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    ANTIOXIDANT ANTIMICROBIAL OXIDANT AND ELEMENTS CONTENTS OF XYLARIA POLYMORPHA AND X. HYPDXYLON (XYLARIACEAE)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Saridogan, Beste Gizem Ozbey; Islek, Cemil; Baba, Hayri; Akata, Ilgaz; Sevindik, Mustafa
    In the current study, antioxidant, oxidant, and antimicrobial potentials of Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grey. and X hypoxylon (L.) Grey. were determined. Also, the levels of elements accumulated by these fungi were measured. The samples were extracted with ethanol in soxhlet apparatus. Antioxidant and oxidant potentials were determined using Rel Assay kits. Antimicrobial activities were tested using the agar dilution method. Element contents were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. As a result of the studies, TAS, TOS, and OSI values of X hypoxylon were determined as 3.794 +/- 0.188, 8.609 +/- 0.171, and 0.228 +/- 0.015, respectively. TAS, TOS, and OSI values of X. polymorpha were determined as 5.390 +/- 0.176, 14.738 +/- 0.126, and 0.274 +/- 0.008, respectively. Besides, it was observed that the antimicrobial activities of the extracts of mushrooms were effective at 50-400 mu g/mL concentrations. Element contents were determined to be at normal levels compared to literature data. As a result, it was determined that X. polymorpha and X. hypoxylon have antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials.
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    BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND HEAVY METAL CONTENTS OF SOME PHOLIOTA SPECIES
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Islek, Cemil; Saridogan, Beste Gizem Ozbey; Sevindik, Mustafa; Akata, Ilgaz
    In this study, antioxidant, oxidant, and antimicrobial activities of some Pholiota species (Pholiota adiposa (Batsch) P. Kumm., P lubrica (Pers.) Singer and P. squarrosa (Vahl) P. Kumm.) were determined. Also, the Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Cd levels accumulated in the fruiting bodies of these species were measured. Ethanol extracts of the mushroom specimens have been prepared. The antioxidant and oxidant status of the extracts were determined using Rel Assay kits. Also, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts were determined using the agar dilution method. Heavy metal levels of the samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. As a result of the studies, the highest TAS value was determined in P squarrosa. The highest TOS value was determined in P lubrica. Generally, antibacterial and antifungal activities were observed in P lubrica, Generally, element levels fell within the literature ranges. Besides, it is thought that all three types of species can be used as an indicator due to their high Ni contents. As a result, it was determined that P adiposa, P lubrica and P squarrosa can be used as antioxidant and antimicrobial natural agents.