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    Banking sector performance and economic growth: evidence from Southeast European countries
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Zeqiraj, Veton; Hammoudeh, Shawkat; Iskenderoglu, Omer; Tiwari, Aviral Kumar
    Using a dynamic panel generalized method of moments (GMM), this paper examines the dynamic impact of banking sector performance on economic growth in thirteen Southeast European countries over the period 2000-2015 by taking into account human capital, investment, and trade openness, among other factors. The main empirical finding suggests a positive and significant impact of banking sector performance on economic growth, which implies that banking efficiency is among the main determinants of overall economic growth. Further, the impact of investment, human capital, and trade openness is found to be positive and significant. The major policy recommendation is that the governments in the respective countries should foster their banking system because of its direct impact on economic growth.
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    Dynamic Impact of Banking Performance on Financial Stability: Fresh Evidence from Southeastern Europe
    (Sciendo, 2021) Zeqiraj, Veton; Mrasori, Flamur; Iskenderoglu, Omer; Sohag, Kazi
    This study addresses the issue of whether banking performance impacts financial stability in Southeastern European countries. To answer this question, the GMM approach has been applied in the analyses of the panel data over the period 2000-2015 for Southeastern Europe. The findings reveal the presence of significant positive long-run relationship between ROA, ROE, trade openness, and human capital, while government expenditures have negative impact on financial stability. Trade openness, human capital and government expenditures can keep the financial system stable as a whole. The Granger causality analysis discloses the main hypothesis where the banking system in this part of Europe accounts for more than 80% of the financial system. The study sheds light to the policymakers and research about the role of banking performance on financial stability for this region of Europe.
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    The performance of banking system in Balkan countries and its impact to economy
    (Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2018) Zeqiraj, Veton; İskenderoğlu, Ömer
    Various factors affecting economic growth constitute the subjects of many studies in the literature. In particular, the banking system can influence economies and support economic growth through its capital accumulation and fund transfer mechanism. Moreover, the performance of banks can be considered an important factor that would support growth. There are several studies that would claim the existence of the financial system’s impact on banking performance regarding its financial stability and financial inclusion. This study aims to examine the factors affecting the performance of the banking system and both direct and indirect impacts of those factors along with banking performance on the economy. Accordingly, this issue is explicated over the period from 2000 to 2015 utilizing the data with the annual frequency obtained from a sample of the Balkan countries including Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, Hungary, Macedonia, Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Greece, and Turkey. Panel Fixed Effects, Panel Random Effects, and Dynamic Panel Data Analysis (Panel Difference GMM and Panel System GMM) methodologies are performed within the frameworks of three separate objectives. Thus, the first objective of the study is to determine the potential impact of banking performance on economic growth. The second objective of the study is to determine the potential impact of financial stability on banking performance. The third and final objective of the study is to determine the impact of financial inclusion on the banking performance. The obtained results for the first objective of the study reveal a positive and statistically significant impact of the banking performance on economic growth. It is also concluded that human capital, trade openness, investment, and inflation have positive and statistically significant impacts on economic growth. However, no statistically significant impact of public expenditures on economic growth is found. The analysis results pertaining to the second objective of the study indicate that financial stability has a positive and statistically significant impact on banking performance. Also, it is concluded that human capital, economic growth, trade openness, and investments have positive and significant impacts on banking performance. Nonetheless, there is no statistically significant impact of public expenditures on the banking performance. The obtained results in line with the third objective of the study reveal that financial inclusion has a positive and statistically significant on the banking performance. Moreover, the impact of financial openness, human capital, and investments on the banking performance is detected to be positive and statistically significant.