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    A Research on Structural Characteristics and Problems of Sheep Breeding in Nigde
    (KAHRAMANMARAS SUTCU IMAM UNIV, 2015) Ceyhan, Ayhan; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Unalan, Adnan; Cinar, Mahmut; Serbester, Ugur; Akyol, Ethem; Yilmaz, Erdogan
    This study was carried out to reveal the present status of sheep farms in Nigde, to detect basic priority problems and to offer some solutions to these problems. In this study, total of 96 sheep farming enterprises were chosen by stratified sampling method to represent the entire province as an example. A survey was conducted to obtain information regarding mating, lambing, milking, shearing, marketing milk and meat, grazing animals status, tools and equipment of sheep enterprises and health protection and feed utilization status. The results of analyzes showed that a large portion (68.8%) of sheep breeders were primary school graduates, while 99% of sheep farms raised only Akkaraman breed 1.0% of them raised only Merino breed, average duration of sheep breeding was 25.7 years, family labor was commonly (63.5%) used as shepherd, the average number of sheep per farm was 314.5 head and the enterprises had also 7.9 head cows, 38.1 head goats, 1.9 horses and 5.2 heads cat and dog. Besides, it was informed that 86.4% of breeders had learned sheep breeding from their ancestors, sheep farming was only source of income for 82.3% of them and was enjoyable job for 10.4% of them. It was also determined that sheep breeding was maintained in highland (40.6%), in highland and settled down (19.8%), in settled down (38.6%), and in nomadic (1.0%) system in Nigde. The 97.9% of sheep enterprises is a member of Nigde Sheep and Goat Breeders Association. Breeders expressed that high feed prices, insufficient pastures area and poor pastures quality were priority problems. They reported that needs to be done to increase in marketing price, improvement of pasture and sheep flock genetic, also increasing the forage crops cultivation area for profitable sheep breeding.
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    Changes in Vitellogenin, Abdominal Lipid Content, and Hypopharyngeal Gland Development in Honey Bees Fed Diets with Different Protein Sources
    (Mdpi, 2024) Gunesdogdu, Mustafa; Sarioglu-Bozkurt, Aybike; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Abaci, Samet Hasan
    Honey bees play an important role in the pollination of flowering plants. When honey bee colonies are deficient in pollen, one of their main nutrients, protein supplements are required. In this study, the effects of diets with six different protein sources on the physiological characteristics of worker bees (vitellogenin (Vg), abdominal lipid content (ALC), hypopharyngeal gland (HPG)) and consumption were investigated. The protein sources of the diets (diet I, & mldr;, diet VI) included pollen, spirulina dust (Arthrospira platensis Gomont), fresh egg yolk, lyophilized lactose-free skimmed milk powder, active fresh yeast, and ApiProtein. It was identified that consumption by worker bees was highest in the diet group supplemented with spirulina (diet II). Although there was no statistical difference regarding the Vg content in the hemolymph, numerically, the highest content was found in diet group IV (lyophilized lactose-free skimmed milk powder) (4.73 +/- 0.03 ng/mL). ALC and HPG were highest in the group fed diet II. These results suggest that offering honey bees diets with certain protein sources can support their physiological traits.
