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    Diversity and Management of Plant Viruses Infecting Rice
    (wiley, 2022) Iqbal, Zafar; Sattar, Muhammad Naeem; Naqqash, Muhammad Nadir
    Rice (Oryza sativa L., family Poaceae) is the leading cereal crop that is widely cultivated across the globe. Asia is the largest producer of rice with over 7.05 billion tons production in 2018, followed by the United States (38 million tons [MT]), Africa (33 MT), Europe (4 MT), and Oceania (0.65 MT). While the leading rice-producing countries are China (148.5 million MT) followed by India (116.42 million MT), Indonesia (36.7 million MT), Bangladesh (34.91 MT), and Vietnam (27.77 million MT). Rice supplies 21% of energy and 15% of protein to humans and plays a crucial role in the global food chain. However, rice cultivation is under continuous stress due to several biotic and abiotic constraints. Among the biotic constraints, rice-infecting viruses (RIVs) and their insect vectors cause enormous yield losses to worldwide rice production. RIVs encompass huge genomic diversity and include single-stranded, double-stranded, negative-sense single-stranded, negative-sense double-stranded, positive-sense single-stranded, and ambisense viruses. More than 15 RIVs are known and 10 of these RIVs pose a significant threat to Asian rice production. To sustain the global food security, it is of dire need to curb the RIVs and their insect vectors simultaneously. Several conventional to modern approaches have been employed to sustain the rice production against RIVs. Nonetheless, the contemporary CRISPR-Cas-based approaches and its expanding toolkit can offer unlimited utilities to improve rice yield and control RIVs and their insect vectors via transgene-free genome-editing capabilities. The importance of rice, RIVs, and their control strategies are discussed. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.