compound as a new drug candidate for further researches. Moreover, in vivo and in silico based studies are required to explore the mechanistic approaches regarding the pharmacokinetics and biosafety profiling of this compound to completely track its candidature status in natural drug discovery.Öğe Physcion and Physcion 8-O-?-D-glucopyranoside: Natural Anthraquinones with Potential Anticancer Activities(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2021) Adnan, Muhammad; Rasul, Azhar; Hussain, Ghulam; Shah, Muhammad Ajmal; Sarfraz, Iqra; Nageen, Bushra; Riaz, AmmaraNature has provided prodigious reservoirs of pharmacologically active compounds for drug development since times. Physcion and physcion 8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (PG) are bioactive natural anthraquinones which exert anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties with minimum or no adverse effects. Moreover, physcion also exhibits anti-microbial and hepatoprotective properties, while PG is known to have anti-sepsis as well as ameliorative activities against dementia. This review aims to highlight the natural sources and anticancer activities of physcion and PG, along with associated mechanisms of actions. On the basis of the literature, physcion and PG regulate multitudinous cell signaling pathways through the modulation of various regulators of cell cycle, protein kinases, microRNAs, transcriptional factors, and apoptosis linked proteins resulting in the effective killing of cancerous cells in vitro as well as in vivo. Both compounds effectively suppress metastasis, furthermore, physcion acts as an inhibitor of 6PGD and also plays an important role in chemosensitization. This review article suggests that physcion and PG are potent anticancer drug candidates, but further investigations on their mechanism of action and pre-clinical trials are mandatory in order to comprehend the full potential of these natural cancer killers in anticancer remedies.
