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Öğe Fatty acid and conjugated linoleic acid content of Anatolian buffaloes at different muscle types and slaughter weight(Springer, 2022) Sahin, Aziz; Aksoy, Yuksel; Ugurlutepe, Emre; Ulutas, Zafer; Erinc, Hakan; Aydin, Kenan BurakThis research was performed to detect tissue fatty acid (FA) composition and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in Anatolian buffaloes at different muscle types (MTs) and slaughter weights (SWs). The research was carried out on a private commercial livestock farm in Tokat. The research's animal material comprised 20 Anatolian buffalo calves with approximately 100 kg body weights, weaned at about 150 days of age. Before the experiment started, the calves were randomly divided into two slaughter groups (SW) as low weight (LW=225 kg) and high weight (HW=325 kg). Ten calves from each of the two experimental groups, which were intensively fed, were slaughtered in two different weights. After the slaughtering, FA composition and CLA content of the Semimembranosus (SM), Semitendinosus (ST), and Triceps brachii (TB) muscle tissues of the animals were examined. The study determined that palmitoleic acid (C16:1) and stearic acid (C18:0) were affected by MTs and oleic acid (C18:1) and alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) were affected by SW (P < 0.05). The highest CLA was in the ST muscle type (0.298) and the LW group (0.289) of the SW groups (P > 0.05). With the increase of SW (in LW and HW groups), n-6/n3 (SM: 7.783 and 6.533; ST: 8.115 and 7.859; TB: 8.416 and 8.215) (P > 0.05) and PUFA ratio decreased (P < 0.05). The SW increase raised the SFA ratio in the SM muscle (P < 0.05) while lowering it in the TB muscle (P > 0.05). Again, with the increase in SW, AI and TI values increased in SM and ST muscles, while the same index values decreased in TB muscle (P> 0.05). In conclusion, when considering the PUFA/SFA ratio and the beneficial effects of CLAs on human health, ST in the MT and LW groups in SW, and thus ST and LW in MT and SW were prominent in Anatolian buffaloes.Öğe The application of six different models to estimate the genetic parameters, variance components and breeding values for birth weight of Holstein calves(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Sahin, Aziz; Ulutas, Zafer; Ugurlutepe, EmreThis research was conducted to determine variance component, genetic parameters and breeding values (EBV) for the birth weight (BW) of Holstein calves. In this context, the direct genetic (sigma(2)(a)), maternal genetic (sigma(2)(m)) and maternal permanent environmental effects, which affect BW, were separately assessed. The multi-trait, derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood programme was used for determining the effect of the genetic parameters by using models that either included or excluded the maternal genetic and/or permanent maternal environmental effects. The estimation of the BW of Holstein calves was optimized by evaluating six different models. The best model was chosen according to the log-likelihood ratio tests. Within the context of the study, a total of 4443 calves were investigated between 1987 and 2006. Among the six different models, model 4 was selected as the best model, since it had the lowest value for the likelihood ratio. The range of the values for direct heritability (h(d)(2)) and maternal heritability (m(2)) were between 0.07-0.13 and 0.04-0.09, respectively. In conclusion, an estimation of the genetic parameters for BW can be used as a selection criteria for Holstein calves.Öğe THE EFFECT OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON MILK COMPOSITION OF ANATOLIAN BUFFALOES(UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & VETERINARY MEDICINE BUCHAREST, 2016) Sahin, Aziz; Ulutas, Zufer; Yildirim, Arda; Kul, Ertugrul; Aksoy, Yuksel; Ugurlutepe, Emre; Kaplan, YusufThe aim of this study was to determine the composition of raw milk from Anatolian water buffaloes raised under different village conditions in the Tokat province of Northern Turkey. The study materials included 600 milk samples from 120 water buffaloes raised at different farms in 12 separate villages of the Erbaa, Turhal, and Pazar counties in the Tokat Province. The dry matter, nonfat dry matter (or solid non fat), fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of the milk samples were determined. The study results demonstrated that the mean dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of the raw milk samples were 16.99 +/- 0.108%, 10.88 +/- 0.036%, 5.98 +/- 0.107%, 4.85 +/- 0.043%, 5.17 +/- 0,021%, and 3.61 +/- 0.036%, respectively. The study data were evaluated according to the water buffaloes' lactation stage, parity, and season by using the SPSS statistical program. It was concluded that the sampling time, parity, village conditions, stage of lactation and calving age had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of raw milk from the Anatolian water buffalo.Öğe The effects of stage of lactation, parity and calving season on somatic cell counts in Anatolian Water Buffaloes(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2017) Sahin, Aziz; Yildirim, Arda; Ulutas, Zafer; Ugurlutepe, EmreThe present research was conducted to determine the effects of parity, calving season and stage of lactation on the somatic cell count (SCC) in Anatolian water buffaloes reared different herd conditions. In total, 2,736 SCC readings from 456 Anatolian water buffaloes were analyzed. Data were evaluated by the stage of lactation (early, mid, and late), calving season, and parity with the SPSS package program. Significant effects of calving season, parity, and stage of lactation on SCC were observed (P<0.05). The average SCC was 90,701 +/- 6,372 cells/ml. The results indicated that the SCC of buffaloes were in accordance with, even considerably lower than, the limits indicated in the related regulations of the Turkish Food Codex and those of the European Union Commission. Further studies are necessary to investigate the development of the appropriate threshold values under the conditions of Turkey.
