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Öğe Exploring the efficacy of RNAi-mediated gene knock-down via oral delivery of dsRNA in the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say)(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2023) Tariq, Haneef; Gokce, Ayhan; Aksoy, Emre; Elci, Eminur; Bakhsh, AllahRNA interference (RNAi) is a versatile genetic tool capable of selectively inhibiting the expression of any gene in a targeted organism. Its implementation holds great promise for safeguarding crops against insect pests and diseases. Vacuolar-ATPase represents an ideal target for RNAi-based pest management strategies since it is an enzyme essential for various physiological processes in insects. In this study, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was synthesized using an L4440 vector in Escherichia coli HT115 strain to silence the Vacuolar-ATPase proteolipid subunit mRNA in the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say). To assess the effectiveness of RNAi, L. decemlineata larvae at different developmental stages were fed potato leaflets treated with dsRNA. The feeding bioassays using dsV-ATPase resulted in significant mortality rates, ranging from 45% to 77% across all of the instar stages of L. decemlineata. Furthermore, ingestion of dsRNAs by third-and fourth-instar larvae exerted significant effects on their body weight and foliage consumption. Notably, feeding the larvae dsV-ATPase led to a significant reduction in V-ATPase gene expression, confirming the efficacy of RNAi-mediated gene silencing in controlling L. decemlineata populations. These findings highlight the potential of RNAi-mediated gene silencing as a valuable strategy for managing L. decemlineata populations by targeting essential genes.Öğe Harnessing plant-mediated RNAi for effective management of Phthorimaea absoluta by targeting AChE1 and SEC23 genes(Elsevier, 2024) Hashmi, Muneeb Hassan; Tariq, Haneef; Saeed, Faisal; Demirel, Ufuk; Gokce, Ayhan; Merzendorfer, Hans; Aksoy, EmreTomato production on a global scale is under persistent pressure due to the devastating impact of Phthorimaea absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), the South American tomato leaf miner. To combat this devastating pest, we explored the potential of plant-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) as a novel strategy for its management. Using transgenic techniques, we developed RNAi constructs (p35SÖğe Insect Meal as an Alternative to Protein Concentrates in Poultry Nutrition with Future Perspectives (An Updated Review)(Mdpi, 2023) Sajid, Qurat Ul Ain; Asghar, Muhammad Umair; Tariq, Haneef; Wilk, Martyna; Platek, ArkadiuszIn recent years, interest has grown among poultry nutritionists in using alternative protein sources, such as insect meal, to meet the protein requirements of poultry due to sustainability concerns surrounding traditional protein sources such as soybean and fish meal. Insect meal can be produced from different insects, including black soldier fly, mealworms, and house crickets, and its nutrient composition varies depending on the insect species, the substrate they are reared on, and the production method. This review article provides an updated overview of insect meal as a new form of protein concentrate in poultry diets, including its nutritional value, advantages, challenges, and future prospects. Insect meal has been shown to be a rich source of protein, amino acids (lysine, methionine), and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, zinc), with a high digestibility rate, making it a valuable feed ingredient for poultry production. Additionally, using insect meal in poultry feed could reduce the cost of production and the environmental impact on the industry. Furthermore, the use of insect meal has the potential to improve the growth performance and meat quality of poultry species. However, several challenges related to large-scale insect production, legal regulatory frameworks, and consumer acceptance need to be addressed. Future research and development could help overcome these challenges and increase the adoption of insects as a potential source of protein in poultry feed. This review provides an updated and comprehensive overview of insects as a potential source of protein for poultry nutrition and highlights the possible perspectives of insect meal to contribute to a more sustainable and efficient poultry production system. While challenges remain, the utilization of insect meal in poultry feed has the capability to enhance the sustainability and efficiency in the poultry industry. Hence, insect meal emerges as a highly encouraging protein alternative, offering sustainable prospects for its utilization within the poultry sector. However, advancements in insect production technology and efficiency have the potential to raise the production scale while lowering prices, making insect meals more affordable compared to conventional protein sources. Based on the comprehensive analysis, it is recommended to further explore the practical implementation of insect meal as a reliable and efficient means of supplying protein in poultry nutrition.Öğe Ontogenetic morphological changes of the venom apparatus in 4 eupelmid egg parasitoids(Cambridge Univ Press, 2024) Chen, Xu; Zhao, Qian-Yu; Chen, Yong-Ming; Tariq, Haneef; Zang, Lian-ShengParasitoid wasps, notably egg parasitoids of the family Eupelmidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), a key natural enemy of insect pests, offer a sustainable approach to pest management in agriculture. This study investigated the venom apparatus's developmental dynamics across 4 species of eupelmid egg parasitoids: Anastatus. japonicus, Anastatus fulloi, Mesocomys trabalae and Mesocomys albitarsis. A comprehensive anatomical investigation revealed differences in the dimensions of the venom apparatus across different developmental stages in adult females. We found that the venom apparatus of these 4 studied species consists of a venom gland and a reservoir with an associated Dufour's gland. As the length of post-emergence increases, a significant enlargement in the venom apparatus is evident across all the studied parasitoid species. Notably, M. albitarsis consistently exhibites the shortest venom gland length, whereas that of A. fulloi is the longest among the observed species. At the high day age, the width of venom glands of the 2 Mesocomys species surpasses those of the Anastatus species; for the volume of the venom reservoir, there is a steady increase in all 4 species before the age of 6-7 days, with a decline on 8th day, especially for A. japonicus. This research provided new insights into the developmental trajectories of venom apparatus in eupelmid egg parasitoids and the potential impact of venom potency on their success.
