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    A Study of Vitamin D and Calcium Level in Beta Thalassemia Major in Duhok Province
    (2019) Ali, Ghorbat; Najeeb, Malika; Jubrail, Amad; Selamoğlu, Zeliha
    ?-thalassemia major is severe hemolytic anemia which requires repeated blood transfusion and forsurvival, which leading to iron overload. Serious complications due to iron over load are recognizedin the thalassemia patients. objectives Vitamin D and calcium are important factors for homeostasisof calcium in this study. This study was conducted for a period of two year including from patientswith ?- thalassemia major from Duhok Thalassemia Centre between 2014 -2015. Thirty eighth ?thalassemia major patients and thirty eighth persons with age- matched as control group wereenrolled in the study. Serum concentration of 25- hydroxy vitamin D and calcium were estimated byenzyme linked fluorescent assay and colorimetric method, respectively. In patients, the level ofserum 25- hydroxy vitamin D was significantly lower 11.11±4.36 ng/mL compared with controlgroup (14.03±5.96ng/mL). Vitamin D deficiency is observed about 94.73% in patients. The meanlevel of serum calcium in patients group is 7.9±0.47mg/dL and 8.98±0.77 mg/dL in control group.There was a statistically significant difference in serum calcium value between patients and controlgroup. 44.73% of patients have hypocalcaemia. This study demonstrated a high prevalence ofVitamin D deficiency and low total serum calcium levels in thalassemia patients with a significantlylower than healthy group. Hypocalcemia and vitamin D deficiency may be results from the negativeeffect of the repeated blood transfusion and malnourishment.
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    Affinity of Propofol to Human Serum Albumin and Cardiovascular Effects
    (2019) Özaltun, Betül; Selamoğlu, Zeliha
    Propofol genel anestezi ve sedasyonda kullanılır. Bir lipofilik ajandır ve karaciğerde aktif olmayanforma dönüştürülür, sonra idrarla atılır. Vücuttaki etkileri çözünür albüminle değişir. Propofolün%97’den fazlası serum albümine bağlanır. Böylece hipoalbunemi propofol etkilerini değiştirir.Serbest propopol formu, kan-beyin bariyeri ve kardiyak endotelin hücresel zarı gibi tüm zarlarıgeçebilir. Propofol, önemli miyokard depresyonuna neden olabilir, kan basıncını düşürebilir vehayatı tehdit eden aritmilere sebep olabilir. Uygulama dozu ve süresine bağlı olarak serbest ve bağlıpropofol ve albümin formlarındaki değişiklikler, bu oranın kardiyak profil üzerindeki etkileri buçalışmada tartışılmıştır. Bulgulara göre, propofole albümin afinitesinin tüm doz gruplarında zamanabağlı olarak azaldığı tespit edildi. Serbest albumin ve serbest propofol oranı artacağından, budurumun kalp profilini olumsuz yönde etkileyebileceği düşünülmektedir.
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    Effects of Seasonal Factors in The Goats’ Reproductive Efficiency
    (2019) Khan, Usman; Khan, Ali; Khan, Umar; Selamoğlu, Zeliha
    Interest in goat farming is at its peak since the last decade of 20th century because the role of goat iswell established in animal protein as well as in economic uplift of poor masses in the tropics andsubtropics, but also constitutes an important component of traditional farming systems. Goat is abetter option as farm animal in the tropics and subtropics as it can withstand dehydration and hasbetter browsing habit which enables it to survive where cattle and sheep farming is difficult.Reproductive performance of does is of immense importance as contributing factor towardsincreased meat production and in finding out more prolific animals. This is the main factor affectingproductivity of goats. Therefore, an improved reproduction rate will be an approach to increase innumbers. Reproductive seasonality represents a natural adaptation that provides importantadvantages for birth and offspring survival and development, as lambing/kidding coincides withgood weather and maximum availability of forage. It is believed that photoperiod is theenvironmental factor other than food availability that determines the sexual activity in sheep andgoat. This review paper focuses on the general aspects of seasonal factors influencing the goat’s reproductive efficiency.