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    Comparison of Growth Curves by Growth Models in Slow-Growing Chicken Genotypes Raised the Organic System
    (FRIENDS SCIENCE PUBL, 2014) Eleroglu, Hasan; Yildirim, Arda; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Coksoyler, Fikret Nafi; Duman, Mustafa
    Two hundred and forty slow-growing chickens consisting of equal numbers of Hubbard S757 (S757) and Hubbard Grey Barred JA (GB-JA) strains were utilized for the investigation in organics system and were used to estimate growth curve in Gompertz and Logistic model. The asymptotic weights for GB-JA and S757 genotype female; male in the Gompertz model were estimated 3725.34 g; 6109.60 g and 4876.10 g; 6496.47 g and same parameter were found in Logistic model 2133.33 g; 2906.35 g and 2790.37 g; 3635.00 g respectively. The Gompertz model was higher estimate than Logistic model for the asymptotic weights parameter. The instantaneous growth rate for GB-JA and S757 genotype female; male in the Gompertz model were estimated 0.1424; 0.1288 and 0.1525; 0.1495 and same parameter values were found in Logistic model 0.3753; 0.3734 and 0.3873; 0.3949 respectively. Significant difference was observed for the instantaneous growth rate parameter between GB-JA and S757 genotypes in each of models. According to the results of goodness of fit in Gompertz and Logistic growth curve models, the coefficient of determination (R-2) and adjusted coefficient of determination (adj. R-2) were detected above 0.996 in boot models for two genotype broilers. The highest value of R-2 and adj. R-2 were obtained from the Logistic model in GB-JA. The two models were all fitted the growth curves of slow-growing chicken genotypes in organic system very well, and the fitting degrees R-2 were all above 0.998; for the two models; however Logistic model was the best (0.999%). c 2014 Friends Science Publishers
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    Comparison of Growth Curves of Broiler under Different Stocking Densities by Gompertz Model
    (KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2013) Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Tahtali, Yalcin; Sarica, Musa; Gulay, M. Sukru; Abaci, Samet Hasan; Duman, Mustafa
    The knowledge of the growth curve in poultry science is very useful for describing growth kinetics and setting commercial management procedures. The objective of this research was to fit the Gompertz growth curve from hatching weights to 42 d-old weights of broilers in 3 stocking density groups. A total of 284 Ross 308 broilers randomly divided into 3 stocking density groups (9, 13 and 17 birds/m(2)) in this experiment. All birds were weighted weekly. The asymptotic weight (A) of broiler chickens for 9, 13 and 17 bird/m(2) stocking density groups were 4198.46, 3807.45 and 3999.92 g, respectively (P<0.05). The growth rates (K) of broiler chickens for 9, 13 and 17 bird/m(2) stocking density groups were 0.055, 0.058 and 0.052, respectively (P<0.01). The coefficient of determination for all stocking density groups were 0.998, 0.997 and 0.996, respectively (P<0.05). Moreover, the mean square error (MSE) value was lowest for 9 bird/m(2) group (P<0.05). The current study suggested that stocking density of 9 bird/m(2) was better for the broiler growth of the different stocking densities on the base of mature live weight (A), coefficient of determination (R-2) and mean square error (MSE).
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    Comparison of meat quality and fatty acid profile in slow-growing chicken genotypes fed diets supplemented with Origanum vulgare or Melissa officinalis leaves under the organic system
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2013) Eleroglu, Hasan; Yildirim, Arda; Isikli, Nursel D.; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Duman, Mustafa
    This study was conducted to compare the meat quality and selected fatty acids profile of two different slow-growing broiler genotypes (Hubbard S757; S757 and Hubbard Grey Barred JA; GB-JA) fed diets supplemented with dry oregano (Origanum vulgare L., OV; 10 g/kg basal diets) or lemon balm leaves (Melissa officinalis L., MO; 10 g/kg basal diets) under organic housing system. It is concluded that slow-growing genotypes had no effect on L* parameter of the breast, thigh and abdominal fat meat quality. Two hundred and forty chicks were allocated randomly into 4 experimental groups according to a 2x2 factorial arrangement. Birds were raised until 98 days in order to achieve an acceptable market live weight. The b* colours of breast and thigh meat were significant different among genotypes and also a* colour of breast meat of GB-JA increased (P<0.05). Slow-growing female broilers produced a higher dry matter content and lower fat content of breast meat as compared with males. There were the higher concentrations of linoleic (C18:2n-6) acid and the lower concentrations of linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) in genotypes fed with supplemented dry oregano or lemon balm leaves diet. Sex affected total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) composition, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and linoleic acid, were higher in slow growing males breast meat as compared with females breast meat. These results suggested that the slow-growing genotypes might had influenced the colour of breast and thigh meat, although overall meat quality was not affected under the organic system.
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    Comparison of the Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Two Slow-Growing Broiler Genotypes Fed Diets Supplemented with Dry Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) or Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.) Leaves under the Organic System
    (KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2014) Eleroglu, Hasan; Yildirim, Arda; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Duman, Mustafa
    This study was conducted to determine the growth performance and carcass characteristics of two slow-growing broiler genotypes (Hubbard S757 and Hubbard Grey Barred JA) fed diets supplemented with dry oregano (Origanum vulgare L. or lemon balm leaves (Melissa officinalis L.) as growth promoter source under an organic housing system. In this study 240 chicks (mixed-sex) were allocated randomly into 4 experimental groups according to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement for 2 broiler genotypes and 2 diets. The effects of dry herb leaves and genotype x herb leaves interaction on studied parameters were not significant at all weeks of age (P>0.05), except neck (%). Body weight, body weight gain, feed efficiency, carcass weight and yield, leg weight and yield, breast weight and yield, back weight and yield, edible giblets weight and yield of Hubbard S757 genotype were higher (P<0.05) than those of Hubbard Grey Barred JA genotype. The female breast (P<0.01) and edible giblets yield (P<0.05) were superior to those of males. These results show that herb leaves used as a growth promoter source under organic housing system did not affect the studied parameters and that in terms of these parameters, and subsequent Hubbard S757 genotype were superior to Hubbard Grey Barred JA genotype.
