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    Influence of Climate Conditions and Biofertilizers on Soybean Yield in Southeastern Kazakhstan
    (International Information and Engineering Technology Association, 2023) Kenenbayev, Serik; Yessenbayeva, Gulvira; Zhanbyrbayev, Yeldos; Bekturganov, Aidos; Dutbayev, Yerlan; Toktay, Halil
    Soybean (Glycine max) serves as a crucial legume crop in Kazakhstan, with an annual production volume approximating 282,185 t. Nevertheless, in southeastern Kazakhstan, notably the Almaty region, minimal research has been conducted to investigate the impact of fluctuating weather conditions and biofertilizer variability on soybean yields. As a response to the dynamic climate, particularly in light of technogenic influences, and evolving biofertilizer formulations, the present study seeks to elucidate the effects of abiotic factors on soybean productivity and symbiotic process activation. Field experiments were conducted to assess the influence of abiotic conditions during critical soybean development stages. Comparisons were made between the years 2020, 2021, and 2022, with the low precipitation in June 2021 and high average daily temperatures during grain filling and bean ripening stages observed to create critical abiotic stress conditions. These conditions were found to significantly influence soybean yields, with 2020 and 2022 yielding superior performance in terms of bean and seed count, seed weight, and the weight of 1,000 seeds. Biofertilizers including BioEcoGum, Biogumus, HanselPlant, Manure, and Tumat were applied to the soil, and their impact on the soil's microbial population and soybean yield parameters was assessed. A marked increase in the number of nodules per plant, the weight of individual nodules, nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, bean count, seed count, and overall seed weight per plant was observed in biofertilizer-treated soil compared to untreated control plots. In conclusion, the study underscores the influence of abiotic stressors on soybean productivity in Kazakhstan's sharply continental climate. The findings suggest that the strategic use of biofertilizers offers a compelling approach to enhance soybean yields under these challenging conditions. ©2023 IIETA.