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    A validity and reliability study for the perceived belonging in sport scale
    (SILA SCIENCE, 2012) Unlu, Huseyin; Yilmaz, Baki
    The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and the reliability of The Perceived Belonging in Sport Scale developed by Justine amongst Turkish university student athletes. The sampling of the study consisted of a total of 437 athletes, 207 (47.4%) of whom were female and 230 (52.6%) of whom were male. Mean age of the athletes was 17.87 +/- 3.47 years. The Perceived Belonging in Sport Scale consisting of 18 items was used for data collection. 5 point Likert-type scale (1 = not at all true for me; 5 = completely true for me) was used to evaluate the items. For statistical analysis of the data, exploratory factor analysis was used to determine sub-factors of the scale. KMO and Barlett tests were conducted to measure the applicability of the exploratory factor analysis. To test the internal consistency of the scale, Cronbach's alpha internal consistency test was conducted on the sub-dimensions determined by exploratory factor analysis and on the total of the scale. Of the 18 items of the original scale, 8 were grouped under two sub-factors whose Eigen values were greater than 1. The total variance explained by these two sub-factors was 60.26%. The first sub-factor consisted of 1., 2, 5. and 8. items; while the second sub-factor consisted of 12., 15., 16., and 18. items. Cronbach's alpha score was 0.77 for the first sub-factor and 0.76 for the second sub-factor. Cronbach's alpha score for the total scale was found to be 0.81. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the items that were obtained from the exploratory factor analysis. According to this analysis, the structural reliability for the "identification with team" sub-dimension was found to be 0.76, and the structural reliability for "being a part of team" sub-dimension was found to be 0.78. In conclusion, the analysis indicated that The Perceived Belonging in Sport Scale was a valid and reliable tool for measuring and evaluating Turkish university student athletes' belongingness levels in the sports environment.
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    Examination of the organizational commitment and the levels of job satisfaction in accordance with specific variables
    (SILA SCIENCE, 2012) Yilmaz, Baki; Kilinc, Mahmut; Sahan, Hasan
    In this survey, organizational commitment and levels of job satisfaction have been examined in accordance with the variables of gender, age, length of service (seniority) and current school of the physical education teachers. The physical education teachers involved in the survey from the provinces of Adana, Osmaniye and Kahramanmaras are 353 teachers in total. The personal information form of 12 questions has been used in order to determine Individuals' personal characteristics, Organizational Commitment Questionnaire of 6-scale and 23 items has been used in order to determine organizational commitment levels, and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Measurement of 20 questions has been used to determine the job satisfaction levels. The arithmetical averages and standard deviation of the points coming from Organizational Commitment Questionnaire and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Measurement have been taken into account. Analysis methods which will be used to determine the differences among the groups have been specified by the help of Kaiser Meier-Olkin Test and Barlett's Test. Factor loads and Cronbach Alpha Coefficients have been determined. Mann-Whitney U in order to detect difference in the groups having two parts, in multiple groups Kruskal-Wallis H has been used. Meaningfulness level is presumed as 0.05. Consequently, a meaningful difference has been found out between the length of service and job satisfactions of the physical education teachers and also a significant difference has been observed between the level of their current school and both job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
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    The effects of work motivations of the academic staff at departments of physical education and sports on their performances
    (SILA SCIENCE, 2012) Yilmaz, Baki
    The objective of this study is to analyse the relation between the work motivations and performances of the academic staff at Physical Education and Sports departments of Universities in Turkey. While the population of the study is consisted of the Physical Education and Sports departments of Universities in Turkey, the sample is consisted of 497 academic staff working at these departments. Work Motivation Scale and Employee Performance Scale were used as the data collection tools in the study. The prediction of the Employee Performance by the Work Motivation was surveyed by the recreation analysis. While a negative and low-level significant relation was found between the lower dimension of the Internal and External Motivation of the work motivation and the performance, a positive and medium-level significant relation was found between the Stimulation-related Internal Motivation and the performance.
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    The validity and reliability study of work motivation scale for Turkish population
    (SILA SCIENCE, 2012) Yilmaz, Baki
    The sample of the study was composed of 401 academicians working in the departments of Physical Education and Sports of Turkish universities. The mean age of the subject group was 39.53 +/- 7.60 year. In the data gathering process Work Motivation Scale, which was composed of 31 items group under 8 subscales, was used. In the statistical analysis exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to the data. The exploratory factor analysis results revealed that 27 items of the total scale was grouped under six sub-factors which have an eigenvalue greater than 1. The first sub-factor was composed of items 2, 6, 10, 17, 21, 25, and 31. The second sub-factor was consisted of items 1, 16, 24, 26, 27, and 29. The items 8, 15, 23, and 30 were grouped under third sub-factor: 13, 20, and 28 items comprised the fourth sub-factor and the fifth sub-factor was composed of items 12, 7, 14 and 11, and the last sub-factor was composed of items 5,4 and 3. The internal consistencies of the subscales varied between 0.62 and 0.88. The internal consistency valve of the overall scale was 0.81. According to the confirmatory factor analysis the construct validity values of the sub-factors differed between 0.631 and 0.869.