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    Effect of age, stocking density, genotype, and cage tier on feather score of layer pure lines
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Tok, Selami; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Duman, Mustafa; Tainika, Brian
    The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of genotype, age, stocking density, and cage tier on the feather score of egg-laying pure lines. The trial was carried out with five white (BLACK, BLUE, MARON, BROWN, and D229) and six brown (RIR1, RIR2, BAR1, BAR2, COL, and LINE54) eggshell lines as classified by the Ankara poultry research institute. In the experiment, 162 chicks were randomly selected from each of the 11 lines; thus, a total of 1782 chicks (810 and 972 white and brown layer pure lines, respectively). At 17 weeks of age, pullets were chosen at random and placed in 3-tiered battery-type cages. Each tier housed 99 chickens (11 lines, 3 different stocking densities, 3 replications). The stocking density was 5 birds, 6 birds, and 7 birds per cage cell that corresponded to 720 cm(2), 600 cm(2), and 514.28 cm(2) of floor space per bird, respectively. Feeding was ad libitum during the growth and egg production periods. Feather scores of the head, neck, breast, back, wings, and tail regions of the chickens were taken at the 30th, 40th, 50th, and 60th week of age. The results indicated that age, stocking density, cage tiers, and genotypes have a significant effect on the feather score of the head, neck, breast, back, wings, and tail; feather score significantly decreased at an increasing age and stocking density (p < 0.01). It was observed that the feather score of the chickens on the top tier was significantly increased (p < 0.01). It was found that RIR2, BLACK, and COL pure lines had the best feather score. These findings suggest that chickens placed in top cage tiers with low stocking density (5 chickens/cage cell) and RIR2, BLACK and COL pure line genotypes improve feather score.
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    Effect of Different Housing Systems on Production and Blood Profile of Slow-Growing Broilers
    (KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2015) Diktas, Merve; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Duman, Mustafa; Yildirim, Arda
    Present study was conducted to investigate the effects of deep litter system, free-range with fixed housing system and free-range with portable housing system in wheat stubble on performance, internal organ weights, blood parameters and tonic immobility of slow-growing broilers. A total of 270 Hubbard Isa Red-JA chicks were used in experiments. The experiment lasted for 61 days. Results showed that the body weight on 21(st), 28(th), 35(th) and 42(th) days of birds from free-range with portable housing system was significantly lower than of those kept in deep litter and free range with fixed housing system. The viability of broilers in free-range with portable housing system was lower than broilers in free-range with fixed housing and deep litter system in the days of 14-42 and 14-61, while there were not any differences between housing systems in days of 43-61. Housing systems had no significant effect on feed conversion ratio and internal organ weight. There were no significant differences in tonic immobility durations of housing systems and some blood parameters, except hematocrit values. In conclusion, the body weight in free-range with portable housing system was significantly lower until 42nd day of the experiment, but this difference was disappeared during the rest of rearing period. It could be concluded that rural producer can be involved in broiler production after wheat harvesting.