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    Oxidant/antioxidant potentials and heavy metal levels of Pisolithus arhizus and its effects on cardiovascular diseases
    (National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, 2021) Sevindik, Mustafa; Ajaz, Mahvish; Özdemir, Betül; Akata, Ilgaz; Selamoğlu, Zeliha
    Pisolithus arhizus (Scop) Rauschert is a cosmopolitan mushroom in warm temperate regions of the world and forms ectomycorrhizas associations with a wide range of tree species (both angiosperms and gymnosperms). P. arhizus samples were collected from a pine forest in Antalya province (Turkey). Powdered mushroom samples were extracted with ethanol (EtOH) using a Soxhlet apparatus at 50 °C, then concentrated under pressure at 40 °C in a rotary evaporator, and stored at 4 °C in airtight containers. Rel Assay Kits were used to determine the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) of mushroom extracts. The elemental contents of the mushrooms were then determined using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. It was determined that the heavy metal content in P. arhizus were found to be generally at optimal levels and the TOS value of mushroom was exceptional. Heavy metals are toxic, they may have chronic degenerative changes on organs. Vascular effects of heavy metals may contribute to a variety of pathologic conditions. Heavy metals resulting in pathophysiological changes causes atherogenic events like increased oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and coagulation activity. It has been determined that P. arhizus may be an important source of antioxidants. © 2021, National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources. All rights reserved.
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    Physicochemical Properties of Cheddar Cheese made from Citrus reticulata Blanco Crude Flowers Extract
    (2019) Khan, Usman Mir; Ahmad, Ishtiaque; Inayat, Saima; Amın, Hafiz Muhammed Arslan; Selamoğlu, Zeliha
    Citrus reticulata Blanco crude flowers extracts (CFE) at four different concentrations (1, 2, 3 and 4%, v/v) were used as natural milk coagulant instead of rennet to apply for Cheddar cheese making from buffalo milk. The physicochemical properties of Cheddar cheeses were compared with cheese made with 0.002% (v/v) rennet (control cheese). Physicochemical properties of Cheddar cheese showed that cheese made with 1% and 2% of CFE had a crumbly and slightly softer texture/appearance. While cheeses containing 3 and 4% crude flowers extracts had semi-hard texture/appearance of curd similar to rennet added cheese. Protein analysis shows that crude flowers extracts made cheese had significantly higher protein content than control. The Cheddar cheese with 3% and 4% CFE were preferred by panelists instead of 1% and 2% CFE for their taste, texture/appearance and overall acceptability. Conclusively, crude flowers extracts coagulated Cheddar cheese fulfills the compositional requirement with acceptable organoleptic characteristics and at the same time provides nutritional health benefits.
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    Potential Cardiogenic Effects of Poisonous Mushrooms
    (2021) Sevindik, Mustafa; Özaltun, Betül; Braidy, Nady; Akgül, Hasan; Akata, Ilgaz; Selamoğlu, Zeliha
    Natural resources have been the savior of people at every stage of human history. Mushrooms are very valuable food sources, especially in the rainy seasons. They can be grouped as poisonous, edible or inedible, depending on their nutritional status. These groups have positive or negative effects. Some types of mushrooms have different medicinal properties thanks to their bioactive compounds. It is necessary to characterize their toxicological profiles, especially before using mushroom species for human consumption, as toxic substances are identified even in some edible species. Mycetism, known as mushroom poisoning, is an international health problem. There are those that cause deadly poisoning and limited symptoms of poisoning in mushrooms. Poisonous mushrooms are divided into many classes as cytotoxic, neurotoxic, myotoxic, gastroirritan mushrooms according to their types or symptoms they cause. It is known that mushroom poisoning can cause serious toxicity on the liver, kidneys and central nervous system. However, its effect on heart function has not been determined yet. This study focused on poisonous mushrooms and their cardiological effects.
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    The effects of acrylamide and vitamin E administration during pregnancy on adults’ ovarian tissue: An experimental study
    (2019) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Erdemli, Zeynep; Türköz, Yusuf; Bağ, Harika Gözde Gözükara; Selamoğlu, Zeliha
    Aim: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects on ovarian tissues of adult female rats, which were the offspring ofrats administered acrylamide (AA) and vitamin E during pregnancy.Material and Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups of 6 pregnant rats, as the Control, Corn Oil, Vitamin E, AA, Vitamin E +AA groups. The births were monitored on the 21st day to select the female rats. The selected female rats were decapitated at the endof the 8th week and their ovarian tissues were removed under anesthesia malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), totalantioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant capacity (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)and nitric oxide (NO) levels were examined.Results: Administration of AA during pregnancy caused an increase in MDA, TOS, OSI and NO levels and a decrease in GSH, SOD, CATand TAS levels in the ovarian tissues of the rats when compared to the control group. It was determined that vitamin E administrationcaused an increase in GSH, SOD, CAT and TAS levels in ovarian tissues, compared to all other groups (P <0.05).Conclusion: Exposure to food-induced AA toxicity increases each day and the parallel increase in infertility suggests that it could berelated to AA toxicity. Although vitamin E is capable to exert a protective effect against AA toxicity through increasing the antioxidantcapacity of ovarian tissue, there is certain necessity for further studies.