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    Anatomic features of the cranial aperture of the optic canal in children: a radiologic study
    (Springer France, 2021) Ten, Baris; Beger, Orhan; Esen, Kaan; Adanir, Saliha Seda; Hamzaoglu, Ebru Comert; cicek, Fatih; Taghipour, Pourya
    Objective This study aimed to peruse anatomic features of the cranial aperture of the optic canal (CAOC) for obtaining an extended morphometric dataset in children. Methods Computed tomography images of 200 children were included in this retrospective work to analyze the shape, location and diameters of the CAOC. Results The CAOC area, width and height were observed as 17.53 +/- 2.80 mm(2), 6.12 +/- 0.84 mm, and 4.35 +/- 0.64 mm, respectively. The angle of the optic canal in axial plane was found as 39.28 +/- 5.13 degrees, while in sagittal plane as 16.01 +/- 6.76 degrees. The distance between the CAOC and the midsagittal line was 7.17 +/- 1.48 mm. The CAOC was measured as 54.04 +/- 5.23 mm and 42.55 +/- 3.28 mm away from the anterior and lateral boundary of the anterior skull base, respectively. The CAOC shape was described as the tear-drop (186 foramina, 46.5%), triangular (156 foramina, 39%), oval (47 foramina, 11.8%), and round (11 foramina, 2.8%). Conclusion The depth, angle and diameter measurements belonging to the CAOC were changing according to its shape or demographic data (e.g., sex and age). Therefore, preoperative radiologic evaluation containing the shape, location and size of the CAOC should be considered by multidisciplinary operating teams in terms of surgical interventions such as implant positioning.
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    Evaluation of Autografts Used in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Terms of Tensile Strength
    (Springernature, 2023) Mert, Ahmet; Cinaroglu, Selim; Keles, Haci; Aydin, Murat; cicek, Fatih
    Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries increase the likelihood of chronic knee problems in later years, including early onset osteoarthritis. Therefore, ACL treatment is important in preventing knee problems from developing. The treatment of choice for ACL tears is surgery (ACL reconstruction), and the most popular tendons for ACL reconstruction are the patellar tendon, hamstring tendon (semitendinosus and gracilis tendons), and bone-patellar tendon-bone. The present study compares the tensile strength of autografts used in ACL reconstruction to identify the optimum autograft for ACL in terms of mechanical properties. Methods Cadavers were dissected, and the Achilles tendons, quadriceps tendons, hamstring tendons (semitendinosus and gracilis tendons), patellar tendon grafts, and ACLs were harvested. Tensile tests of each tendon graft were performed using a Shimadzu Autograph AG-IS 100 kN tester (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Results The mean difference in tensile strength between ACL and other grafts was lowest for the quadriceps in both males and females (p < 0.001), meaning that ACL and quadriceps grafts are more compatible than other tendon grafts in terms of tensile strength. Conclusion The present study found the lowest mean difference in tensile strength to be between the ACL and the quadriceps tendon, suggesting that the use of the quadriceps tendon in ACL reconstruction will yield more positive outcomes.