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    Effect of different pasture species on welfare and behavior of slow-growing broiler chickens in free-range production system
    (Springer, 2023) Bashir, Nadia; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Tainika, Brian; Gur, Fatih Mehmet; Duman, Mustafa; Senturk, Yunus Emre
    This study investigated the effect of various pasture species on the welfare and behavior of slow-growing broiler chickens in the free-range production system. After 21 days completely indoors, the birds were permitted access to outdoor pens cultivated with one of the following pasture treatments: Medicago sativa (A), Trifolium repens (WC), Lolium perenne (PR), and a mixture (Mix, A + WC + PR). The range availability was restricted between 08:30 and 16:30 daily. It was found that pasture type had a significant effect on the fluctuating asymmetry of the face and radius length (P < 0.01). Duration of tonic immobility and blood parameters did not differ among the pasture species and between sexes at 11 weeks of broiler age (P > 0.05). Pasture treatment had no significant effect on broiler behaviors (P > 0.05). However, the age of broilers had a significant effect on pecking, dustbathing, and scratching (P < 0.01). Pecking behavior was affected by the time of the day; morning and afternoon (P < 0.01). Location had a significant effect on pecking and stretching behaviors (P < 0.01). In the study, dustbathing behavior was significantly affected by the interaction between location and age (P < 0.01), age and time of the day (P < 0.01), and location, age, and time of the day (P < 0.05). Scratching behavior was significantly affected by the interaction between location and time of the day (P < 0.05) and location, age and time of the day (P < 0.01). Stretching behavior was significantly affected by the interaction between location and age (P < 0.05) and location, age and time of the day (P < 0.05). It was concluded that access to the studied pasture species does not affect the evaluated welfare traits and observed behaviors. Therefore, it is suggested that other pasture species should be investigated to identify their effect on slow-growing strains in the free-range production system.
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    EFFECT OF DISTANCE FROM THE ROADWAY ON HEAVY METAL CONTENT AND EGG QUALITY OF VILLAGE LAYING HEN'S EGG ALONG ROADSIDES OF TOKAT-TURHAL, TURKEY
    (UNIV AGRICULTURE, 2013) Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Sari, Hayati; Sarica, Musa; Yildirim, Arda; Duman, Mustafa
    In this study, the heavy metal contents and egg quality characteristics of chicken eggs was studied. The eggs have been collected at distances of 0-100 (Distance A), 100-200 (Distance B) and 200-300 m (Distance C) away from the edge of Tokat-Turhal road. The distance from roadway had no significant effect on egg Cu and Mn contents (P>0.05), although a significant effect on egg Cd and Pb content (P<0.05) was observed. There were no significant difference in egg shape index, egg shell thickness, breakage strength, egg albumin pH, albumin index, Haugh units and yolk index according to distance from the roadway (P> 0.05). Eggs obtained from distance A and B had significantly higher weight than obtained from distance C (P<0.05). Egg obtained from distance B had significantly lower egg shell colour scales than those of the other distances (P<0.01). And, egg yolk colour was showed a significant variation among the distances away from the roadway, and the highest yolk colour value was detected in distance B (P<0.05). Depending on obtained results, it can be concluded that the egg heavy metal concentrations exceeded background levels for hen eggs. Therefore, consumers should be aware of the possible health risks related by the use of these eggs which has obtained from side of road.
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    Effect of Free Fange Production System on Slower-Growing Broiler Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality
    (KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2012) Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Diktas, Merve
    The experiment was conducted to study the effect of deep litter system, free-range with fixed housing system and free-range with portable housing system in wheat stubble on carcass characteristics and meat quality of slow-growing broiler chickens. The number of 270 slow-growing Hubbard Isa Red-JA chicks was used in experiment. Number of 12 slow-growing broilers from each production system and totally 36 slow-growing broilers was selected for detection of carcass and meat quality characteristics. Results showed that production system has a significant effect on carcass yield, leg and wing ratios (P<0.05), but has not any effect on breast, back and neck ratios (P>0.05). Production system was also not effected in terms of pH, color, protein content, fat, ash, dry matter and water holding capacity of breast meat (P>0.05), but has a significant effect in terms of polyunsaturated fatty acids of breast meat (P<0.01). While there was a significant difference between production systems in terms of monounsaturated fatty acid miristoleik acit (P<0.5), there were any significant difference in terms of other fatty acids (P>0.05). Free-range with fixed housing system has an advantage than other systems in terms of nutrient content, polyunsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acid miristoleik acit of breast meat.
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    Effects of egg shell color and storage duration on the external and internal egg quality traits of ATAK-S layer hybrids
    (PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA CHILE, FAC AGRONOMIA INGENIERIA FORESTAL, 2016) Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Gok, Hamdiye; Duman, Mustafa
    The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of storage duration and egg shell color on external and internal egg quality traits. Eggs were obtained from 29-week--old ATAK-S layer hybrids reared in a traditional cage system. Storage durations were set as 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Shell color was classified as dark (59.00-67.99); moderate (68.00-70.99) and light (71.00-79.99) using the Delta E values of the eggs. The storage duration significantly affected the egg weight (P <= 0.01), specific gravity (P <= 0.01), breaking strength (P <= 0.01), shell thickness (P <= 0.01), shell weight (P <= 0.01), surface area (P <= 0.01), albumen index (P <= 0.01), yolk index (P <= 0.01), Haugh unit (P <= 0.01), yolk color (P <= 0.05) and albumen pH (P <= 0.01). The egg shell color significantly affected the specific gravity (P <= 0.01), breaking strength (P <= 0.01), shell thickness (P <= 0.01), shell weight (P <= 0.01), albumen pH (P <= 0.05) and albumen blood-meat spots (P <= 0.05). The current findings revealed that the eggs should be transported to consumers as soon as possible, and further studies should be performed to darken egg shell colors. It was concluded that newly laid dark colored eggs had the best quality.
