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    Micelle mediated selective extraction of lead after its complexation with thionine in aqueous samples prior to FAAS determination
    (Springer Int Publ Ag, 2022) Yildirim, Gizem Kahve; Surme, Yavuz
    A micelle mediated phase separation and preconcentration process of trace level Pb (II) ions in water samples, after chelating with thionine for determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was developed. The preconcentration step was based on the cloud point extraction of lead-thionine chelates with the non-ionic surfactant Tergitol NP-7 (TNP-7). Pb (II) ions were selectively reacted with thionine at pH 6 forming stable hydrophobic metal-chelates. The selectivity of the method proved in the presence of five different possible chelatable metal ions with thionine ligand. The parameters of the method were optimized for solution pH, surfactant concentration, ligand concentration, reaction temperature, incubation time and matrix ions. The reliability of the method was tested by relative standard deviation (RSD %), which was found to be less than 5%. The LOD and LOQ values were found as 1.5 and 5 mu g L-1 and the preconcentration factor was 25. The performance of the process was tested by standard reference material and analyte addition into the real samples.
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    Ultrasound-enhanced dispersive solid phase extraction of Cd (II), Co (II), and Ni (II) using magnetic Pinus pinea
    (Elsevier, 2024) Surme, Yavuz; Yildirim, Gizem Kahve; Ucan, Mustafa; Narin, Ibrahim
    A new ultrasound assisted dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) technique has been combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) to enable the simultaneous preconcentration, determination and removal of cadmium, cobalt and nickel ions from aqueous samples. In this procedure, a magnetic Pinus pinea bioadsorbent was synthesized and used as bio-adsorbent. The parameters such as solution pH, ultrasound time, analyte concentration and interfering ions were successfully optimized. All three metal ions were extracted within a mere 120 s at pH 6 and the extraction recovery values of the all three analytes were quantitative (>95%) under the optimal conditions. The adsorption processes of the metal ions were analyzed and adsorption of the metal ions were identified by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Mapping technique. A certified reference material was analyzed for the accuracy of the method. Finally, the developed method was applied for preconcentration and determination of the analytes in real water samples including natural spring water, natural mineral water and factory process water.