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    A study of removal of Pb heavy metal ions from aqueous solution using lignite and a new cheap adsorbent (lignite washing plant tailings)
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2009) Ucurum, M.
    The present study determines the efficiency with which lignite and lignite washing plant tailings can adsorb Pb heavy metal ions. In the first experiment, the effect of size distribution on the absorbance capacity was investigated for the samples. Therefore, lignite sample was ground to five sizes (d(80) = 0.600. 0.355, 0.250, 0.106 and 0.063 mm) under nitrogen (N-2) and the tailings sample was classified into seven fractions, along with the original state (original state: d(60) = 0.063. -1 + 0.600, -0.600 + 0.355, -0.355 + 0.250, -0.250 + 0.106, -0.106 + 0.063 and -0.063 mm). The test results showed that the optimum size distributions for lignite and tailings were d(80) = 0.063 mm and the original state (d(60) = 0.063 mm), respectively. Simultaneously, the adsorption capacity results of the two optimum sizes were compared with each other, and the tailings sample (d60 = 0.063 mm) gave the best results, with 9.30 mg/g Pb ions adsorbed value. Therefore, in the second study, a series of laboratory experiments using 2(3) full factorial designs was conducted to determine the optimum pH, contact time and initial metal concentration using the original tailings sample. The experimental studies showed that pH 9, a 120 min contact time and 300 ppm initial metal concentration gave the best results, namely an adsorption of 29.92 mg Pb ions/g. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    A Study on Characterization and Use of Flotation to Separate Unburned Carbon in Bottom Ash from Cayirhan Power Plant
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2011) Ucurum, M.; Toraman, O. Y.; Depci, T.; Yogurtcuoglu, E.
    In this study, bottom ash from the Tuncbilek power plant has been characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and infrared analysis. The bottom ash sample is potentially of class C type and has unburned carbon. The unburned carbon was separated from the bottom ash in a laboratory flotation cell. In the flotation experiment, sodium silicate (as a potential dispersant and depressant), butanol (promoter), kerosene oil (collector), and pine oil (frother) were used and the optimization of these flotation reagents were done through statistical modeling using a full two-level factorial design in order to evaluate the main and interaction effects of variables in flotation of unburned carbon; the evaluation of the results was done by Yates' notation. Test results showed that a product with 45.41% combustible grade at 40.0% recovery and 94.86% ash rejection was obtained at 1.98 g/kg sodium silicate, 1.38 g/kg promoter, 4.95 g/kg collector, and 2.41 g/kg frother.
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    Influences of Jameson flotation operation variables on the kinetics and recovery of unburned carbon
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2009) Ucurum, M.
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of Jameson flotation operation variables on the recovery and kinetics of unburned carbon (UC). The waste sample of petroleum coke, filter powder or fly ash, used in the experiments was collected from lime calcination plant tailings. The effect of Jameson flotation parameters on the recovery and kinetics efficiencies of UC was systematically studied. The feasibility of separating unburned carbon and refuse was determined from the combustible recovery (CR) and ash reduction (AR) (%) curves. Within the range studied, the optimum diesel oil dosage was 3500 g/tonne, pine oil dosage was 2500 g/tonne, pulp density was 15%, wash water rate was 0.17 cm/s and downcomer immersion depth was 50 cm. The results indicate that the Jameson flotation technique is effective in removing the UC from waste filter powder. Furthermore, the classical first-order kinetic flotation model (R=R-infinity [1 - exp (-k*t)]) was applied to data from the tests. The model was evaluated by statistical technique, after non-linear regression on the model parameters. It is found that the classical first order flotation kinetic model, most extensively used among flotation models, fits the tests data very well. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.