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    Egg production and quality characteristics of laying hens fed diets supplemented with dry caper (Capparis spinosa) leaf powder
    (Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Yildirim, Arda; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Koc, Huseyin; Eleroglu, Hasan; Duman, Mustafa; Tahtali, Yalcin; Elmastas, Mahfuz
    An in vivo experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary inclusion of dry Caper (Capparis spinosa) leaf powder (DCL) on egg production and egg quality of laying hens at the beginning of the laying period. Four groups of commercial hens (ATAK-S) were fed with diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15 g DCL/kg. The results demonstrated that dietary DCL had no effect on feed intake, feed efficiency, egg mass (EM) and egg production parameters (P>0.05). Hen-day egg production (HDP) value of the groups was 69.52%, 64.97%, 68.02% and 71.72% respectively. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total phenolics amount of DCL were 51.06 +/- 2.300 mmol trolox/kg, 50.10 +/- 3.488 mmol TEAC/kg and 2.78 +/- 0.050 g gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/kg respectively. Based on the results from the current study, the dietary DCL with levels up to 15 g/kg neither reduced productivity performance traits nor improved egg quality characteristics.C
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    Factors Influencing Ranging Behavior of Different Strains of Hens
    (Springer India, 2024) Tainika, Brian; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Abaci, Samet Hasan
    This study investigated the effect of plant species, month of the year, time of the day, and weather variables on hen percentage outdoor and ranging distance of Lohmann LSL Classic (LW) and Lohmann Sandy (LS) strains. Mentha piperita (M. piperita), Petroselinum crispum (P. crispum), and Medicago sativa (M. sativa) were studied. From 14 to 42 weeks of age, the number of hens outside and the distance ranged: from 0 to 3.0 m, 3.1-6.0 m, and 6.1-9.0 m from the barn were live counted at 9:00 a.m., 12:00, and 3:00 p.m. daily. Also, within the same time, the weather conditions (live observed), and the indoor and outdoor temperatures were recorded accordingly. More LW than LS hens were observed outside and more LS than LW hens ranged further than 3.0 m from the barn (p < 0.01). More hens were found in the M. sativa than in other plant treatments (p < 0.01). The percentage of hens outside and ranging distance increased at 12:00 noon, at an indoor-outdoor temperature difference of >= 3 degrees C, and in October (p < 0.01). Hen percentage on the range and ranging distance increased and decreased in cloudy and foggy weather, respectively (p < 0.01). Additionally, the interaction between strain and the month of the year, and the interaction between strain and the weather conditions affected hen percentage outdoor (p < 0.01). It was concluded that the hen percentage outdoor and ranging distance can be modulated by plant species and laying hen strain. It is crucial to consider these two aspects in further studies so that the ranging behaviors of hens can be enhanced.
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    THE EFFECT OF DRY CAPER (Capparis spinosa) FRUIT ON EGG PRODUCTION AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF LAYING HENS
    (UNIV AGRICULTURE, FAC VETERINARY SCIENCE, 2014) Yildirim, Arda; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Koc, Huseyin; Eleroglu, Hasan; Tahtali, Yalcin; Sen, Merve Isil; Genc, Nusret
    This study was conducted to determine the effect of increasing dietary inclusion of dry Caper (Capparis spinosa) fruit (DCF) on egg production and quality characteristics of laying hens between 20 and 32 weeks of age. Four groups of commercial hens (ATAK-S) were fed with diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15 g DCF/kg. The results showed that final body weight, feed intake, shape index (SI) and morning hen-day egg yield were influenced by dietary supplementation of DCF (P<0.05). Henday egg production (HDP) value of commercial hens groups was 73.47%, 56.67%, 54.18% and 51.72% respectively. The effect of increased the levels of DCF on egg weight, specific gravity, shell breaking strength, shell thickness, surface area, albumen pH, albumen index (AI), yolk index (YI), shell weight and haugh unit (HU) was not statistically significant (P>0.05) during the entire experiment. The lightness (L*) and redness (a*) values for egg shell color were similar (P>0.05) in the DCL supplemented groups as compared to the control group. The yellowness (b*), Hue angle (H), chroma (C*) and Delta E* values were lower (P<0.05) in 15 g DFC/kg group when compared with the control. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total phenolics amount of DCF were 43.75 +/- 0.680 mmol trolox/kg, 60.03 +/- 3.710 mmol TEAC/kg and 3.16 +/- 0.060 g gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/kg, respectively. Based on the results from the current study, the dietary supplementation with dry DCF had adverse effects on productivity performance traits and egg quality.
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    The effect of dry caper (capparis spinosa) fruit on egg production and quality characteristics of laying hens
    (University of Agriculture, 2014) Yildirim, Arda; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Koc, Huseyin; Eleroglu, Hasan; Tahtali, Yalcin; Sen, Merve Isil; Duman, Mustafa
    This study was conducted to determine the effect of increasing dietary inclusion of dry Caper (Capparis spinosa) fruit (DCF) on egg production and quality characteristics of laying hens between 20 and 32 weeks of age. Four groups of commercial hens (ATAK-S) were fed with diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15 g DCF/kg. The results showed that final body weight, feed intake, shape index (SI) and morning hen-day egg yield were influenced by dietary supplementation of DCF (P<0.05). Hen-day egg production (HDP) value of commercial hens groups was 73.47%, 56.67%, 54.18% and 51.72% respectively. The effect of increased the levels of DCF on egg weight, specific gravity, shell breaking strength, shell thickness, surface area, albumen pH, albumen index (AI), yolk index (YI), shell weight and haugh unit (HU) was not statistically significant (P>0.05) during the entire experiment. The lightness (L*) and redness (a*) values for egg shell color were similar (P>0.05) in the DCL supplemented groups as compared to the control group. The yellowness (b*), Hue angle (H), chroma (C*) and ?E* values were lower (P<0.05) in 15 g DFC/kg group when compared with the control. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total phenolics amount of DCF were 43.75±0.680 mmol trolox/kg, 60.03±3.710 mmol TEAC/kg and 3.16±0.060 g gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/kg, respectively. Based on the results from the current study, the dietary supplementation with dry DCF had adverse effects on productivity performance traits and egg quality.
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    The investigation of quality features of Turkish commercial honey bee queens (Apis mellifera L.) in different seasons
    (Univ Agriculture, Fac Veterinary Science, 2023) Akturk, Salim; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Okuyan, Samet; Akdeniz, Goekhan; Arici, Yeliz Kasko; Solmaz, Serhat; Cakici, Neslihan
    The quality of queen bees plays a crucial role in colony losses and overall productivity. However, there is a lack of studies utilizing commercially available queen bees with a substantial sample size. This study aims to address this research gap by assessing the quality attributes of queens sold in Turkiye and investigating the influence of season and breeds on these attributes. Anonymously obtained from 15 different queen producers across five regions in three different seasons, queens were evaluated, based on reproductive criteria. In addition to these queen producers, we also included queens from Apiculture Research Institute, in which this study was conducted. Weight features and dissection characteristics were found to be influenced by the time period and ecotypes. This study examined the average diameter of the spermatheca, with measurements of 1.148 mm in April-May, 1.109 mm in July, and 1.115 mm in September. The average overall sperm count recorded was approximately 4.086 million. It is considered that this number is adequate and could be further improved by applying elements such as optimal location selection, drone cultivation, and correct and thorough implementation of the production method. While this study revealed multiple advantages of Yigilca Ecotype queen bees, the findings did not establish a substantial advantage over other breeds to recommend their widespread usage in beekeeping enterprises. To make definitive suggestions, it is crucial to conduct similar research over multiple years and assess colony growth in regions favored by migratory beekeepers during winter. The findings of this study provide valuable information about the quality of available queens from different regions and ecotypes in different seasons, aiding beekeepers in making informed decisions when purchasing queen bees. Additionally, the research offers valuable insights for queen bee producers, assisting in the timing of queen bee rearing operations based on specific regions and ecotypes.
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    The potential of pumice as a litter material and its influence on growth performance, carcass parameters, litter quality traits, behavior, and welfare in broiler chickens
    (Springer, 2024) Duman, Mustafa; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Tainika, Brian
    This study evaluated the possibilities of pumice (light stones) as litter material in broiler production. Experimental treatments included wood shavings (WS), acidic pumice (AP), and basic pumice (BP) alone, and in combination; wood shaving + acidic pumice (WSAP) and wood shaving + basic pumice (WSBP) in a ratio of 1:1. Two trials were performed, one in summer, and the other in winter. Each trial involved 750 mixed-sex Ross (308) broilers. Also, there were 15 replicate pens with 50 broilers and a stocking density of 12.5 birds/m(2) for each pen at the beginning of each trial. Performance, litter quality, carcass parameters, body and leg abnormalities, body temperature, fear and stress responses, proportional asymmetry, and some behavior expressions were investigated. The litter treatment influenced the final live body weight, litter moisture, ammonia concentration, footpad dermatitis, hock burn, breast blister, hot carcass yield, heart, liver, spleen, abdominal fat, wing and neck ratio, breast and back cleanliness, and the expression of dust bathing and foraging behaviors (P < 0.01; P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a seasonal effect on live body weight, feed conversion ratio, livability, litter pH, 42-day litter moisture, hot carcass yield, back cleanliness, footpad dermatitis, hock burn, footpad temperature, heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and expression of pecking behavior (P < 0.01; P < 0.05). It is suggested that acidic pumice stone alone or in a mixture with wood shavings could be used as a reliable litter material, alternative to wood shavings.
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    The welfare of slow growing broiler genotypes reared in organic system
    (UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIV, 2015) Eleroglu, Hasan; Yildirim, Arda; Duman, Mustafa; Sekeroglu, Ahmet
    This study study was conducted to compare welfare indicators and some serum biochemical parameters of two different slow-growing genotypes (Hubbard S757; S757 and Hubbard Grey Barred JA; GB-JA) under organic housing system. A total of 240 day-old chicks were allocated randomly into 2 experimental group with 6 replicates and 20 chicks was reared in each replicate. The tonic immobility was a significant difference between genotypes and sex at 10 and 14 weeks, respectively (P < 0.05). Overall duration of tonic immobility was similar (P > 0.05) in genotypes and sex. The effect of sex was significant for width of tarsometatarsus at the joint with tibiotarsus; males had greater fluctuating and relativite asymmetry than females (P < 0.05). There were positively correlations between fluctuating and relative asimetry values of the third phalanx of the mid toe length and the fourth phalanx of the outer toe length from specific feet trait measurements. Serum cholesterol and uric acid had significant differences between genotypes (P < 0.01). Cholesterol levels was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in male than in female slow-growing broiler. It is concluded that slow-growing genotypes and sex had no effect on measures of welfare, such as the fluctuating asymmetry, relativite asymmetry, tonic immobility and rectal temperatures.
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    Öğe
    Welfare issues in broiler chickens: overview
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Tainika, Brian; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Akyol, Ahmet; Nganga, Zacharia Waithaka
    Development of quality welfare assessment protocols is a necessary step towards achieving high broiler welfare standards. Rapid growth rate and highly intensive commercial production systems have been highly associated with poor welfare indicated by mainly leg deformities, high stress levels and increased fear responses. Stress response in broilers is characterised by increased corticosterone and heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio especially under heat stress, high light intensity, high stocking density, and an unenriched environment. Rearing environment, genotypes, high light intensity and human handling highly influence fear responses as proved during tonic immobility, open field, novel enrichment, and avoidance distance tests. Lameness which is usually visually assessed by a gait score scale remains an undisputable indicator of poor welfare in broiler production due to its effects on mobility and association with pain. Other leg problems including footpad dermatitis and hock burn also remain significant and they are highly associated with fast growth, high stocking density, poor litter quality, and poor or non-enriched production systems. Litter management and good ventilation are necessary to ensure good plumage conditions, reduction in ammonia emissions thereby promoting the well-being of broilers. Generally, broilers should be motivated and able to exhibit natural behaviours without straining including feeding, drinking, walking, and stretching thereby enhancing bird health, performance, production, and consumer satisfaction. Using a systematic approach, the important welfare parameters including stress, fear response, leg problems, plumage condition, environment, and behaviour are intensively discussed to explore the latest insights of broiler chickens' welfare.